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  • Humans  (70)
  • AIRCRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
  • 1980-1984  (101)
  • 1975-1979
  • 1984  (101)
  • 1
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    Bimodal distribution of dopamine receptor densities in brains of schizophrenics (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-08-17
    Description: The dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia was examined by measuring the density of dopamine receptors in the postmortem brains of 81 control subjects and 59 schizophrenics from four different countries. The densities of dopamine receptors in the tissues from the schizophrenic patients had a bimodal distribution in the caudate nucleus, putamen, and nucleus accumbens. One mode occurred 25 percent above the control density, and a second mode occurred at a density 2.3 times that of the control density for all three regions. Although almost all the patients had been medicated with neuroleptics, the two modes had the same dissociation constant for the labeled ligand used, suggesting that the neuroleptic doses were similar for the two populations of schizophrenics. The results thus provide direct evidence for two distinct categories of schizophrenia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Seeman, P -- Ulpian, C -- Bergeron, C -- Riederer, P -- Jellinger, K -- Gabriel, E -- Reynolds, G P -- Tourtellotte, W W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Aug 17;225(4663):728-31.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6147018" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antipsychotic Agents/pharmacology ; *Brain Chemistry/drug effects ; Caudate Nucleus/analysis ; Dopamine/physiology ; Humans ; Nucleus Accumbens/analysis ; Putamen/analysis ; Receptors, Dopamine/*analysis/drug effects ; Schizophrenia/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Induction of pituitary lactotrope differentiation by luteinizing hormone alpha subunit (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-11-02
    Description: Addition of gonadotropin releasing hormone to cultures of fetal rat pituitary induced differentiation of lactotropes as revealed by immunocytochemistry. Antiserum to luteinizing hormone (LH) (recognizing native LH), but not antiserum to LH-beta (recognizing both native LH and its beta subunit), inhibited this induction. Further addition of highly purified LH-alpha subunit in culture medium also induced lactotrope differentiation. Thus, the alpha subunit may have a specific biological activity of its own with probable practical use in clinical investigations.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Begeot, M -- Hemming, F J -- Dubois, P M -- Combarnous, Y -- Dubois, M P -- Aubert, M L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 2;226(4674):566-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6208610" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Fetus/physiology ; Glycoprotein Hormones, alpha Subunit ; Humans ; Luteinizing Hormone/immunology/pharmacology/physiology ; Peptide Fragments/*pharmacology/physiology ; Pituitary Gland/*drug effects/growth & development ; Pituitary Hormone-Releasing Hormones/pharmacology ; Pituitary Hormones, Anterior/*pharmacology/physiology ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Virus persists in beta cells of islets of Langerhans and is associated with chemical manifestations of diabetes (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-06-29
    Description: Molecular hybridization, monoclonal antibody, and electron microscopic analyses showed lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (strains Armstrong and WE) persistently infecting cells of the islets of Langerhans in BALB/WEHI mice. When monoclonal or monospecific antibody conjugated with two different fluorochrome dyes was used to mark insulin-containing beta cells or viral antigens, viral nucleoprotein was identified predominantly in beta cells. Electron microscopy confirmed these findings by showing virions budding from the beta cells. Persistent infection was associated with chemical evidence of diabetes (hyperglycemia, abnormal glucose tolerance, and normal or low-normal concentrations of insulin). Concentrations of cortisol and insulin-like growth factor in blood were normal, as was the level of growth hormone in the pituitary gland. The virus-infected islet cells showed normal anatomy and cytomorphology. Neither cell lysis nor inflammatory infiltrates were routinely seen. Thus a virus may persistently infect islet cells and provide a biochemical and morphological picture comparable to that of early adult-onset diabetes mellitus in humans.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Oldstone, M B -- Southern, P -- Rodriquez, M -- Lampert, P -- AG-04342/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- AI-09484/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jun 29;224(4656):1440-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6203172" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Diabetes Mellitus/*microbiology/physiopathology ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Humans ; Insulin/secretion ; Islets of Langerhans/*microbiology/physiopathology/ultrastructure ; Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus/*metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Microscopy, Electron ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; RNA/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Lymphokine production by cultured human T cells transformed by human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus-I (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-02-17
