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  • GEOPHYSICS  (171)
  • INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY  (59)
  • FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
  • SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE
  • 1985-1989
  • 1980-1984  (320)
  • 1984  (320)
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  • 1985-1989
  • 1980-1984  (320)
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  • 1
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    Impact of Thematic Mapper Sensor Characteristics on Classification Accuracy (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2014-09-13
    Beschreibung: A three factor (spectral, spatial, and radiometric resolution), two level (TM and MSS) analysis of variance (ANOVA) approach allowed evaluation of the effects of each factor individually and in all possible combinations. Digital classification accuracy was used as the figure of merit. Nine study sites in Washington, D.C. each of approximately 256 x 256 TM pixels, were randomly selected from the full scene for analysis. These results strongly suggest that the quantization level improvements and the addition of new spectral bands in the visible and middle IR regions (both afforded by the TM sensor design) can result in improved capabilities to accurately delineate land cover categories using a per point Gaussian maximum likelihood classifier. On the other hand, results indicate that the increase in spatial resolution to 30m does not significantly enhance classification accuracy. The spatial result points to an inherent limitation of a per point classifier and to the need to improve data analysis techniques to handle high spatial resolution data.
    Schlagwort(e): INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Materialart: LANDSAT-4 Sci. Invest. Summ., Including Dec. 1983 Workshop Results, Vol. 2; p 93-97
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Observations of the dynamics of the polar thermosphere (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-18
    Beschreibung: The dynamics of the polar thermosphere are examined by using observations made from the Dynamics Explorer 2 satellite. The results used in this study were obtained primarily from the Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) and the wind and temperature spectrometer (WATS) during the time period from September 1981 through January 1982. Two primary geophysical conditions were examined: these were the southern summer and the northern winter polar regions. The results support the conclusion that above 60 degrees of latitude the neutral winds are strongly controlled by ion/neutral frictional momentum transfer resulting from magnetospheric convection. This implies that the natural coordinate system within which to display the neutral winds in the high polar thermosphere is magnetic. The collected observations of this study were used to assess the validity of two of the large thermospheric general circulation models. The result of this assessment was that the models reasonably represent the vector winds at high altitudes but do not, at present, accurately simulate the thermodynamics of that regime.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 89; 5597-561
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    The variability of stratospheric and mesospheric NO2 in the polar winter night observed by LIMS (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-18
    Beschreibung: The LIMS experiment sounded the upper atmosphere from late October 1978 to late May 1979 and provided vertical profiles of atmospheric temperature, 03, H2O, HNO3, and NO2. Radiance averaging was used before retrieval to measure the altitude distribution of NO2 over the altitude range from the lower stratosphere into the mesosphere. Observations in the polar winter night region northward of about 70 deg N reveal NO2 levels near 175 ppbv at about 70 km, and they show a significant longitudinal variability (factor of 4 to 7). A definite temporal trend exists, showing a buildup of mesospheric and stratospheric NO2 during the polar night and a subsequent slowing of the increase of decline after sunlight returns, depending on altitude. The data represent the first experimental evidence that the thermosphere is an NO(x) source for the mesosphere and stratosphere.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 89; 7267-727
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    The validation of Nimbus 7 LIMS measurements of ozone (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-18
    Beschreibung: Approximately seven and one half months of stratospheric ozone profiles have been processed from the LIMS (Limb Infrared Monitor of the Stratosphere) experiment on the Nimbus 7 satellite. Data profiles cover the stratosphere and mesosphere from 100 to 0.1 mbar and from 84 degrees N to 64 degrees S latitude. Topics covered include the ozone channel characteristics, precision, systematic uncertainties, and comparisons with data from balloon and rocket underflights, Umkehr soundings, and Dobson measurements. Comparisons with Dobson total ozone are made by integrating combined LIMS plus balloon profiles. The estimated on-orbit precision is 0.02-0.16 ppmv. Simulations of the experiment indicate potential systematic uncertainties ranging from 15 percent in the 1-mbar region to an upper limit of 40 percent at 100 mbar and 0.1 mbar. Results are well within the uncertainties for the correlative sensors themselves. LIMS detects significant vertical structure in the ozone profile even below the ozone mixing ratio peak. Several other comparisons showing good agreement are noted.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 89; 5161-517
    Format: text
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  • 5
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    Spectroscopy and transmittances for the LIMS experiment (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-18
