ALBERT — All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

1

Electronic Resource

Consumer demand for meat and the evaluation of agricultural policy (1985)

Anderson, R. ; Wilkinson, M.

Springer

Empirical economics 10 (1985), S. 65-89

add to mindlist on the mindlist

Details

ISSN: 1435-8921

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Economics

Notes: Abstract This study utilizes an econometric model of equilibrium in the U.S. livestock and feedgrain markets to investigate a number of questions of economic methodology and policy. Both nonlinear consumer demand equations that obey the constraints of neoclassical demand theory and a model of supply are used. This approach allows for the measurement of the effects on consumer welfare of actual government policies. In particular, the model is employed to analyze the welfare effects of an actual policy situation — the sale of U.S. grain to the Soviet Union in the third quarter of 1972.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01973542

Permalink

	Location	Call Number	Expected	Availability

Others were also interested in ...

Paper (German National Licenses)

Fulltext

2

Electronic Resource

The social organization of the common vampire bat (1985)

Wilkinson, Gerald S.

Springer

Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 17 (1985), S. 123-134

add to mindlist on the mindlist

Details

ISSN: 1432-0762

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Summary Variability at seven polymorphic allozyme loci and observations of dispersal and mating provide evidence for nonrandom genetic structure among adult female groups of the highly social bat, Desmodus rotundus. The average degree of relatedness, estimated by allelic correlations at each locus, within three and six groups of females is 0.018 (SE=0.013) and 0.032 (SE=0.023), respectively. Even though these estimates do not differ significantly from zero, a multivariate analysis of variance of individual allele frequencies reveals that three of six pairwise comparisons of groups reach significance. This genetic heterogeneity within a population does not lead to increased genetic subdivision between populations. Mean classificatory ability of the discriminant functions drops from 84% for assignment to group to 56% for assignment to population. This pattern of genetic variability is due to recruitment of female offspring into their natal groups and forced male dispersal. Occasional movements of unrelated females between groups lead to the formation of multiple matrilines within groups. Although males fight viciously for access to the top of preferred female roosting sites and top males mate preferentially with females in that roost, mean maximum paternity for top males is only 46%. Consequently, male mating success is sufficiently random to maintain gametic equilibria among all pairs of loci. Given an infant mortality of 54%, mean male tenure of 17 months, and a birth interval of 10 months, females are unlikely to be related through common male ancestors. In one group, the average degree of relatedness, derived from matrilineal pedigrees, is 0.11 (SD=0.17). Computer simulations of the growth of a group of female D. routundus show that the low level of relatedness within groups is expected even if the proportion of unrelated females allowed into a group decreases. This pattern holds for any animal which recruits one sex into its social group and has relatively high juvenile mortality followed by low adult mortality.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00299244

Permalink

	Location	Call Number	Expected	Availability

Others were also interested in ...

Paper (German National Licenses)

Fulltext

3

Electronic Resource

The social organization of the common vampire bat (1985)

Wilkinson, Gerald S.

Springer

Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 17 (1985), S. 111-121

add to mindlist on the mindlist

Details

ISSN: 1432-0762

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Summary At a site in Costa Rica, three groups of 8–12 adult female vampire bats, Desmodus rotundus, utilize group-specific sets of hollow trees as day roosts. Long-term nonrandom associations between pairs of females, as measured by the proportion of time one bat spends roosting in the same tree with another bat over a 3 year period, occur even when preferences for particular trees are removed. Significant associations exist between both related and unrelated adult females. Adult male bats, however, show few associations with females or other males. By observing bats within trees and while foraging, and by monitoring feeding flights with radiotelemetry, the following potential benefits of association could be tested. Females roost together to (1) share a suitable microclimate, (2) avoid predators, (3) avoid ectoparasite infestations, (4) minimize travel to mobile prey animals, (5) respond to coercive males, (6) feed simultaneously from a bite, (7) remove ectoparasites by allogrooming, and (8) share food by regurgitating blood to other bats within roosts. The data do not indicate that any of the first five hypotheses provide significant benefits for long-term associations although predators and ectoparasite levels may cause occasional changes in roost sites. Simultaneous feeding was uncommon and apparently confined to females and their recent offspring. Allogrooming, although common, occurred independently of the presence of ectoparasites. Food sharing, however, occurred between both related and unrelated adult females with high levels of association and provides at least one selective advantage for maintaining cohesive female groups.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00299243

Permalink

	Location	Call Number	Expected	Availability

Others were also interested in ...

