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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mixing studies in the single screw extruder (1985)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 25 (1985), S. 305-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Laminar mixing in a single screw extruder between two miscible liquids is considered. Studies are presented which examine the mixing performance in single screw extruders with mixing sections, variable geometry screws, and multi-viscosity mixtures. Model extruders, set up on engine lathes, were used to mix colored silicone rubber which eventually cured in the screw channel. The cured silicone was then removed and sliced to measure the mixing. Results show mixing as a function of both down channel location and total average strain. For the mixing section study, results support the theory of interfacial area reorientation as the key mechanism in mixing section performance. Increasing viscosity ratio for the multi-viscosity study showed a decrease in mixing rate.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760250510
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Discrete cell model of fixed-bed adsorbers with rectangular adsorption isotherms (1985)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 31 (1985), S. 1329-1337 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Adsorption of organics inot activated carbon particles within a fixed-bed adsorber is modeled using the concept of mixing cells. The adsorption isotherm of these organics is taken to be rectangular because of the commonly observed strong affinity of organics into activated carbons. The model equations are solved by a singular perturbation method, and this results in a graphical procedure similar to that of McCabe and Thiele used in distillation column design. Such a graphical procedure provides a quick means to determine the adsorbate profiles along the adsorber for a given time and also the breakthrough curve, which reflects the performance of the adsorber.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690310812
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Porosity effects on catalytic char oxidation. Part I: A catalyst deposition model (1985)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 31 (1985), S. 957-964 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Six char samples generated from two coals were impregnated by solutions with different concentrations of Na2CO3 and /or K2CO3. The catalyst solution penetration was studied, the catalyst uptake was measured, and the effects of impregnation on the char pore structure were determined experimentally. The results indicate that the impregnated catalysts reside only on particle exteriors without significant penetration. The overall rate of reaction is therfore the combination of catalytic reaction on particle exteriors and noncatalytic reaction on the pore surfaces inside the particle. A kinetic model is presented that takes these findings into account.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690310612
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Porosity effects on catalytic char oxidation. Part II: Experimental results (1985)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 31 (1985), S. 965-972 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Oxidation rates of Na2CO3- and K2CO3-impregnated char samples were measured in an isothermal kinetic control regime. The results were analyzed by a previously developed model to extract the intrinsic catalytic reactivities, freed from superimposed noncatalytic and structural effects. Although the overall catalyzed rates are only several times greater than their uncatalyzed counterparts, the intrinsic catalytic rates were found to be four orders of magnitude greater. The results further indicate that the function of the catalyst is to increase the number of active sites without affecting the activation energy. The overall reaction kinetics are demonstrated to contain the combined contributions of both catalytic and noncatalytic reactions, and in this context the effects of multiple catalysts as well as of the pore structure development during reaction can be understood and interpreted.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690310613
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of pore structure on char oxidation kinetics (1985)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 31 (1985), S. 973-981 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Prior studies have demonstrated that char gasification rates vary with conversion, showing a maximum at an intermediate level. In this work experimentally determined char-air reaction rates and corresponding pore structures are compared to assess the applicability of a previously proposed random pore model and to extract pertinent chemical and physical parameters. Results on six different chars are presented and analyzed to obtain structure parameters, intrinsic kinetics, and activation energies. Agreement between two independent evaluations of the structure parameters demonstrates the degree of applicability of the random pore model and supports the view that rate variations with conversion are controlled by pore structural changes, even though overall rates also include contributions of intrinsic reactivity.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690310614
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A generalized methodology for estimating minimum fluidization velocity at elevated pressure and temperature (1985)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 31 (1985), S. 1086-1092 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A generalized methodology for estimating minimum fluidization velocity at elevated pressure and temperature was developed on the basis of a general correlation for pressure drop through fixed beds of spherical particles proposed by Barnea and Mizrahi (1973) and extended by Barnea and Mednick (1975). Comparison with experimental results shows good agreement.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690310706
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Real-time estimation of dynamic particle-size distributions in a fluidized bed: Theoretical foundation (1985)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 31 (1985), S. 1202-1212 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Significant noise (random error) is common in an on-line signal when measuring the particle size distribution in a fluidized bed. The application of optimal estimation theory to obtain a filtering algorithm that can rectify such measurements is detailed. Off-line simulation studies demonstrate that the filtering algorithm yields a measure of particle size distribution that is well-behaved, accurate, and able to track in real time as conditions change in the bed.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690310718
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hot purge gas regeneration of adsorption beds with solute condensation: Experimental studies (1985)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 31 (1985), S. 1322-1328 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Activated carbon beds with adsorbed n-octane are regenerated using hot air. Effects of pressure, feed temperature, and initial loading on temperature and concentration breakthrough curves are studied. For moderate and high values of these variables, effluent vapors are found to be saturated with hydrocarbon during part of the heating step, indicating the presence presence of liquid within the bed. Regeneration behavior is predicted with reasonable accuracy using a nonisothermal stage model.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690310811
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of pore structure on particle ingition during exothermic gasification reactions (1985)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 31 (1985), S. 157-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690310121
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reduced-order, multivariable models with pure time delays (1985)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 31 (1985), S. 229-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Marshall's method of model reduction (1966) neglects the modes of the high order system which contribute little to the overall system response. This approach is extended to handle complex and/or repeated eigenvalues and is then modified so that pure time delays can be included in the control variables of the reduced order model. Open- and closed-loop examples show that the inclusion of the time delays tends to compensate for the eliminated modes and leads to better agreement between the high and low order models.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690310209
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