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  • pheromone  (13)
  • Springer  (13)
  • American Chemical Society
  • Elsevier
  • Oxford University Press
  • 2000-2004
  • 1985-1989  (13)
  • 1985  (13)
Collection
Publisher
  • Springer  (13)
  • American Chemical Society
  • Elsevier
  • Oxford University Press
Years
  • 2000-2004
  • 1985-1989  (13)
Year
  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Mosquito ; Culex pipiens fatigans ; Diptera ; Culicidae ; oviposition ; attractant ; pheromone ; chiral chromatography ; acetoxyhexadecanolide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract 6-Acetoxy-5-hexadecanolide (Ia) in the oviposition attractant pheromone released from egg apical droplets of the mosquitoCulex pipiens fatigans Wied. is shown to be the (−)-(5R,6S)- enantiomer. Identification was by chromatography of the 6-trifluoroacetoxy derivatives of the natural pheromone and of the synthetic (−)-(5R,6S)- (Ib) and (+)-(5S,6R)- (IIb) enantiomers on a capillary column having a chiral stationary phase comprising a derivative of (1S,3S)-chrysanthemic acid. The synthetic (−)-(5R,6S)- enantiomer (Ia) attracted oviposition of four fold more mosquito egg rafts than the control (P 〈 0.01) whereas for the (5S,6R)- enantiomer (IIa) there was no statistically significant oviposition attraction.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Scent gland ; defensive secretion ; Hotea gambiae ; Heteroptera ; Scutelleridae ; (E)-2-hexenol ; hex-2-enal ; oct-2-enal ; 4-oxohex-2-enal ; β-pinene ; limonene ; sex dimorphism ; feeding ; repellent ; pheromone ; ovicide ; Calliphora ; Diptera ; Calliphoridae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The occurrence inHotea gambia adults of a sexual dimorphism in the divided dorsal abdominal scent gland (dg 1)is reported. Counts made of ducted secretory units indicate that female dg 1 regresses at the end of larval development, unlike male dg 1 which undergoes no regression. Other dorsal abdominal scent glands (dg 2, dg 3) which function in the larvae cease to function during the imaginai moult. From gas chromatographic, mass spectrometric and [1H]NMR data, the identity of the secretion from male adult dg 1 was established as virtually pure (E)-2-hexenol (a 100-mg mature male adult contains 0.5–1 μl of secretion). 2-Hexenol was also found in the reduced female adult dg 1. In the sexually monomorphic metathoracic scent gland, (E)-2-alkenals (C6, C8) and (E)-4-oxohex-2-enal, together with monoterpenes (β-pinene, limonene) but not 2-hexenol, were identified. The vapor of (E)-2-hexenol is repellent to both sexes ofHotea adults and toxic to blowfly (Calliphora) eggs.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Olfaction ; receptor cell ; chirality ; perception ; neurobiology ; pheromone ; enantiomer ; bark beetle ; electrophysiology ; Douglas-fir beetle ; Dendroctonus pseudotsugae ; Coleoptera ; Scolytidae ; (+)-frontalin ; (−)-frontalin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Olfactory perception of pheromonal enantiomers by male and female Douglas-fir beetles,Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopk. (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), was investigated by electrophysiological techniques and behavioral bioassays. Electroantennograms (EAGs) and single-cell responses indicated both sexes to be more responsive to racemic frontalin and the (−)-enantiomer at lower dosages. At higher dosages, little difference was noted in responses to either enantiomer. However, response to the racemic mixture at higher dosages was slightly greater than responses to either enantiomer alone. In laboratory behavioral bioassays, responses to low concentrations of (−)-frontalin and the racemic mixture exceeded response to the (+)-enantiomer alone. At a higher concentration, responses to the racemic mixture or either enantiomer alone did not differ. The results indicate that separate enantiomer-specific acceptors may exist on the same pheromone receptor cell.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: European corn borer ; Ostrinia nubilalis ; Lepidoptera ; Pyralidae ; voltinism ; (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate ; (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate ; pheromone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Pheromone blend analyses of glands from individual female European corn borers,Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner), from field-collected larvae or pupae associated with bivoltine flights in June and August and a univoltine flight in July have shown that: (1) a site in western New York has a bivoltine biotype utilizing (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate as its primary pheromone component (designatedZ), (2) two sites in central New York have mixed populations consisting of a bivoltine biotype utilizing theE pheromone isomer (designatedE) and a univoltine biotype utilizingZ, and (3) one site in central New York was found to have only the univoltineZ biotype. The combinations of voltine biotypes and pheromone strains found in New York support the existence of three European corn borer populations designated bivoltineE, bivoltineZ, and univoltineZ.