Paper (German National Licenses)

Fulltext

4

Electronic Resource

Anomalons? (1985)

Wilkinson, Denys

Springer

Hyperfine interactions 21 (1985), S. 265-273

add to mindlist on the mindlist

Details

ISSN: 1572-9540

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Physics

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02061989

Permalink

	Location	Call Number	Expected	Availability

Others were also interested in ...

Paper (German National Licenses)

Fulltext

5

Electronic Resource

Human sociogeophysics — Phase II (continued): Criticality in the diffusion of ethnicity produces civil society (1985)

Iberall, A. ; Wilkinson, D.

Springer

GeoJournal 11 (1985), S. 153-158

add to mindlist on the mindlist

Details

ISSN: 1572-9893

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Geography

Notes: Abstract After a Phase I expansion at a constant population density, the earth's surface —the habitable niche of man — becomes filled. The subsequent global Malthusian constant (birth rate minus death rate) however remains unchanged. A criticality in density is thereupon reached, and a phase transition ensues. The most marked feature of Phase II is an onset of condensations, of settlements in place. The kinematics of Phase II involved (a) continued low growth rate of total population; (b) the continued diffusion of ethnicity with remixing; (c) fluctuating condensations involving local urban densifications; (d) local convective process fluxes (flows) carried on via trade and war rather than simple diffusive flow processes carried on via extensive local migrations; and (e) civilizational flow processes of convection governed by man-made rules for the diffusive transports of matter, energy, action and population. The diffusion of ethnicity continues at an expanded space-time scale. The spatial scale is enlarged to the order of 300 km, with a corollary time scale of 1/2 to 1 millennium. This estimate is based on two physical notions: (a) a stability criterion for the transition, which provides an estimate for the number (density) of neighboring condensed population centers that need be involved in the trade-war convections (on the order of 16) and the range domain for these centers (on the order of 200–300 km); and (b) continuance of the diffusion of ethnicity as marked by a diffusivity relation (d1 2/t1 = d2 2/t2) where d1 = 50–80 km (prior hunter-gatherer spatial scale), t1 = 30 years (prior hunter-gatherer time scale), d2 = 300 km (subsequent settlement spatial scale), so that t2 (subsequent settlement temporal scale) approximates 500 to 1000 years. While the total human ensemble represents a unitary “human” culture (in Braudel's term, a “world-economy”), it also contains a plurality of cultures in the anthropologist's sense, which now continuously diffuse and rediffuse, mix and remix. This continuing diffusion of ethnicity at the longer and larger scales produces longer and larger-scale fluctuations — fluid-like, transitory, large moving — which begin to constitute the politics and economics of civilizations. Trade and war become civilization's macroscopic flows, surplus production and states and empires its macroscopic patterns and forms.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00212916

Permalink

	Location	Call Number	Expected	Availability

Others were also interested in ...

Paper (German National Licenses)

Fulltext

6

Electronic Resource

Wet-wedge spirometer for the accurate continuous measurement of ventilation under anaesthesia (1985)

O'Connor, S. A. ; Wilkinson, D. J. ; Dickson, G. R. ; [et al.]

Springer

Medical & biological engineering & computing 23 (1985), S. 258-262

add to mindlist on the mindlist

Details

ISSN: 1741-0444

Keywords: Anaesthesia ; Bag-in bottle principle ; Respiratory depression ; Ventilation ; Wet-wedge spirometer

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine

Notes: Abstract A wet-wedge spirometer which continuously and accurately measures tidal volume in the spontaneously breathing anaesthetised patient has been developed. This spirometer may be adapted for use with any anaesthetic system which employs a reservoir bag and expiratory-relief valve. The performance of this apparatus both in the laboratory and in the operating theatre has shown the device to be linear, sensitive and suitable for routine anaesthetic use. Measurement of tidal volume was accurate within ±3·5 per cent of reading up to respiratory frequencies of 60 breaths per minute independent of the fresh gas flow. The resistance of the anaesthetic circuit remained within normally accepted limits when used with this spirometer.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02446868

Permalink