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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (232)
  • Humans  (85)
  • SOLAR PHYSICS  (83)
  • 1980-1984  (400)
  • 1984  (400)
  • 1
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    Lymphadenopathy associated virus infection of a blood donor--recipient pair with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-07-06
    Description: A retrovirus isolated from three patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the United States was morphologically and antigenically identical to lymphadenopathy associated virus isolated in France. Two of these isolates were from a blood donor-recipient pair, each of whom developed AIDS. Lymphadenopathy associated virus was isolated from the blood donor's lymphocytes 12 months after his onset of AIDS symptoms and from the blood recipient's lymphocytes 1 month after her onset of AIDS symptoms. Two isolates from the blood donor-recipient pair and an isolate from an epidemiologically unrelated homosexual man were examined by competitive radioimmunoassay to determine their antigenic relatedness to each other and to other human retroviruses. The major core proteins (p25) of the isolates were antigenically identical and all three isolates were identical to prototype lymphadenopathy associated virus isolated in France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Feorino, P M -- Kalyanaraman, V S -- Haverkos, H W -- Cabradilla, C D -- Warfield, D T -- Jaffe, H W -- Harrison, A K -- Gottlieb, M S -- Goldfinger, D -- Chermann, J C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jul 6;225(4657):69-72.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6328663" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*microbiology/transmission ; Adult ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; *Blood Donors ; Blood Transfusion/adverse effects ; Deltaretrovirus/immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Retroviridae/*immunology ; Retroviridae Infections/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Neuroleptic-induced decrease in plasma homovanillic acid and antipsychotic activity in schizophrenic patients (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-31
    Description: Plasma-free homovanillic acid, a major metabolite of dopamine, was measured in chronically ill schizophrenic patients both before and during treatment with the antipsychotic phenothiazine, fluphenazine. Neuroleptic treatment was associated with a significant time-dependent decrease in plasma homovanillic acid from pretreatment values, which were significantly elevated when compared with those of age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects. Further, both the absolute concentrations as well as the neuroleptic-induced reductions in plasma homovanillic acid determined over 5 weeks of neuroleptic treatment were statistically significantly correlated with ratings of psychosis and improvement in psychosis, respectively. These findings suggest that the delayed effects of neuroleptic agents on presynaptic dopamine activity may more closely parallel their therapeutic actions than do their immediate effects in blocking postsynaptic dopamine receptors and that a decrease in dopamine "turnover" may be responsible for their antipsychotic effects.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pickar, D -- Labarca, R -- Linnoila, M -- Roy, A -- Hommer, D -- Everett, D -- Paul, S M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 31;225(4665):954-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6474162" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Dopamine/metabolism ; Female ; Fluphenazine/pharmacology/*therapeutic use ; Homovanillic Acid/*blood ; Humans ; Male ; Phenylacetates/*blood ; Schizophrenia/blood/*drug therapy ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of formation of fibrin oligomers. III. Ligation kinetics concurrent with and subsequent to oligomer assembly (1984)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 23 (1984), S. 127-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Human fibrinogen was treated with thrombin in the presence of fibrinoligase (Factor XIIIa) and calcium ion at pH 8.5, ionic strength 0.45, and the ensuing polymerization was interrupted at various time intervals (t) both before and after the clotting time (tc) by solubilization with a solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate and urea. Aliquots of the solubilized protein were subjected to gel electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels after disulfide reduction by dithiothreitol and on agarose gels without reduction. The degree of γ-γ ligation was determined from the former. The latter provided the size distribution of ligated end-to-end sequences produced by splitting the ligated staggered overlapped oligomers down the middle, for degrees of polymerization, x, from 1 to 10. Addition of fibrinoligase (in which the activating thrombin had been inhibited by p-nitrophenyl-p′-guanidinobenzoate, NPGB) to Kabi fibrinogen showed the presence of small amounts of ligatable oligomers. Addition of fibrinoligase to a polymerizing mixture in which the action of thrombin had been stopped before clotting by NPGB produced the same distribution of ligated end-to-end sequences that was obtained when fibrinoligase was originally present, at least for reaction times up to 0.7 of the clotting time. The kinetics of γ-γ ligation by fibrinoligase acting on a polymerized mixture stabilized by NPGB were followed. The reaction was first order in the concentration of ligatable γ-γ junctions and the initial velocity was proportional to the enzyme concentration. The time evolution of size distribution of ligated end-to-end sequences agreed with a theory based on random ligation of ligatable junctions.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360230110
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resonance Raman spectra of mononucleotides obtained with 266 and 213 nm ultraviolet radiation (1984)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 23 (1984), S. 2067-2081 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Resonance Raman spectra of the nucleoside 5′-monophosphates UMP, CMP, AMP, and GMP have been obtained with 266- and 213-nm radiation, the fourth and fifth harmonics of a Nd:YAG laser. The 266-nm radiation is resonant with the states giving rise to the first absorption band of the bases. The resulting spectra are in agreement with those reported previously using similar wavelength excitation but are generally of better quality. The 213-nm radiation is resonant with those states giving rise to the second strong absorption band of the bases. The spectra obtained with this wavelength show several new features relative to the 266-nm spectra, including strong enhancement of modes of the pyrimidines with a character similar to the e2g ν8 mode of benzene, relative enhancement of ring modes at 1580 and 729 cm-1 in AMP, and strong enhancement of the 1670-cm-1 C = O mode of GMP. These enhancements are discussed in terms of previously reported preresonance behavior and predicted intensities based on CNDO bond-order changes and normal-mode calculations. The results of a preliminary study of the effect of the interaction of GMP with cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) on the 213-nm resonance Raman spectrum is also discussed.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360231017
