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  • Springer  (139)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 44 (1987), S. 177-185 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Schlagwort(e): spotted alfalfa aphid ; Therioaphis trifolii ; aphid-resistant plants ; lucerne = alfalfa ; Medicago sativa ; variation ; bioassay ; antibiosis non-preference ; inter-plant movement
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Résumé L'étude de la multiplication initiale des effectifs de T. trifolii, élevés au laboratoire sur pousses de différents pieds de luzerne, a servi de test d'antibiose pour les cultures en plein champ. La distribution de l'antibiose, dans des échantillons importants de plantes appartenant à des cultivars sélectionnés pour leur résistance aux pucerons, a présenté une forme en J, c'est-à-dire que la majorité des plantes était très résistante, quelques unes apparemment sensibles, et un certain nombre intermédiaires entre ces deux extrêmes. Pour un niveau donné d'antibiose, la reproduction, la mortalité et ainsi la distribution initiale en âges dans les populations de pucerons ont été généralement identiques. La multiplication végétative de plantes présentant un gradient de résistance à l'intérieur d'un cultivar et l'utilisation d'un plan de distribution des boutures ont permis l'étude de ce qui semble être l'effet de l'hétérogénéité spatiale sur la résistance des cultures aux attaques de pucerons. La simulation d'une invasion de la culture par les pucerons en plaçant des adulte sur toutes les boutures d'un rang ne pouvait donner une explication de la croissance de la population que si les pucerons se déplacaient le long du rang pour découvrir et exploiter les pieds les plus sensibles. Une distribution par taches, comme on peut l'envisager dans un champ, ne devrait pas gêner les pucerons, car bien que les mouvements d'évasion soient stimulés par les niveaux de résistance élevés (de non-préférence), on peut en déduire que les pucerons se déplaceront sur des plantes très résistantes, eventuellement pour atteindre des plantes moins résistantes placées derriere.
    Notizen: Abstract Initial population growth of spotted alfalfa aphid reared on shoots cut from individual lucerne plants, was tested and used as a realistic bioassay of antibiosis. Within cultivars selected for aphid-resistance there was a J-shaped distribution of antibiosis between plants of the crop, the majority being highly resistant, a few apparently susceptible and a proportion partly-resistant. For a given level of antibiosis, reproduction, mortality and thus initial age distribution of aphid populations were generally similar. Vegetative cloning of plants from the range of resistance available in a cultivar has allowed studies of the likely effect of spatial variation of resistance in crops on aphid infestations, using experimental arrays of cut shoots. Simulation of aphid invasion of crops by the placement of adults on all shoots of an array gave results explicable only if the aphids moved through the array to find and breed on the more susceptible plants. A patchy arrangement of these, as might be expected in a field crop, would not hinder the aphids, for although movement off a plant is stimulated by higher resistance (non-preference) levels, it was inferred that aphids will move onto higher resistance plants, eventually to reach lower resistance plants beyond.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 49 (1988), S. 75-82 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Schlagwort(e): aphid-resistance ; lucerne ; alfalfa ; Medicago sativa ; spotted alfalfa aphid ; Therioaphis trifolii f. maculata ; antibiosis ; bioassay
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract In autumn 1981 there were widespread reports of a reduced level of antibiosis in lucerne crops and field trials where cultivars selected for resistance to the aphid, Therioaphis trifolii f. maculata, had been used. On our field trial, the plot of ‘CUF 101’ lucerne was infested to a level about 40% of that on the aphid-susceptible ‘Hunter River’, compared with an average of about 3% over the two years before and the two years after. An experimental study of possible causes using a bioassay technique on cloned plants representing the spectrum of resistance in CUF 101 indicated that loss of resistance was temporary and occurred apparently randomly among the tests, but that certain treatments increase the frequency of its occurrence. Lowered temperatures and the use of either young regrowth or senescent lucerne, each increased the frequency of loss of resistance. Inundation of lucerne by large numbers of aphids did not affect the expression of resistance directly, but the few progeny that survived to adulthood on partly-resistance lucerne were habituated and were then able to interact with the plants to increase the apparent frequency of breakdown of resistance. Plants which showed the loss of resistance developed aphid populations between 4x ad 25x those when they expressed their normal resistance level. Investigations suggest that the situation in autumn 1981 may have been the result of a prolonged and massive immigration of aphids into lucerne crops, which, on the aphid resistant cultivars allowed surviving aphids to exploit maximally the combined effects of factors causing some loss of resistance.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 17 (1985), S. 385-387 
    ISSN: 1432-0762
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Adult female whitespotted sawyers Monochamus scutellatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) were placed on succeeding days with two males differing visibly in size. Females showed a significant preference for the larger of two males. The rate of oviposition was significantly higher when the female was paired with the larger male. Both the rate of movement by the paired female and her rate of indicating non-receptivity were significantly lower when the female was paired with the larger male. This species exhibits resource defense polygyny, and females appear to choose mates mainly on the basis of the quality of resources defended. This study suggests, however, that when resource quality is constant, females choose mates on the basis of their size.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 17 (1987), S. 135-136 
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract We observed significant piezoelectric activity in cast films of poly(1-bicyclobutanecarbonitrile).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    The European physical journal 28 (1985), S. 75-80 
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract The Unruh effect (heating by acceleration in vacuum) is discussed for the case of extended thermometers. An ambiguity in the temperature, corresponding to the well-known ambiguity in temperature of an extended body in thermal equilibrium in a gravitational field, is noted. The generality of the effect is related, following Sewell, to PCT symmetry. Application is made to the case of a spin-half particle in a confining and accelerating electromagnetic field.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract Impedance measurements on 23 Ah Ni-Cd cells at various residual capacity levels are described. These have been made using non-inductive connections coupled directly to a potentiostat and a frequency response analyser. The capacitive reactance at 0.39 Hz provided the best residual capacity indicator.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 15 (1985), S. 399-404 
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract Impedance measurements have been made on a mini electrode disposed between two large (identical) counter electrodes. A general mechanism is obtained for the electrode behaviour from the experimental data. The electrode reaction is two step and complex. Where comparison is possible agreement is obtained with earlier work.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
    BibTip Andere fanden auch interessant ...
