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  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (10)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (7)
  • 2000-2004
  • 1985-1989  (17)
  • 1985  (17)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The communicative power of expert systems (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    R & D management 15 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9310
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: ‘Expert Systems’ or intelligent knowledge-based computer systems can be expected to have a considerable impact in the near future on the dissemination and use of technical expertise in practical situations. The potential benefits of such an approach to decision-making in applied science domains, for example, in anti-corrosive coating selection, are considerable. This paper argues, therefore, that a premium must be placed on such a system's performance as a communicator.The structure and behaviour of a classical ‘production system’ are briefly described, and the communicative ability of such a system is analysed. This critical examination of a production system's question-answering capabilities highlights the inherent restrictions which the structure of this kind of system places on its explanatory and justificatory powers. An outline design for a less inhibitive structure is presented.It is argued that the form in which the system provides ‘answers’ after the completion of a problem-solving session, may not yield sufficient appropriate information to the user, and a possible alternative view of a ‘solution schema’ is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9310.1985.tb00528.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theory of response of radiation sensing field effect transistors (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 58 (1985), S. 1375-1379 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Radiation sensing field effect transistors display a variety of nonlinear and saturating responses to ionizing radiation. A model involving the numerical solutions to the photoconductivity equations is presented which describes the response under a wide range of radiation doses and applied fields. The large, unexpected, response for zero bias demonstrates the importance of diffusion of the photocarriers. The simulations are consistent with the known transport parameters for SiO2, with the main unknowns being the concentration of electron and hole traps. A variety of data at different applied voltages and doses can be fit with the same transport parameters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.336110
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A pair of commuting scalars for G(2) &supuline; SU(2)×SU(2) (1985)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Mathematical Physics 26 (1985), S. 894-900 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7658
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: G(2) &supuline; SU(2)×SU(2) is a two-missing-labels problem, and therefore in order to give a complete and orthogonal specification of states of irreducible representations of G(2) in an SU(2)×SU(2) basis, one needs to find a pair of commuting Hermitian operators which are scalar with respect to the SU(2)×SU(2) subalgebra. A theorem due to Peccia and Sharp states that there are, apart from the Lie algebra invariants, twice as many functionally independent scalars as missing labels. Here two commuting SU(2)×SU(2) scalars are obtained, both of sixth order in the G(2) basis elements. They are in fact combinations of five scalars of different tensorial types, indicating that the functionally independent ones are in general insufficient to provide the lowest-order commuting scalars. An expression for the sixth-order invariant of G(2) is also obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.526545
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of generating function techniques to Lie superalgebras (1985)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Mathematical Physics 26 (1985), S. 901-912 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7658
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: The construction of generating functions for multiplicities of irreducible representations of Lie superalgebras from generating functions for characters is examined, and applied in order to obtain polynomial tensors and branching rules. Problems arising because of the existence of typical and atypical representations are discussed in detail. The techniques are applied to osp(1,2), spl(1,2), osp(3,2), and osp(4,2).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.526546
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    3ω0/2 harmonic emission from thin foils (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 28 (1985), S. 2555-2562 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Temporally and spectrally resolved 3ω0/2 harmonic emission has been recorded from 1.05 μm laser-irradiated thin foil targets which become underdense during the laser pulse of 600–900 psec. Changes in the spectra of both the backscattered and forward scattered harmonic light are observed coincident with the disappearance of the nc surface. The results are analyzed by considering the matching conditions for the generation of the 3ω0/2 light, including the effects of plasma wave refraction in the inhomogeneous plasma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.865263