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solvation effects on the 31P-nmr chemical shifts and infrared spectra of phosphate diesters (1984)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 23 (1984), S. 2157-2172 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The effects of organic solvents on the 31P-mr chemical shifts of various phosphate diesters have been investigated in water and mixed-organic solvent systems. The addition of organic solvents to cyclic phosphates and to diethyl phosphate causes large upfield shifts of the phosphorus resonance which are attributed to solvent-induced changes in the local hydration of the phosphodiester group. This is consistent with the fact that there is an inverse correlation between the hydrogen-bond-donating ability of the solvents and the magnitude of the shifts they induce. Other possible interpretations, such as solvent-induced ion pairing and solvent-induced conformational changes, appear to be eliminated. Fourier-transform ir study of the cyclic nucletides reveals that there are also large solvent-induced shifts in the frequency of the antisymmetric OPO stretching frequency, and a comparison of the two types of measurements indicates that there is a linear correlation between shifts observed in the ir and in the 31P-nmr spectra. With UpU, the solvent-induced 31P-nmr shifts are ∼3 times smaller than those observed with the cyclic phosphates and the solvent-induced shift of the OPO band is reduced (factor of ∼1.7) as compared with the cyclic phosphates. With the single-stranded polynuclotides, poly(C) and poly(U), the solvent-induced shifts in both the nmr and ir are quite small (∼0.1 ppm and ∼1 cm-1). The very small solvent effects observed with poly(U) and poly(C) are attributed to a combination of steric effects and a polyelectrolyte effect which maintains a high density of counterions with waters of hydration in the vicinity of the charged backbone and makes the phosphates much less susceptible to solvent-induced changes in hydration.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360231105
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Macromolecular conformation studies by variable temperature 13C and 29SI-NMR magic angle spinning (1984)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 7 (1984), S. 63-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 24 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1984.020071984105
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antioxidant mechanisms of hindered amine light stabilizersHindered amine light stabilizers are frequently referred to simply as HALS.Issued as NRCC # 23446. (1984)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 8 (1984), S. 79-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Secondary and tertiary hindered amines of the piperidyl type and many other piperidyl compounds can protect various polymers against oxidations initiated by light, heat and ionizing radiation. These amines stabilize by being converted to a series of products which can scavenge with high stoichiometry the main radicals responsible for the oxidative chain. This high stoichiometry results from the cyclical regeneration of the scavenging piperidyl species. The efficiency of the hindered amines as antioxidants in polyolefins is enhanced by their ability to associate with the unstable oxidized domains in which photo- and thermal oxidations will eventually reinitiate. Secondary amines can also slowly decompose intramolecularly hydrogen bonded hydroperoxide groups of the type found in polypropylene. This process may destroy the unstable oxidation product before the hydroperoxide can re-initiate oxidation and also generates another powerful antioxidant, a hydroxylamine. Despite the cyclical regeneration of active piperidyl radical scavengers, side reactions can produce non-scavenging products or even photo-initiators which will progressively accumulate and strangle the antioxidant activities.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1984.020081984107
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigations of water and high energy radiation interactions in an epoxy (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 29 (1984), S. 311-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and infrared spectroscopy (IR) have been used to study the crosslinked epoxy system tetraglycidyl-4,4′-diaminodiphenyl methane cured with diaminodiphenyl sulfone. Samples cured at various temperatures were soaked in distilled water for extended periods or irradiated with 0.5 Me V electrons and 60Co gamma. DSC results show that the standard-cured (137°C for 2 h and 160°C for 5 h) dry samples have a Tg around 190°C and a large exothermic reaction at about 260°C. The latter is attributed to further reaction of curing agent with the epoxide rings. The exothermic energy is about 124 cal/g for an uncured specimen, 42 cal/g for standard cured specimen, and 20 cal/g for soaked samples containing 4% H2O. The exothermic energy is shown to decrease monotonically with the ionizing radiation dosage. IR results show a reduction in the intensity of the epoxide band as the exothermic energy is decreased.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1984.070290129
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acrylic terpolymer-PVC blends with improved properties (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 29 (1984), S. 3421-3430 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Adhesive sealant compositions with improved properties and enhanced outdoor resistance were prepared by blending acrylic terpolymer (AT) with PVC. The morphology of these blends was studied by SEM, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA), and DSC. The blends are heterogeneous. They consist of a continuous phase, which is either pure or mixed. AT, and a particulate phase having the morphology of the added component. The particulate phase of AT-PVC contains mixed AT. The AT-PVC blends have improved mechanical properties (e.g., ultimate tensile strength, adhesive strength, etc.). The improvement in mechanical properties is strong, probably because the added PVC has strong specific interaction capabilities with AT. Whereas the unblended AT has very low outdoor durability, the AT-PVC blends display enhanced resistance to weathering, as evidenced by substantially higher ultimate tensile strength of weathered specimens than those of the controls (unweathered).
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1984.070291119
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic and thermogravimetric analysis of the thermal oxidative degradation of flame-retardant polyestersIssued as NRCC no. 22961. (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 29 (1984), S. 911-923 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Untreated and flame-retarded poly(ethylene terephthalate) fabrics have been subjected to thermogravimetric analysis in air at several heating rates between 0.1°C/min and 100°C/min. The data have been analyzed using a variety of methods to obtain kinetic parameters for the sequential stages in the thermal degradation process. The data obtained reveal that the phosphorous-only flame retardants do not significantly effect the degradation kinetics. The two bromine-containing flame retardants, however, are capable of modifying the degradation kinetics, with the Dacron 900F material being responsible for a beneficial condensed-phase effect while the TRIS-treated sample is responsible for reduced activation energies and more rapid weight loss.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1984.070290319
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