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  • 1980-1984  (3)
  • 1984  (3)
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  • 1980-1984  (3)
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  • 1
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    The adaptation of vestibulo-spinal reflexes as a function of spaceflight and their relationship to space motion sickness (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-02-14
    Description: The hypothesis that exposure to prolonged free fall is a form of sensorymotor rearrangement rather than a direct change in otolith sensitivity or sensory compensation for a reduced otolith input is discussed. Data from Spacelab-1 experiment 1NS-104 are presented to support an otolith reinterpretation hypothesis. This experiment measured vestibulo-spinal reflex changes as a function of sustained free fall. Findings indicate that when a monosynaptic reflex (H-reflex), measured from the major postural muscles (soleus) is used, adaptation to space flight includes a change in how the central nervous system interprets a fall. In a normal gravity environment a sudden unexpected fall produces a potentiated H-reflex. After 7 days inflight, an equivalent fall does not potentiate the reflex. Postflight a greatly increased reflex is observed in those crewmen most susceptible to space motion sickness.
    Keywords: AEROSPACE MEDICINE
    Type: ESA Life Sci. Res. in Space; p 237-245
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Development and flight test of a weather radar precision approach concept (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: In order to make full use of the helicopter's unique capability of remote-site, off-airport landings, it would be desirable to employ a self-contained navigation system requiring minimum groundable-based equipment. For this reason, research is being conducted with the aim to develop the use of airborne weather radar as a primary navigation aid for helicopter approach and landing in instrument flight rules (IFR) conditions. Anderson et al. (1982) have reported about the first phase of this effort, taking into account the detection of passive ground-based corner reflectors with the aid of an 'echo processor'. The technology of passive-reflector detection in the overland environment provides the pilot with the range and bearing to the landing site. The present investigation is concerned with a second research phase, which was undertaken with the objective to develop and demonstrate the feasibility of a weather radar-based precision approach concept. Preliminary flight test results are considered.
    Keywords: AIRCRAFT COMMUNICATIONS AND NAVIGATION
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Vestibulospinal reflexes as a function of microgravity (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: Data from previous manned space flights suggest that an exposure to microgravity produces significant alterations in vestibular, neuromuscular, and related sensory system functions. It is possible that the observed changes are a function of adaptation induced by altered otolith input. An experiment in Spacelab 1 was conducted with the aim to study this adaptation as it occurred in flight and after flight, and to relate the observed changes to mechanisms underlying space motion sickness. The concept was explored by making use of the anatomic pathway which links the otolith organs and spinal motoneurons. The overall sensitivity of the spinal motoneurons was tested by two related methods. One method involves the electrical excitation of neural tissue and the recording of vestibulospinal reflexes in conjunction with a brief linear acceleration. The second method is concerned with measurements of dynamic postural ataxia. Results suggest that more than a single time constant may be involved in man's ability to return to baseline values.
    Keywords: AEROSPACE MEDICINE
    Type: Science (ISSN 0036-8075); 225; 212-214
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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