  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 48 (1988), S. 257-262 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Schlagwort(e): feeding stimulants ; soybean ; Mexican bean beetle ; Epilachna varivestis ; relative growth rate ; relative consumption rate ; feeding preference ; sulfur dioxide ; soluble carobhydrate ; soluble protein ; glutathione ; plant stress
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Résumé Les taux de consommation relative (RCR) et de croissance relative (RGR) sont significativement supérieurs chez les larves d'E. varivestis après fumigation des feuilles de soja par SO2. L'étude de la relation entre RCR et RGR a révélé que les insectes se sont développés davantage, avant tout parce qu'ils ont consommé plus, et non pas par modification de la valeur nutritive des tissus de l'hôte. La teneur en carbohydrates solubles des feuilles traitées au glutathion on ayant subi une fumigation était bien supérieure à celle des témoins; les concentrations de sucrose, fructose et glucose, principaux phagostimulants de cet insecte avaient augmenté de 40 à 50%; la teneur en protéine soluble était inchangée (cas de la fumigation) ou significativement réduite (cas des feuilles traitées au glutathion). Des expériences de choix avec des disques de papier filtre ont montré que les insectes pouvaient distinguer nettement des différences de concentration en sucres, du même ordre d'importance que celles provoquées par le polluant, et y répondre. Ainsi, la cause primaire par laquelle SO2 augmente les performances d'E. varivestis sur soja semble être l'augmentation de la concentration foliaire en sucres stimulateurs, ce qui serait, au moins en partie, la conséquence de l'interférence du polluant avec la charge du phloème et le transfert du sucre à partir des feuilles atteintes.
    Notizen: Abstract Relative consumption rate (RCR) and relative growth rate (RGR) were significantly higher for larvae of the Mexican bean beetle fed leaves from plants fumigated with SO2. The insects grew faster primarily because they ate faster, rather than as a result of change in nutritional value of affected host tissue. Soluble carbohydrate content of fumigated or glutathione-treated leaves was much higher than that of corresponding control leaves, and concentrations of sucrose, fructose, and glucose, major feeding stimulants for this insect, were increased 40–50% by the treatments; soluble protein was unchanged (fumigated leaves) or significantly lower (glutathione-treated leaves) than controls. Feeding choice assays using filter-paper discs demonstrated that the beetles can discriminate clearly and respond to differences in sugar content of the magnitude produced by exposure to the pollutant. Thus, the primary mechanism by which SO2 increases performance of Mexican bean beetle on soybean appears to be increase in foliar concentration of stimulatory sugars, which, at least in part, would be a consequence of the pollutant interfering with phloem loading and translocation of sugar from affected leaves.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 15 (1985), S. 251-257 
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract Gross errors in impedance measurements of high capacity electrical storage cells can be observed when using a commercial Frequency Response Analyser (FRA) coupled with an electrochemical interface. The magnitudes of these errors are discussed and an appropriate automatic calibration procedure is described which enables the correct impedance to be recorded at any frequency.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract This paper reports studies of the reactions γp→ρ π π πp and γp→ρ ρ πp. In particular a peak is reported in the ρ ρ π mass spectrum with closely similar mass and width to those of the ω ρ π peak previously reported in the reaction γp→ω ρ πp. The ratio of production cross sections is found to be ρ ρ π/ω ρ π=0.96±0.19, in serious disagreement with the expectation from Vector Meson Dominance. A possible explanation is indicated.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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