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 38 (1985), S. 227-231 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: oviposition deterrent ; pheromone ; kairomone ; Pieris rapae ; Pieris brassicae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La réponse au laboratoire de P. rapae à la phéromone dissuadant la ponte (ODP) de P. brassicae a été étudiée par l'oviposition. Des expériences de choix entre des feuilles traitées à l'ODP et des témoins ont montré que les femelles préfèrent nettement les feuilles témoins. Cette préférence s'est maintenue même quand les feuilles témoins ont été recouvertes d'un grand nombre d'oeufs de P. rapae. Ceci peut indiquer l'absence chez P. rapae d'une évaluation de la charge de ses propres oeufs. L'effet dissuadant du ODP de P. brassicae sur les femelles de P. rapae persiste au moins 8 jours. Les observations comportementales suggèrent que des poils olfactifs aussi bien que des poils gustatifs sont impliqués dans la perception d'ODP mais une confirmation de cette hypothèse par enregistrements électrophysiologiques est nécessaire. Les perspectives d'utilisation de cette phéromone/kairomone dans la lutte contre les insectes du chou sont examinées.
    Notes: Abstract Egglaying responses of Pieris rapae L. butterflies to the oviposition deterring pheromone (ODP) of Pieris brassicae L. were studied in the laboratory. Choice experiments with ODP treated leaves and control leaves revealed that females perform a strong preference to lay their eggs on the control leaves. This preference is maintained even when during the experiment the control leaf becomes covered with a large number of conspecific eggs. Choice experiments with cabbage leaves with and without P. rapae eggs seem to indicate the absence of intraspecific egg load assessment of host plants in P. rapae. The deterrent effect of the ODP of P. brassicae to P. rapae females persists for at least 8 days. Behavioural observations suggest olfactory hairs as well as gustatory hairs to be involved in the perception of the ODP but electrophysiological recordings of the various chemoreceptors are necessary to confirm this. Finally the prospects of application of this pheromone/kairomone in cabbage pest control are discussed.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 37 (1985), S. 161-167 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: pea moth ; Cydia nigricana ; pheromone ; trap ; flight behaviour ; ground track ; downwind flight ; upwind flight ; wind ; response ; interactions ; model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ein räumliches mathematisches Modell für den Flug männlicher Cydia nigricana Falter auf mehrere in einem Weizenfeld in einer Reihe längs der hauptwindrichtung angeordneter Pheromonfallen nimmt folgendes an: 1. In Fallennähe reagieren stimulierte Falter auf ein abgegrenzte Pheromonwolke (wie über offenen Grund) durch Direktflug auf die Falle. 2. In weiterer Distanz nehmen die Falter kontinuierlich Pheromon wahr und orientieren sich gegen die momentane Windrichtung; die resultierende mittlere horizontale Flugspur geht demnach mehr gegen die Hauptwindrichtung als direkt auf die Falle. Es wurden Versuche angelegt um diese Annahme zu prüfen. Dazu wurden Windmessungen und quantifizierte Beobachtungen der Horizontalspur der Falter gemacht und zwar in 5×5 m Weizenflächen, 12,5 and 17,5 m von der nächsten von 3 Pheromonfallen. Die Resultate bestätigen die Annahme und deuten darauf hin, dass die Distanz, bei welcher die Falter in einem Weizenfeld bei Windstärken von 4–10 km/h ständig Pheromon wahrzunehmen beginnen, zwischen 12,5 und 17,5 m beträgt. Fast die Hälfte der beobachteten Falter flog mitwind, meist direkt von der nächsten Pheromonfalle, die windaufwärts der Beobachtungsfläche war — unabhängig von der mittleren Windrichting. Offenbar waren diese Falter von der betreffenden Falle angezogen aber nicht gefangen worden. Diese Flüge waren gemäss Beobachtung lang, relative schnell und gerade; es wurde keine Vorzugsrichtung von der Fälle her beobachtet. Flüge quer zur Windrichtung wurden selten beobachtet, dagegen wurden Schwebflüge und Suchflüge festgestellt.
