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  • 1
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    Hu-ets-1 and Hu-ets-2 genes are transposed in acute leukemias with (4;11) and (8;21) translocations (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-01-24
    Description: Human probes identifying the cellular homologs of the v-ets gene, Hu-ets-1 and Hu-ets-2, and two panels of rodent-human cell hybrids were used to study specific translocations occurring in acute leukemias. The human ets-1 gene was found to translocate from chromosome 11 to 4 in the t(4;11)(q21;23), a translocation characteristic of a subtype of leukemia that represents the expansion of a myeloid/lymphoid precursor cell. Similarly, the human ets-2 gene was found to translocate from chromosome 21 to chromosome 8 in the t(8;21)(q22;q22), a nonrandom translocation commonly found in patients with acute myeloid leukemia with morphology M2 (AML-M2). Both translocations are associated with expression different from the expression in normal lymphoid cells of ets genes, raising the possibility that these genes play a role in the pathogenesis of these leukemias.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sacchi, N -- Watson, D K -- Guerts van Kessel, A H -- Hagemeijer, A -- Kersey, J -- Drabkin, H D -- Patterson, D -- Papas, T S -- AG00029/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- HD17449/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 24;231(4736):379-82.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3941901" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Line ; Chromosomes, Human, 21-22 and Y ; Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells ; Leukemia/*genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; *Oncogenes ; *Translocation, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    Structural heterogeneity and functional domains of murine immunoglobulin G Fc receptors (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-11-07
    Description: Binding of antibodies to effector cells by way of receptors to their constant regions (Fc receptors) is central to the pathway that leads to clearance of antigens by the immune system. The structure and function of this important class of receptors on immune cells is addressed through the molecular characterization of Fc receptors (FcR) specific for the murine immunoglobulin G isotype. Structural diversity is encoded by two genes that by alternative splicing result in expression of molecules with highly conserved extracellular domains and different transmembrane and intracytoplasmic domains. The proteins encoded by these genes are members of the immunoglobulin supergene family, most homologous to the major histocompatibility complex molecule E beta. Functional reconstitution of ligand binding by transfection of individual FcR genes demonstrates that the requirements for ligand binding are encoded in a single gene. These studies demonstrate the molecular basis for the functional heterogeneity of FcR's, accounting for the possible transduction of different signals in response to a single ligand.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ravetch, J V -- Luster, A D -- Weinshank, R -- Kochan, J -- Pavlovec, A -- Portnoy, D A -- Hulmes, J -- Pan, Y C -- Unkeless, J C -- AI 24322/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- GM 36306/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Nov 7;234(4777):718-25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2946078" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; DNA/genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/genetics ; Immunoglobulin G ; Lymphocytes/*physiology ; Macrophages/*physiology ; Membrane Proteins ; Mice ; Protein Conformation ; *Receptors, Fc/genetics ; Receptors, IgG ; Transcription, Genetic ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Identification and characterization of the protein encoded by the human N-myc oncogene (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-05-09
    Description: The human N-myc gene is related to the c-myc proto-oncogene, and has been shown to have transforming potential in vitro. Many studies have reported amplification of N-myc in human neuroblastoma and retinoblastoma cell lines. In primary tumors, amplification of the gene was found to correlate directly with behavior of the tumor. Specific restriction fragments of a partial complementary DNA clone of N-myc from LA-N-5 human neuroblastoma cells were placed into a bacterial expression vector for the purpose of producing antigens representative of the N-myc protein. Rabbits immunized with these antigens produced antisera that recognized a protein of 62-64 kilodaltons in neuroblastoma cells. By several criteria, this protein appears to be part of the same proto-oncogene family as the c-myc protein. Moreover, the antisera to fragments of this protein were capable of histochemically identifying malignant cells in clinical specimens.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Slamon, D J -- Boone, T C -- Seeger, R C -- Keith, D E -- Chazin, V -- Lee, H C -- Souza, L M -- CA 16042/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 36827/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 May 9;232(4751):768-72.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3008339" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Carcinoma, Small Cell/metabolism ; Immune Sera/immunology ; Immunoenzyme Techniques ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism ; Lung Neoplasms/metabolism ; Neoplasm Proteins/genetics/*isolation & purification/physiology ; Neuroblastoma/metabolism ; *Oncogenes ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics/*isolation & purification/physiology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc ; Proto-Oncogenes ; Rabbits/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Mammalian metallothionein is functional in yeast (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-02-21