    Description: Cell-free conditioned media from human T cells transformed by human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus (HTLV-I) were tested for the production of soluble biologically active factors, including several known lymphokines. The cell lines used were established from patients with T-cell leukemia-lymphoma and from human umbilical cord blood and bone marrow leukocytes transformed by HTLV-I in vitro. All of the cell lines liberated constitutively one or more of the 12 biological activities assayed. These included macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), leukocyte migration inhibitory factor (LIF), leukocyte migration enhancing factor (MEF), macrophage activating factor (MAF), differentiation inducing factor (DIF), colony stimulating factor (CSF), eosinophil growth and maturation activity (eos. GMA), fibroblast activating factor (FAF), gamma-interferon and, in rare instances, T-cell growth factor (TCGF). Some cell lines produced interleukin 3 (IL-3), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), or B-cell growth factors (BCGF). Such cells should prove useful for the production of lymphokines and as sources of specific messenger RNA's for their genetic cloning.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Salahuddin, S Z -- Markham, P D -- Lindner, S G -- Gootenberg, J -- Popovic, M -- Hemmi, H -- Sarin, P S -- Gallo, R C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Feb 17;223(4637):703-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6320367" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Antigens, Neoplasm/analysis ; Bone Marrow ; Cell Line ; *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cells, Cultured ; Deltaretrovirus/*genetics ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia/*microbiology ; Lymphokines/*biosynthesis ; Lymphoma/*microbiology ; Phenotype ; Pregnancy ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-I) antibodies in Africa (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-09-28
    Description: Antibodies specific for human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus type I (HTLV-I) were demonstrated in serum samples from various groups of people in South Africa, Uganda, Ghana, Nigeria, Tunisia, and Egypt. The samples had been collected for other purposes and were presumably selected without bias toward clinical conditions associated with HTLV infections. Regional differences in antibody positivity were observed, indicating widely distributed loci of occurrence of HTLV on the African continent in people of both black and white ancestry. Two patients with high titers of antibody to HTLV-I had some signs of adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma. In several groups a high frequency of false positive serum reactions was indicated when specific confirmation steps were included in the assay. Further characterization of these sera revealed highly elevated immunoglobulin levels, possibly due to polyclonal activation of immunoglobulin synthesis in these subjects. The possibility that related cross-reactive human retroviruses coexist in the same groups was not eliminated.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Saxinger, W -- Blattner, W A -- Levine, P H -- Clark, J -- Biggar, R -- Hoh, M -- Moghissi, J -- Jacobs, P -- Wilson, L -- Jacobson, R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Sep 28;225(4669):1473-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6089348" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Africa ; African Continental Ancestry Group ; Antibodies, Viral/*analysis ; Burkitt Lymphoma/immunology ; Cross Reactions ; Deltaretrovirus/*immunology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; European Continental Ancestry Group ; False Positive Reactions ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphoma/immunology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retroviridae/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Saccharomyces cerevisiae produces a yeast substance that exhibits estrogenic activity in mammalian systems (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-06-08
    Description: Partially purified lipid extracts of Saccharomyces cerevisiae contain a substance that displaces tritiated estradiol from rat uterine cytosol estrogen receptors. The yeast product induces estrogenic bioresponses in mammalian systems as measured by induction of progesterone receptors in cultured MCF-7 human breast cancer cells and by a uterotrophic response and progesterone receptor induction after administration to ovariectomized mice. The findings raise the possibility that bakers' yeast may be a source of environmental estrogens.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Feldman, D -- Stathis, P A -- Hirst, M A -- Stover, E P -- Do, Y S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jun 8;224(4653):1109-11.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6372097" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Assay ; Breast Neoplasms/metabolism ; Estradiol/metabolism ; Estrogens/*biosynthesis/pharmacology ; Female ; Humans ; Mice ; Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*metabolism ; Uterus/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Postnatal modification of hippocampal circuitry alters avoidance learning in adult rats (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-07-06
