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  • Articles  (71)
  • Other Sources
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (71)
  • Physics
  • 1995-1999
  • 1980-1984  (71)
  • 1984  (71)
  • Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics  (71)
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  • Articles  (71)
  • Other Sources
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  • 1995-1999
  • 1980-1984  (71)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 29 (1984), S. 311-318 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and infrared spectroscopy (IR) have been used to study the crosslinked epoxy system tetraglycidyl-4,4′-diaminodiphenyl methane cured with diaminodiphenyl sulfone. Samples cured at various temperatures were soaked in distilled water for extended periods or irradiated with 0.5 Me V electrons and 60Co gamma. DSC results show that the standard-cured (137°C for 2 h and 160°C for 5 h) dry samples have a Tg around 190°C and a large exothermic reaction at about 260°C. The latter is attributed to further reaction of curing agent with the epoxide rings. The exothermic energy is about 124 cal/g for an uncured specimen, 42 cal/g for standard cured specimen, and 20 cal/g for soaked samples containing 4% H2O. The exothermic energy is shown to decrease monotonically with the ionizing radiation dosage. IR results show a reduction in the intensity of the epoxide band as the exothermic energy is decreased.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 29 (1984), S. 3421-3430 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Adhesive sealant compositions with improved properties and enhanced outdoor resistance were prepared by blending acrylic terpolymer (AT) with PVC. The morphology of these blends was studied by SEM, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA), and DSC. The blends are heterogeneous. They consist of a continuous phase, which is either pure or mixed. AT, and a particulate phase having the morphology of the added component. The particulate phase of AT-PVC contains mixed AT. The AT-PVC blends have improved mechanical properties (e.g., ultimate tensile strength, adhesive strength, etc.). The improvement in mechanical properties is strong, probably because the added PVC has strong specific interaction capabilities with AT. Whereas the unblended AT has very low outdoor durability, the AT-PVC blends display enhanced resistance to weathering, as evidenced by substantially higher ultimate tensile strength of weathered specimens than those of the controls (unweathered).
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 29 (1984), S. 911-923 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Untreated and flame-retarded poly(ethylene terephthalate) fabrics have been subjected to thermogravimetric analysis in air at several heating rates between 0.1°C/min and 100°C/min. The data have been analyzed using a variety of methods to obtain kinetic parameters for the sequential stages in the thermal degradation process. The data obtained reveal that the phosphorous-only flame retardants do not significantly effect the degradation kinetics. The two bromine-containing flame retardants, however, are capable of modifying the degradation kinetics, with the Dacron 900F material being responsible for a beneficial condensed-phase effect while the TRIS-treated sample is responsible for reduced activation energies and more rapid weight loss.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 29 (1984), S. 3131-3145 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Lap shear adhesion between laminated sheets of polycarbonate and styrene/acrylonitrile copolymers exhibits a sharp maximum when the acrylonitrile content of the copolymers is in the range of 25-27% by weight. Observations of shifts in glass transitions of the two phases in melt-mixed polycarbonate/SAN blends suggest partial miscibility of one polymer in the other, and this solubility is at a maximum when the SAN copolymer has an acrylonitrile content in the same range causing maximum adhesion. Mechanical properties of injection-molded blends of polycarbonate with various SAN copolymers were also best when the acrylonitrile content was the same as that giving maximum adhesion. The partial miscibility behavior in blends as a function of acrylonitrile content of the copolymer is explained qualitatively in terms of a simple binary interaction model.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 29 (1984), S. 2719-2734 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Polystyrenes containing up to about 20 mol % sulfonic acid are reproducibly and readily prepared by the sulfonation of polystyrene at 50°C with acetyl sulfate in 1,2-dichloroethane solution. The metal salts of sulfonated polystyrene possess extremely high melt viscosities and are soluble in single solvents such as toluene and THF only at very low sulfonate levels. Such properties are the result of the very strong ion-dipole interactions among the metal sulfonate groups. Such strong interactions can be substantially reduced through the neutralization of the sulfonic acid with ammonia and, most especially, relatively simple low molecular weight amines. Sulfonated polystyrenes varying in sulfonic acid content from about 1 mol % to about 20 mol % were neutralized with various mono-, di-, and tri-substituted alkyl amines ranging in alkyl chain length from H (ammonia) to C20, and their rheological and thermal properties were measured. As the number of substituents on the nitrogen increased, the glass transition temperature and the melt viscosity decreased. The tributylamine sulfonates possessed viscosities almost as low as unsulfonated polystyrene and the longer chain amines behaved as if internally plasticized. The properties of amine neutralized sulfonated polystyrenes are concluded to be primarily a function of amine size. Increasing the size of the amine reduces the strength of the ion-dipole interaction by preventing close approach of the amine sulfonate groups.