    Description: Expression of two monkey metallothioneins in yeast leads to complementation of both known functions of the endogenous yeast copperthionein gene, namely copper detoxification and autoregulation of transcription. The metallothionein-like proteins of higher and lower eukaryotes are therefore functionally analogous despite their dissimilar primary sequences.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thiele, D J -- Walling, M J -- Hamer, D H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Feb 21;231(4740):854-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3080806" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Copper/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Genetic Complementation Test ; Haplorhini ; Metallothionein/genetics/*physiology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*physiology ; Species Specificity ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Transformation, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    The cyclopean ear: a new sense for the praying mantis (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-02-14
    Description: The praying mantis, thought to be deaf, possesses a sensitive and specialized acoustic sense. Neural recordings show that the auditory system responds primarily to ultrasound between 25 and 45 kilohertz with thresholds of 55 to 60 decibels. Other insects with auditory tympana possess paired, laterally placed ears; the mantis has only a single ear that is located in the ventral midline between the metathoracic legs. Some species of mantis abruptly and dramatically alter their flight path when stimulated with ultrasonic pulses, suggesting a behavioral response to insectivorous echo-locating bats.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yager, D D -- Hoy, R R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Feb 14;231(4739):727-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3945806" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Hearing/physiology ; Nervous System/anatomy & histology ; Nervous System Physiological Phenomena ; Orthoptera/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Sensory Receptor Cells/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Genetic selection of a Plasmodium-refractory strain of the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-10-31
    Description: The anopheline mosquito is the target in most malaria control programs, primarily through the use of residual insecticides. A mosquito was studied that is refractory to most species of malaria through a genetically controlled mechanism. A strain of Anopheles gambiae, which was selected for complete refractoriness to the simian malaria parasite Plasmodium cynomolgi, also has varying degrees of refractoriness to most other malaria species examined, including the human parasites P. falciparum, P. ovale, and P. vivax for which this mosquito is the principal African vector. Furthermore, the refractoriness extends to other subhuman primate malarias, to rodent malaria, and to avian malaria. Refractoriness is manifested by encapsulation of the malaria ookinete after it completes its passage through the mosquito midgut, approximately 16 to 24 hours after ingestion of an infective blood meal. Fully encapsulated ookinetes show no abnormalities in parasite organelles, suggesting that refractoriness is due to an enhanced ability of the host to recognize the living parasite rather than to a passive encapsulation of a dead or dying parasite. Production of fully refractory and fully susceptible mosquito strains was achieved through a short series of selective breeding steps. This result indicates a relatively simple genetic basis for refractoriness. In addition to the value these strains may serve in general studies of insect immune mechanisms, this finding encourages consideration of genetic manipulation of natural vector populations as a malaria control strategy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Collins, F H -- Sakai, R K -- Vernick, K D -- Paskewitz, S -- Seeley, D C -- Miller, L H -- Collins, W E -- Campbell, C C -- Gwadz, R W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Oct 31;234(4776):607-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3532325" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anopheles/genetics/*parasitology ; Humans ; Insect Vectors/parasitology ; Malaria/parasitology/prevention & control ; Plasmodium/*physiology ; Plasmodium falciparum/physiology ; Plasmodium vivax/physiology ; *Selection, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 7
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    Antiserum to a synthetic peptide recognizes the HTLV-III envelope glycoprotein (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-03-28
    Description: In a study performed to determine which regions of the human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type III (HTLV-III) may represent vaccine candidates to prevent the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), a synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acid sequence 735 to 752 of the precursor envelope glycoprotein of HTLV-III was used to immunize rabbits. The resulting rabbit antiserum to the synthetic peptide specifically recognized the precursor envelope glycoprotein (gp160) of HTLV-III. Human sera positive for antibody to HTLV-III reacted with this peptide. These findings indicate that synthetic peptides can be used to induce an immune response directed against a native envelope glycoprotein epitope of HTLV-III. The data are discussed in terms of using synthetic peptides to identify antigenic determinants involved in the induction of protective immunity and possibly as vaccine candidates against the etiologic agent of AIDS.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kennedy, R C -- Henkel, R D -- Pauletti, D -- Allan, J S -- Lee, T H -- Essex, M -- Dreesman, G R -- N0I-HL-23505/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R23-AI-22307-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Mar 28;231(4745):1556-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3006246" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Viral/*immunology ; Antibody Specificity ; Antigens, Viral/*immunology ; Deltaretrovirus/*immunology ; Humans ; Molecular Weight ; Peptides/chemical synthesis/*immunology ; Rabbits ; Solubility ; Viral Envelope Proteins/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Molecular genetics of human color vision: the genes encoding blue, green, and red pigments (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-04-11