    Beschreibung: The Limb Infrared Monitor of the Stratosphere (LIMS) instrument on the Nimbus 7 spacecraft sensed limb emission profiles for 7 months, starting in October 1979. Vertical temperature profiles are inferred from measurements in two CO2 channels, and constituent profiles are obtained form the O3, HNO3, NO2, and water vapor channels. The line parameters used to calculate transmittances in the retrieval algorithm are presented. Their adequacy for LIMS and for other applications are assessed, and recommendations for future investigations are outlined.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 89; 5141-514
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    The earth radiation budget derived from the Nimbus 7 ERB experiment (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-18
    Beschreibung: The earth radiation budget as determined from the ERB experiment aboard the Nimbus-7 polar-orbiting satellite is presented in the form of time-latitude cross sections, hemispherically and globally averaged time plots, and annual global averages for the time period spanning November 1978 through October 1979. Comparisons are made between results derived from the fixed wide-field-of-view (WFOV) radiometers and those derived from the scanning narrow-field-of-view (NFOV) radiometers. While there is excellent agreement in regard to the spatial and temporal variations, the absolute magnitudes differ. The NFOV yields outgoing longwave fluxes and albedos that are about 4W/sq m and 2.5 percent, respectively, greater than those derived from the WFOV sensors. Also, limited simultaneous comparisons are made between ERB results and those from the AVHRR on the NOAA-7 operational satellite.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 89; 4997-501
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    The 3D inelastic analysis methods for hot section components (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-06-07
    Beschreibung: Advanced 3-D inelastic structural/stress analysis methods and solution strategies for more accurate and yet more cost-effective analysis of combustors, turbine blades, and vanes are being developed. The approach is to develop four different theories, one linear and three higher order with increasing complexities including embedded singularities. Progress in each area is reported.
    Schlagwort(e): FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Materialart: NASA. Lewis Research Center Turbine Engine Hot Section Technology, 1984; 3 p
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 8
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    Validation of water vapor results measured by the Limb Infrared Monitor of the Stratosphere experiment on Nimbus 7 (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-06-28
    Beschreibung: In the LIMS experiment using thermal IR limb scanning to sound the composition and structure of the upper atmosphere, one of the LIMS channels was spectrally centered at 6.9 micrometers to measure the vertical profile and global distribution of stratospheric water vapor. This channel's characteristics, the data from it, and the steps taken to validate results are described. The mean difference between the LIMS measurements and data from 13 balloon underflights is about 0.6 ppmv with LIMS mixing ratios biased high; this difference is of about the same order as estimated LIMS accuracy and less than the sum of the errors for LIMS and the balloon techniques. In-orbit precision is 0.2-0.3 ppmv and accuracy is estimated at 20-30 percent from 50 mbar to the stratopause. An unexplained diurnal variation exists in the vertical profile data which is largest at the 1-mbar level and virtually nonexistent at 10 mbar; day values are higher than night. More confidence is placed in zonal mean distributions averaged over several days than in single profiles. A zonal mean pressure-latitude cross section is described for January 5-9, 1979.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 89; 5115-512
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    Operational modules for space station construction (1984)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-06-28
    Beschreibung: Identification of an effective space construction concept is a current objective of NASA studies. One concept, described in this memorandum, consists of repetitive use of operational modules, which minimizes on-orbit stay time for the shuttle. A space station constructed of operational modules may benefit from fabrication and system checkout in ground-based facilities, and since the modules are the primary structure of the space station, a minimum of additional structure, and trips and on-orbit stay time of the shuttle are required.
    Schlagwort(e): SPACECRAFT DESIGN, TESTING AND PERFORMANCE
    Materialart: NASA-TM-85772 , NAS 1.15:85772
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    The 'North American shale composite' - Its compilation, major and trace element characteristics (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-06-28
    Beschreibung: North American shale composite (NASC) major element composition and compilation are presented, together with rare earth element (REE) redeterminations obtained by high precision analytical methods. The major element composition of the NASC compares closely with other average shale compositions, and significant portions of the REE and some other trace elements are contained in minor phases. The uneven REE distribution in NASC powder appears to yield the heterogeneity in analyzed aliquants. REE distributions of detrital sediments may to some extent be dependent on their minor mineral assemblages and the sedimentological factors controlling these assemblages.
    Schlagwort(e): GEOPHYSICS
    Materialart: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (ISSN 0016-7037); 48; 2469-248
    Format: text
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