    Notes: Abstract The flight of male pea moth, Cydia nigricana, to three interacting pheromone traps aligned along the wind in wheat, was recorded with respect to the current wind direction. 12.5 m downwind of a trap, upwind flying moths responded as if to a discrete plume over open ground. However, at 17.7 m they flew, on average, in the mean upwind direction, and not directly towards the trap, thus confirming the suggestions of a simulation model which assumed that moths in a crop beyond a certain distance from a trap perceive pheromone continuously. Almost half the moths observed were moving downwind, directly from the nearest pheromone trap, irrespective of the mean wind direction. Such flights were long, relatively fast and straight, and were presumably due to moths leaving the vicinity, after initially locating that trap. No preferred direction of flight from the trap was found. True crosswind flight was relatively rare.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 39 (1985), S. 11-14 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Diptera ; Cecidomyiidae ; Contarinia pisi ; sex-attractant ; pheromone ; pea midge ; trapping
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'antenne des mâles de Contarinia pisi répond par électro-antennogramme à un courant d'air contaminé par des femelles vierges. Des pièges contenant des femelles attirent de nombreux mâles.
    Notes: Abstract Experiments designed to demonstrate the existence of a female sex-pheromone in the pea midge, Contarinia pisi Winn. (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) are described. Recordings from antennal receptors of males showed that extract of virgin females elicited an increase in spike activity. Field trapping experiments showed that traps containing virgin females or crude extract of virgin females caught large numbers of males.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Fatty acid analysis ; double-bond location ; dimethyl disulfide adducts ; mass spectrometry ; pheromone ; Choristoneura fumiferana ; C. occidentalis ; C. pinus pinus ; Plusia chalcites ; Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae ; Noctuidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A rapid analytical procedure for the determination of the position of double bonds in mixtures of monounsaturated fatty acid methyl esters has been developed. The method is based on direct capillary GC-MS-EI analysis of dimethyl disulfide adducts. The procedure was applied to mixtures of monounsaturated fatty esters from pheromone gland extracts of three tortricids from theChoristoneura genus,C. fumiferana, C. occidentalis, andC. pinus pinus, and one noctuid from the Plusiinae subfamily,Plusia chalcites. A correlation was found between the known major pheromone components in the four species with the corresponding fatty acids. Some of the additional fatty acids may be precursors to as yet unidentified minor pheromone components, present in extremely small quantities, in these species.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Dermacentor variabilis ; Acari ; Ixodidae ; tick ; American dog ; tick ; pheromone ; genital sex pheromone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The occurrence of a genital sex pheromone in the anterior reproductive tract of partially fed femaleDermacentor variabilis was demonstrated by extraction and bioassay. A new type of bioassay, the “neutered” female assay, was developed to test the potency of extracts or chemically defined fractions to stimulate males to copulate. Electrophysiological tests confirmed the ability of males to detect the pheromone with sensilla on their cheliceral digits. Males of bothD. variabilis andD. andersoni exhibited neuronal excitation when stimulated with extracts of theD. variabilis reproductive tissues. The pheromone, which is soluble in methanol, was fractionated and found to contain at least two fractions that stimulated copulation by sexually excited males. Evidently, the pheromone is a mixture of two or more compounds. Histologic, ultrastructural, and histochemical studies suggest the vestibular vagina as the site of genital sex pheromone occurrence, presumably from secretions of the surrounding lobular accessory gland. The identity of the compounds that comprise the pheromone remains unknown.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 11 (1985), S. 1747-1756 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Diptera ; Drosophilidae ; Drosophila melanogaster ; pheromone ; (Z)-11-octadecenyl acetate ; cis-vaccenyl acetate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Pentane extracts of matureDrosophila melanogaster males substantially increased the attractiveness of food odors to both males and females in a wind-tunnel olfactometer. Extracts of females caused no such increase. An active component of the extract was isolated and identified as (Z)-11-octadecenyl acetate (cis-vaccenyl acetate, cVA), and synthetic cVA was active in bioassay. Hydrolysis of the ester linkage or movement of the double bond to the 9 position destroyed the activity. Mature virgin males released cVA into their feeding vials, and amounts of synthetic CVA equal to that released per male caused significant bioassay responses. Females, which were known to receive cVA from males during copulation, were found to emit relatively large amounts of the ester into their feeding vials within 6 hr after mating. cVA had been demonstrated previously to be a close-range pheromone inD. melanogaster, discouraging males from courting other males or recently mated females; it now appears to have a longer-range function as well.
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