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  • Chemical Engineering  (105)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (97)
  • GENERAL
  • 1985-1989  (204)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1945-1949
  • 1986  (204)
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Publisher
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  • 1985-1989  (204)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1945-1949
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 32 (1986), S. 751-764 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper describes reactive flow in permeable media based on a numerical model that assumes local thermodynamic equilibrium. The model simulates single-phase, one-dimensional flow with greater generality than any model in the current literature. The mathematical foundation for the formulation is discussed in some detail. Results for hypothetical examples demonstrate that ion exchange and precipitation/dissolution of solids can interact to produce wave behavior not possible with either phenomenon alone. An important application involving both ion exchange and precipitation/dissolution is alkaline flooding. Model predictions for several laboratory alkaline floods indicate that the assumption of equilibrium is justified for these experiments. Simple calculations based on the equilibrium theory provide estimates of pH loss and hydroxide penetration distance.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The two-scale turbulence concept is recommended for modeling the turbulence in a baffled vessel equipped with a Rushton-type turbine impeller. A three-equation isotropic turbulence model is proposed that employs the balance equations for: the kinetic energy of the large scale vortices; the kinetic energy of the inertial subrange eddies; and the dissipation rate of the small-scale turbulence. The energy transfer rate from the large-scale vortices is prescribed algebraically. Flow patterns are modeled by solving the transport equations for vorticity, stream function, and tangential momentum. The Reynolds stresses are modeled by means of the effective viscosity, based on the three-equation model of turbulence. The calculated profiles of the mean velocity at the tank wall agree with experimental data obtained in the same system by means of a Pitot tube.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 32 (1986), S. 1963-1970 
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: One hundred sets of R-11 two-phase pressure drop and boiling heat transfer data are reported for cocurrent down-flow over an in-line tube bundle. The pressure drop data agree with predicitions using the Diehl correlation. A new heat transfer correlation is reported, accounting for the observed convective and nucleate mechanisms.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: High resolution gas chromatography ; Nitrogen/phosphorus detector ; Doxylamine metabolites ; Antihistamines ; Rhesus monkey ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A high resolution gas chromatographic method is described for the separation of rhesus monkey urinary metabolites of doxylamine with the use of on-column injection, a fused silica column (DB-1701), and nitrogen/phosphorus detection. An ancillary separation of doxylamine and six other antihistamines is also presented.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 9 (1986), S. 506-514 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Supercritical fluid chromatography, SFC ; Deactivation ; Gas chromatography, GC ; Small diameter capillary columns ; Organosilicon hydrides ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Small diameter fused silica capillary columns (50-75 μm i.d.) were deactivated at relatively low temperatures (250-300°C) with a mixture of polymethylhydrosiloxanes and several lowmolecular-weight organosilicon hydrides. Reproducible surface deactivations of highest quality were achieved with the polymethylhydrosiloxane (PMHS) reagent. Deactivations performed with PMHS via dynamic coating with neat or diluted reagent were evaluated by gas chromatography. Deactivations achieved with organosiloxane mono-, tri-, and tetrahydrides were also evaluated and compared. Low-molecular-weight organosilicon hydride deactivations were less time consuming and required lower head pressures for filling and coating columns with the reagent. Critical surface tensions of capillary surfaces modified with PMHS and the low-molecular-weight organosilicon hydrides gave support to the dehydrocondensation reaction between silica surface silanols and silyhydride bonds of the reagents. Slopes from Zisman plots indicated that coverage of the surface ranged from highest for the polymer (PMHS) to lowest for the monomers (TMS and PMDS). Efficiency measurements showed the influence that surface modification had on the uniformity and stability of the coated capillary columns. Well-deactivated capillary columns permitted the chromatography of polar solutes using supercritical carbon dioxide as mobile phase.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 26 (1986), S. 1399-1404 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A new capillary rheometer incorporated in an instrumented transfer molding press has been developed. This rheometer is effective for determining the viscosity characteristics of thermoset molding compounds under both isothermal and typical molding conditions. In examples of the rheometer's utility, the power law indices of two commercial epoxy molding compounds have been determined to be approximately 0.7. Additionally it has been shown that preconditioning typical epoxy compounds at 47 percent relative humidity causes a viscosity decrease of about 40 percent owing to plasticization of the epoxy resin.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 26 (1986), S. 600-604 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Recovery experiments above Tg have been performed on polymeric liquid crystal (PLC) - polystyrene (PS) blend sheets obtained from extrusion and subsequent hot drawing. The data reported show that a significant improvement of the dimensional stability of a drawn thermoplastic material can be obtained by adding a low percentage of non-compatible polymeric liquid crystals that are oriented during the hot drawing process. The fibrils formed act as a constraint for a certain amount of polymer surrounding them and consequently these highly oriented sheets, once exposed to high temperature, will mainly stress relax and do not creep. This effect disappears when the melting temperature of the oriented crystalline phase is reached. Compatible PLC-PS blends do not show any improvement on the dimensional stability compared to the unfilled matrix.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 13 (1986), S. 199-204 
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Positive- and negative-ion mass spectra of five glycoconjugates were obtained using laser desorption/Fourier transform mass spectrometry. These were the glycoalkaloids α-solanine and α-tomatine and the steroid glycosides gitoxin, lanatoside A and digitonin. Doping with KCl yielded both potassium- and chloride-attachment ions. Few fragment ions were observed for these species, with the exception of digitonin, although the negative-ion spectra showed relatively more fragmentation than the positive-ion spectra. All major fragments appeared to arise from losses of sugar groups due to cleavages at the glycosidic linkages. This contrasted sharply with the behavior of the malto-oligosaccharides studied in this laboratory.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A study of the positive and negative ion, ammonia (NH3 and N2H3) direct chemical ionization mass spectrometry of highly purified prostaglandin endoperoxide (PGH2) is presented. The positive ion spectra were characterized by an intense [M+NH4]+ adduct at m/z 370 and several fragment ions, most notably a [M+NH4 - H2O]+ ion at m/z 352 and an ion at m/z 298, assigned as the [M+NH4 - 72]+ ion of 12-hydroxy-5,8,10-heptadecatrienoic acid formed from PGH2 in the spectrometer. The negative ion spectra of PGH2 were characterized by a base peak at m/z 352 [M]- and by an ion at m/z 334 corresponding to the loss of water from the parent ion. A combination of negative ion and deuterated ammonia reagent gas was used in making assignments and in demonstrating that the spectra observed were due to intact PGH2 and its stable PGE2 and PGD2 isomers formed in the spectrometer. In addition, use of the latter reagent gas was shown to clearly distinguish between several arachidonic acid metabolites, differing in their number of exchangeable protons. Furthermore, preliminary results with several stable prostaglandins indicate that the spectra are sensitive to different functional groups that are present. Consequently, it would appear that negative and positive ion, NH3 (N2H3) direct chemical ionization mass spectrometry would be useful in the analysis of labile arachidonic acid metabolites, without the need for prior derivatization.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 13 (1986), S. 167-170 
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The interaction of nucleic acid bases with the alkylating antitumour drug thiotepa has been studied by field ionization mass spectrometry. The possibility of interaction between all four DNA bases and thiotepa in neutral aqueous solutions was demonstrated. The analysis of the data for different methylated bases made it possible to elucidate some sites of alkylation - N(1)(Cyt), N(3)(Thy), N(9)(Ade) - which are compared with data on other alkylating agents available from the literature.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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