    Description: In rats and mice, the genetically mediated extent of the mossy fiber projection that synapses on the basal dendrites of hippocampal pyramidal cells is inversely correlated with rate of two-way avoidance (shuttle-box) learning. Postnatal hyperthyroidism, induced in 51 rat pups, resulted in marked variations of this infrapyramidal mossy fiber projection. The number of trials required for criterion performance of these rats in adulthood remained correlated with the neuroanatomical trait (r = 0.74, P less than 0.0001).〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lipp, H P -- Schwegler, H -- Driscoll, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Jul 6;225(4657):80-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6729469" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Animals, Newborn/physiology ; Avoidance Learning/*physiology ; Hippocampus/drug effects/*physiology ; Humans ; Hyperthyroidism/physiopathology ; Male ; Pyramidal Tracts/drug effects/physiology ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Isolation, structure, and synthesis of a human seminal plasma peptide with inhibin-like activity (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-03-16
    Description: A basic peptide isolated from pooled human seminal plasma exhibited inhibin-like activity by suppressing pituitary follicle-stimulating hormone secretion in vitro and in vivo. The peptide has been characterized and sequenced, and a 31-amino-acid synthetic replicate showed full biological activity in vitro.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ramasharma, K -- Sairam, M R -- Seidah, N G -- Chretien, M -- Manjunath, P -- Schiller, P W -- Yamashiro, D -- Li, C H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Mar 16;223(4641):1199-202.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6422553" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Amino Acids/analysis ; Animals ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/secretion ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/antagonists & inhibitors ; Humans ; Inhibins/*isolation & purification/pharmacology ; Luteinizing Hormone/secretion ; Male ; Mice ; Molecular Weight ; Peptides/chemical synthesis/isolation & purification ; Pituitary Gland/secretion ; *Prostatic Secretory Proteins ; Proteins/chemical synthesis/*isolation & purification/pharmacology ; Rats ; Semen/*analysis ; Seminal Plasma Proteins
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Molecular weight determinations of proteins by californium plasma desorption mass spectrometry (1984)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1984-11-09
    Description: The plasma desorption mass spectrometry method is used to determine the molecular weights of larger molecules than before, to determine the molecular weights of proteins and peptides in mixtures, and to monitor protein modification reactions. Proteins up to molecular weight 25,000 can now be studied with a mass spectrometric technique. Protein-peptide mixtures that could not be resolved with conventional techniques were successfully analyzed by this technique. The precision of the method is good enough to permit one to follow the different steps in the conversion of porcine insulin to human insulin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sundqvist, B -- Roepstorff, P -- Fohlman, J -- Hedin, A -- Hakansson, P -- Kamensky, I -- Lindberg, M -- Salehpour, M -- Sawe, G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1984 Nov 9;226(4675):696-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6387912" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Californium ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Humans ; Insulin ; Mass Spectrometry/*methods ; *Molecular Weight ; *Proteins ; Swine
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Energy Efficient Engine (E3) combustion system component technology performance report (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The Energy Efficient Engine (E3) combustor effort was conducted as part of the overall NASA/GE E3 Program. This effort included the selection of an advanced double-annular combustion system design. The primary intent of this effort was to evolve a design that meets the stringent emissions and life goals of the E3, as well as all of the usual performance requirements of combustion systems for modern turbofan engines. Numerous detailed design studies were conducted to define the features of the combustion system design. Development test hardware was fabricated, and an extensive testing effort was undertaken to evaluate the combustion system subcomponents in order to verify and refine the design. Technology derived from this effort was incorporated into the engine combustion hardware design. The advanced engine combustion system was then evaluated in component testing to verify the design intent. What evolved from this effort was an advanced combustion system capable of satisfying all of the combustion system design objectives and requirements of the E3.
    Keywords: AIRCRAFT PROPULSION AND POWER
    Type: NASA-CR-168274 , NAS 1.26:168274 , R82AEB401
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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