    Description: Human color vision is based on three light-sensitive pigments. The isolation and sequencing of genomic and complementary DNA clones that encode the apoproteins of these three pigments are described. The deduced amino acid sequences show 41 +/- 1 percent identity with rhodopsin. The red and green pigments show 96 percent mutual identity but only 43 percent identity with the blue pigment. Green pigment genes vary in number among color-normal individuals and, together with a single red pigment gene, are proposed to reside in a head-to-tail tandem array within the X chromosome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nathans, J -- Thomas, D -- Hogness, D S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 11;232(4747):193-202.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2937147" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Biological Evolution ; Cattle ; Cebidae ; Cercopithecidae ; Color ; Color Perception/*physiology ; DNA/metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Eye Proteins/genetics/physiology ; *Genes ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Photoreceptor Cells/physiology ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Retinal Pigments/*genetics ; Retinaldehyde/physiology ; Rhodopsin/genetics ; Rod Opsins ; X Chromosome
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Isolation of a new virus, HBLV, in patients with lymphoproliferative disorders (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-10-31
    Description: A novel human B-lymphotropic virus (HBLV) was isolated from the peripheral blood leukocytes of six individuals: two HTLV-III seropositive patients from the United States (one with AIDS-related lymphoma and one with dermatopathic lymphadenopathy), three HTLV-III seronegative patients from the United States (one with angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy, one with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, and one with immunoblastic lymphoma), and one HTLV-III seronegative patient with acute lymphocytic leukemia from Jamaica. All six isolates were closely related by antigenic analysis, and sera from all six virus-positive patients reacted immunologically with each virus isolate. In contrast, only four sera from 220 randomly selected healthy donors and none from 12 AIDS patients without associated lymphoma were seropositive. The virus selectively infected freshly isolated human B cells and converted them into large, refractile mono- or binucleated cells with nuclear and cytoplasmic inclusion bodies. HBLV is morphologically similar to viruses of the herpesvirus family but is readily distinguishable from the known human and nonhuman primate herpesviruses by host range, in vitro biological effects, and antigenic features.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Salahuddin, S Z -- Ablashi, D V -- Markham, P D -- Josephs, S F -- Sturzenegger, S -- Kaplan, M -- Halligan, G -- Biberfeld, P -- Wong-Staal, F -- Kramarsky, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Oct 31;234(4776):596-601.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2876520" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/microbiology ; Cell Line ; Deltaretrovirus Infections/microbiology ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Haplorhini ; Herpesviridae/*isolation & purification ; Herpesviridae Infections/*microbiology ; Humans ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders/*microbiology ; Microscopy, Electron ; T-Lymphocytes/microbiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 10
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    A selective imidazobenzodiazepine antagonist of ethanol in the rat (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-12-05
    Description: Ethanol, at pharmacologically relevant concentrations of 20 to 100 mM, stimulates gamma-aminobutyric (GABA) receptor-mediated uptake of 36Cl-labeled chlorine into isolated brain vesicles. One drug that acts at GABA-benzodiazepine receptors, the imidazobenzodiazepine Ro15-4513, has been found to be a potent antagonist of ethanol-stimulated 36Cl- uptake into brain vesicles, but it fails to antagonize either pentobarbital- or muscimol-stimulated 36Cl- uptake. Pretreatment of rats with Ro15-4513 blocks the anticonflict activity of low doses of ethanol (but not pentobarbital) as well as the behavioral intoxication observed with higher doses of ethanol. The effects of Ro15-4513 in antagonizing ethanol-stimulated 36Cl- uptake and behavior are completely blocked by benzodiazepine receptor antagonists. However, other benzodiazepine receptor inverse agonists fail to antagonize the actions of ethanol in vitro or in vivo, suggesting a novel interaction of Ro15-4513 with the GABA receptor-coupled chloride ion channel complex. The identification of a selective benzodiazepine antagonist of ethanol-stimulated 36Cl- uptake in vitro that blocks the anxiolytic and intoxicating actions of ethanol suggests that many of the neuropharmacologic actions of ethanol may be mediated via central GABA receptors.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Suzdak, P D -- Glowa, J R -- Crawley, J N -- Schwartz, R D -- Skolnick, P -- Paul, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Dec 5;234(4781):1243-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3022383" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anxiety/drug effects ; Azides/*pharmacology ; Benzodiazepines/*pharmacology ; Chlorides/metabolism ; Ethanol/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Flumazenil/pharmacology ; Male ; Pyrazoles/pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Strains ; Receptors, GABA-A/drug effects ; Synaptosomes/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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