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  • Chemical Engineering  (101)
  • Animals  (73)
  • 2005-2009
  • 1985-1989  (174)
  • 1986  (174)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal stability and compatibility of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) with an oxidizer and pyrotechnic blend (1986)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 26 (1986), S. 1469-1477 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) is a relatively new high temperature engineering thermoplastic. The stability of neat and fiberglass reinforced PEEK towards air, KClO4, and TiH1.65/KClO4 blend was studied by the surface sensitive technique of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and bulk technique of thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. Both of these examinations revealed no oxidation in the presence of air or KClO4 at temperatures of 60 or 120°C. In addition, no reduction of PEEK was observed in the presence of a reducing agent such as TiH1.65. The TG results also showed no air oxidation between 120 and 500°C.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760262102
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  • 2
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    Age-dependent changes in proteins of Drosophila melanogaster (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-03-07
    Description: Several molecular theories of aging postulate that there are age-dependent changes in gene expression and that these changes contribute to the reduction in the viability of senescent cells. High-resolution, semiautomated, quantitative two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of many soluble proteins was used to test this hypothesis in Drosophila. Two-dimensional protein gel patterns were analyzed for each of three age groups of [(35)S]methionine-labeled adult male Drosophila melanogaster, which, except for their spermatocytes, consist entirely of fixed postmitotic cells. Seven relatively abundant polypeptides expressed in middle-aged (28-day-old) flies were absent in both young(10-day-old) and old (44-day-old) flies. Quantitative analyses of an additional 100 polypeptides were carried out by computer-assisted microdensitometry of fluorograms of the gel preparations. These analyses revealed a significant age-related heterogeneity in the quantitative distribution of radiolabel in these proteins. The data indicate that the qualitative pattern of gene expression is identical in young and old flies, but that profound quantitative changes occur in the expression of proteins during the Drosophila life-span.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Fleming, J E -- Quattrocki, E -- Latter, G -- Miquel, J -- Marcuson, R -- Zuckerkandl, E -- Bensch, K G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Mar 7;231(4742):1157-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3080809" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Aging ; Animals ; Drosophila melanogaster/*metabolism ; Electrophoresis ; Male ; Molecular Weight ; Proteins/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A collocation approach to distillation column design (1986)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 32 (1986), S. 1832-1838 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A reduced-order collocation method is applied to the optimal design of distillation columns. The resulting number of equations is determined by the user and is independent of the numbers of stages in the column sections. The collocation method furthermore permits these stage numbers to be treated as continuous variables, thus extending the discrete solution set. This greatly facilitates the optimization. Several demonstration problems are worked out.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690321108
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of diffusivities in electrolyte solutions using Stefan-Maxwell equations (1986)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 32 (1986), S. 291-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The Stefan-Maxwell equations have been used to predict single-electrolyte diffusion and ternary tracer diffusion in concentrated electrolyte solutions. Variations in diffusivity due to concentration have been shown to be related to the relaxation effect and viscosity changes of solution. Specific equations are presented to evaluate the ion-ion and ion-solvent interaction coefficients appearing in the Stefan-Maxwell equations. These equations, when tested against experimental data, gave an accurate description of the process at up to 4.0 M concentrations and for trace species mobilities differing by a factor of ten.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690320216
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computer simulation of injection mold filling for viscoelastic melts with fountain flow (1986)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 26 (1986), S. 190-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The ultimate properties of a molded article arc directly related In the microstructure of the article and are consequently influenced by the thermomechanical history experienced by the melt during processing. The mold filling behavior of thermopalastic polymer melts has been analyzed quantitatively by means of a computer simulation. The mathematical model is based on the equations of continuity, motion, and energy, along with appropriate constitutive relations and relevant initial and boundary conditions. The governing system of equations is solved numerically by means of a Marker-and-Cell computational scheme. One to the significant implications for microstructure development, the fountain effect at the advancing free surface is explicitly taken into consideration in the simulation. The model yields data on filling time and melt front position as well as velocity, temperature, pressure, and shear stress distributions within the mold cavity. The rearrangement of the velocity and temperature profiles in the vicinity of the melt front are considered in detail. Experimental studies have also been undertaken in order to verify the predictions of the computer Simulation.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760260303