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extraction and propagation of an intense, rotating electron beam (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 28 (1985), S. 434-437 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A hollow relativistic electron beam produced in a strong axial magnetic field has been extracted into a neutral gas cell where the field is zero. In the field-free region, equilibrium is dictated by a balance between the vz×Bθ radial pinch force and the centrifugal outward force. Extraction and propagation of these beams has been studied experimentally with a variety of diagnostics. A strong, low-frequency filamentation instability is observed after extraction. In general, 80% of the beam energy has been extracted and propagated 75 cm. Beam equilibrium properties are in good agreement with simple theory with the exception of the azimuthal plasma current.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.865172
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-wavelength negative mass instabilities in high current betatrons (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 28 (1985), S. 669-676 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Growth rates of negative mass instabilities in conventional and modified betatrons are calculated by analytic methods and by performing three-dimensional particle simulations. In contrast to earlier work, toroidal corrections to the field equations are included in the analytic model. As a result, good agreement with numerical simulations is obtained. The simulations show that the nonlinear development of the instabilities can seriously disrupt the beam.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.865079
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of ion-beam sputtering in the production of thin-film magnetic heads (abstract) (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 4009-4009 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Tests have been run using Commonwealth Scientific Corporation equipment to determine the advantages of ion-beam sputtering over reported electroplating, EB vapor deposition, and RF sputtering in the production of thin-film magnetic heads. Advantages of ion-beam sputtering relate to stronger adhesion of films achieved at lower substrate temperatures. One relative disadvantage is the impurity content inherent to the sputtering process. Variables which were adjusted to achieve optimal results (permeability, anisotropy, magnetic strength, internal stress of the film) were the substrate to target angle, temperature, target (Ni, Fe) content and a magnetic depositional field. Sputtering was preceded by base pressures below 2×10−6 Torr. Ar ions at 1 keV were used at 1 ×10−4 Torr pressure. The substrate was rotated at 10 rpm while deposition rates of 250 A(ring)/mm were recorded. A permanent magnet was affixed to the underside of the substrate holder to provide an orienting magnetic field to induce uniaxial magnetic anisotropy of the film. Substrate angles of greater than 35° exhibited the best uniaxial anisotropy while increasing the substrate surface temperature. Increasing substrate surface temperature decreased the internal stress of the film. Substrate angle can also be varied to create films with good anisotropy from targets of varied Ni-Fe content. Good uniaxial anisotropy was obtained from high Ni content at smaller substrate angles while lower Ni content was deposited with similar results at greater substrate angles. Deposition in a magnetic field (along the axis of difficult magnetization) proved effective in increasing the permeability of the film.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.334892
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EFFECTIVENESS OF DROUGHT POLICIES FOR MUNICIPAL WATER MANAGEMENT (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 21 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: During the 1976–77 drought, three principal mechanisms were used to reduce water use in Utah communities: price increases, maximum monthly use restrictions, and restrictions on outdoor watering times. A regression model was developed to explain observed changes in water use, with price, type of restriction, household size, and summer rainfall as independent variables. For an average system, a 1 percent increase in price would reduce water use by 0.07 to 0.09 percent. A 1 percent increase in outdoor watering time restriction reduces use by 0.064 to 0.075 percent. A 1 percent increase in quantity restrictions leads to a reduction in water use of 0.014 to 0.054 percent. The effectiveness of rationing policies is influenced by system characteristics. For example, outdoor watering time restrictions were less effective in systems with above average household size and below average monthly use.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1985.tb00150.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transmission properties of an oak canopy in relation to photoperception (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 8 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The spectra of incoming daylight and shadelight in a mature oak woodland were measured at intervals during the canopy cycle, and mean transmittance spectra were derived. Transmittance was spectrally neutral at ca. 0.55 during the light phase but, following leaf emergence, transmittance of PAR (400–700 nm) fell to ca. 0.1. Simultaneously, the red : far-red transmittance ratio fell to circa 0.6. Both showed little change during the summer and autumn until senescence, indicating that the optical properties of the canopy were surprisingly stable. There was no evidence that cloud cover influenced mean canopy transmittance, although transient sunflecks introduced great variability which, in combination with sampling bias, might explain previous contradictory reports. The red : far-red fluence rate ratio in the woodland showed a temporary increase in late summer, a result of a small increase in the red : far-red ratio of incoming daylight during this period. Reflectance and transmittance spectra and pigment content of sun and shade leaves were measured. Leaf transmittance spectra showed changes correlated with those of the canopy, and were related to changes in pigment content.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1985.tb01686.x
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