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  • 5'-O-demethyl-8-O-methyl-dioncophylline A
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Review of electrolytic conductance standards (1987)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 16 (1987), S. 985-997 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Aqueous solution ; cell constant ; conductance ; electrolytic conductivity ; potassium chloride ; primary ; resistance ; resistivity, secondary, standards, and temperature scale
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Measurements of aqueous electrolytic conductance are performed routinely in a variety of disciplines and industries. Conductivity is a measure of the ionic content in solution and thus has applications in pharmaceuticals, power plants, rainwater, lake surveys, and oceanography, to name a few. A thorough review of the measurement of and standards for aqueous electrolytic conductance is herein presented. At present, the most precise and accurate standards have been set forth by the International Organization of Legal Metrology (OIML), and have been adopted by most other standards organizations. However, the uncertainty assigned to these standards, especially the secondary standards, is somewhat larger than would be expected from the physical aspects of the measurement. Several changes in the units and measurement scales, including temperature, volume, molar mass, resistance, and concentration obfuscate the accuracy of these standards. In addition to the review, research is proposed, using a conductance cell with variable length, to establish new standards for aqueous electrolytic conductance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00652583
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermodynamics of the Second Dissociation Constant and Standards for pH of 3-(NMorpholino) Propanesulfonic Acid (MOPS) Buffers from 5 to 55°C (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 27 (1998), S. 73-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Dissociation constant ; buffers ; NaMOPS ; temperature dependence ; emf ; Gibbs energy ; enthalpy ; entropy ; heat capacity ; zwitterion ; liquid junction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The second dissociation constant pK2 of 3-(N-morpholino)propanesulfonic acid (MOPS) has been determined at eight temperatures from 5 to 55°C by measurements of the emf of cells without liquid junction, utilizing hydrogen electrodes and silver–silver chloride electrodes. The pK2 has a value of 7.18 ± 0.001 at 25°C and 7.044 ± 0.002 at 37°C. The thermodynamic quantities ΔG°, ΔH°, ΔS°, and ΔC p o have been derived from the temperature coefficients of the pK 2. This buffer at ionic strength I = 0.16 mol-kg−1 close to that of blood serum, has been recommended as a useful secondary pH standard for measurements of physiological fluids. Five buffer solutions with the following compositions were prepared: (a) equimolal mixture of MOPS (0.05 mol-kg−1) + NaMOPS, (0.05 mol-kg−1); (b( MOPS (0.05 mol-kg−1) + NaMOPS (0.05 mol-kg−1) + NaCl (0.05 mol-kg−1); (c) MOPS (0.05 mol-kg−1) + NaMOPS (0.05 mol-kg−1); + NaCl (0.11mol-kg−1); (d) MOPS (0.08 mol-kg−1) + NaMOPS (0.08 mol-kg−1); and (e)MOPS (0.08 mol-kg−1) + NaMOPS (0.08 mol-kg−1) + NaCl (0.08 mol-kg−1).The pH values obtained by using the pH meter + glass electrode assembly are compared with those measured from a flow–junction calomel cell saturated with KCl (cell B), as well as those obtained from cell (A) without liquid junction at 25 and 37°C. The conventional values of the liquid junction potentials E j have been obtained at 25 and 37°C for the physiological phosphate reference solution as well as for the MOPS buffers (d) and (e) mentioned above.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022692629289
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