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature changes in poly(methyl methacrylate) and high-density polyethylene during rapid compressive deformation (1986)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 26 (1986), S. 1060-1065 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The adiabatic temperature changes for poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and high-density polyethylene are reported as the result of rapid compressive stress applications at different temperatures. A specially-modified Instron capillary rheometer was used in the experiments. Results were examined by determining the experimental thermoelastic coefficients (δT/δ). These were compared with the predicted coefficients from the equation (δT/δ) = ∝LTo/ρCp. Good agreement was found for ambient temperature, and deviations were found for higher temperatures. High-density polyethylene showed higher temperature changes than PMMA, the causes for which are also discussed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760261506
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic mechanical properties of particulates: Application to iron-epoxy composites (1986)
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Composites 7 (1986), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 0272-8397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The dynamic mechanical properties of composite materials, consisting of an epoxy matrix filled with iron particles, were determined over a temperature range. The storage- and loss moduli were evaluated in a Dynastat apparatus, with the parameters being the volume fraction of filler and the test frequency. A theoretical model was developed for comparing the experimental results with the theoretical predictions. A satisfactory correlation was obtained for the glassy region of the composite.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pc.750070102
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of fusion and physical aging on the toughness of poly(vinyl chloride) (1986)
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology 8 (1986), S. 183-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 0193-7197
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: It is well known that during aging or annealing, materials become stiffer and more brittle, and creep and stress relaxation rates decrease. Research in this area is very important because physical aging (annealing) plays a large role in the production of products, and it also occurs during the use of the objects or products. The decrease of free volume with time is unavoidable even at ambient temperatures. The influence of fusion and physical aging on the toughness of extruded PVC profiles was investigated. It is known that the toughness of PVC is influenced by secondary crystallization - after primary particles of PVC are partially melted. Recrystallization upon cooling or annealing forms a three-dimensional structure tying together the primary particles. This three-dimensional structure normally produces a tougher PVC product. The density of glassy PVC can be changed by changing the quenching rate. The density can be further changed by annealing below Tg. The densification of a glassy polymer normally leads to a less tough PVC product. This study uses density measurements and differential scanning calorimetry scans to measure the amount of enthalpy relaxation (related to densification) and crystalline melting energy (related to the amount of crystallinity) for various annealed samples. These are related to toughness as measured by notched Izod and droppeddart impact tests.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vnl.730080411
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  • 9
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    T-cell recognition of Ia molecules selectively altered by a single amino acid substitution (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-01-17
    Description: T lymphocytes recognize foreign antigen together with allele-specific determinants on membrane-bound class I and class II (Ia) gene products of the major histocompatibility complex. To identify amino acids of class II molecules critical to this recognition process, the genes encoding the beta chains of the I-Ak molecule were cloned from a wild-type B-cell hybridoma and from an immunoselected variant subline showing distinct serological and T-cell stimulatory properties. Nucleotide sequencing and DNA-mediated gene transfer established that a single base transition (G----A) encoding a change from glutamic acid to lysine at position 67 in the I-Ak beta molecule accounted for all the observed phenotypic changes of the variant cells. These results confirm the importance of residues 62 to 78 in the amino terminal domain of I-A beta for class II-restricted T-cell recognition of antigen and demonstrate the ability of a single substitution in this region to alter this recognition event.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brown, M A -- Glimcher, L A -- Nielsen, E A -- Paul, W E -- Germain, R N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jan 17;231(4735):255-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3484558" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/genetics/immunology ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/*immunology ; Humans ; Hybridomas/immunology ; Major Histocompatibility Complex ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 10
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    Estrogen-induced factors of breast cancer cells partially replace estrogen to promote tumor growth (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-06-20
    Description: The hormone 17 beta-estradiol acts through its receptor system to induce MCF-7 human breast cancer cells to form tumors in athymic mice. In vitro studies have identified the production of estrogen-induced growth factors from MCF-7 cells that may have a role in growth control. These induced growth factors were sufficient to stimulate MCF-7 tumor growth in ovariectomized athymic mice, thus partially replacing estradiol. Growth factors may act as estrogen-induced "second messengers" in estrogen-responsive growth of human breast cancer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dickson, R B -- McManaway, M E -- Lippman, M E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Jun 20;232(4757):1540-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3715461" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Breast Neoplasms/*pathology ; Cell Division ; Cell Line ; Culture Media ; Estradiol/*physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Ovariectomy ; Receptors, Estradiol/*physiology ; Receptors, Estrogen/*physiology ; Transplantation, Heterologous
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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