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 29 (1984), S. 3409-3420 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Tensile experiments on polypropylene and various rubber-modified polypropylenes, conducted over a wide range of temperatures and strain rates, have shown that the ductile-brittle transition in these highly crystalline polymers is strongly affected by both temperature and strain rate. Such polymers can either craze or shear yield, depending on the temperature and rate of test. High temperatures and low strain rates favor shear yielding, while low temperatures and high strain rates promote crazing. The ductile-brittle transition of these polymers may be understood as due to an alteration in deformation mode, as proposed by Matsushige et al. The competition between crazing and shear yielding dictates the subsequent failure mode. The dependence of the ductile-brittle transition on the test and material parameters (such as temperature, strain rate, pressure, orientation, notching, and plasticizer) may be ascribed to the respective influences of these parameters on crazing relative to shear yielding.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 29 (1984), S. 329-339 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Poly(butyl acrylate) has been graft copolymerized onto casein using potassium peroxydisulfate-ascorbic acid as the initiating system. The proof of grafting has been obtained by ninhydrin test and IR studies. The effects of synthetic variables in the graft copolymerization have been discussed in the light of percent grafting, grafting efficiency, and the rates of polymerization.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 15 (1984), S. 399-401 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Grip °and Specimen Heating-System for Fatigue Tests at the Temperature-Range 20 °C 〈 T 〈 600 °CA grip and specimen heating system for fatigue tests is presented. The equipment is easily to handle, long-time stable and available up to a test-temperature of 600 °C also with inert environment. Specimens can be fixed without bending moments.
    Notes: Es wird eine einfach zu handhabende, momentenfrei spannende, langzeitstabile und bis etwa 600 °C Versuchstemperatur einsetzbare Probeneinspann- und Heizvorrichtung vorgestellt, die sich bei Dauerschwingversuchen auch unter inerten Umgebungsbedingungen vorzüglich bewährt hat.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 35 (1984), S. 266-272 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Einfluß von Silicium und Yttrium auf die Verzunderung austenitischer FeCrNi-Legierungen bei thermischer WechselbeanspruchungMit Hilfe von thermogravimetrisch und aufgrund der Resonanzfrequenz erhaltenen Ergebnissen sowie der Gefügeanalyse wird der Einfluß von Silicium- und/oder Yttrium-Zusätzen zu Fe 24 Cr 24 Ni auf das Oxidationsverhalten bei thermischer Wechselbeanspruchung untersucht. Silicium begünstigt danach die Bildung eines schützenden Chromoxidzunders, jedoch kann die Ansammlung einer mechanisch schwachen, siliciumreichen Oxidschicht an der Zunder/Metall-Grenzfläche zum Abplatzen des Zunders führen. Yttrium allein beeinflußt das Oxidationsverhalten nur geringfügig; zusammen mit Silicium verhindert es jedoch die Bildung der genannten siliciumreichen Zwischenoxidschicht. Die Temperaturänderung, die erforderlich ist, um den Zunder zum Abplatzen zu bringen und die schützende Wirkung aufzuheben, dient als Maß für die mechanische Integrität der entstandenen Zunderschicht. Die Fähigkeit von Legierungen, auch bei häufigem Temperaturwechsel rasch schützende Zunderschichten zu bilden und Schäden der Zunderschicht im Laufe längerer isothermischer Behandlung zum Ausheilen zu bringen, werden getrennt untersucht.
    Notes: Data obtained using thermogravimetric and resonant frequency techniques and the results of structural analysis are used to evaluate the effects on oxidation of silicon and/or yttrium additions to an Fe-24% Cr-24% Ni alloy tested under thermal cycling conditions. Silicon promotes the formation of a protective chromia scale, but the accumulation of a mechanically weak, silicon-rich oxide at the scale-metal interface eventually leads to scale spalling. Yttrium alone is found to have little influence on the rate of alloy degradation, but in alloys containing silicon its presence prevents the accumulation of the interfacial silicon-rich oxide layer. The temperature change required to cause scale failure and loss of protection to the substrate material is used as a measure of the mechanical integrity of the scales formed. The ability of alloys to form scales rapidly under conditions of frequent thermal cycling and to repair damage caused to a scale grown over a prolonged period of isothermal exposure are separately examined.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 35 (1984), S. 489-500 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Cathodic corrosion protection and corrosion protection coatings in sea-waterIt is a common method to protect ship hulls and underwater constructions against corrosion by multi-layer organic coatings with additional cathodic protection (impressed current, sacrificial anodes).In practice, however, the organic coatings are susceptible to blistering under the conditions of cathodic protection, and as a consequence the effectivity of the passive corrosion protection becomes questionable.In a parameter study with chlorinated rubber an attempt was made at evaluating the influence of the formulation-pigments, extenders, plasticizers, solvents, pigment volume concentration, drying time, film thickness, shop-primer (with/without) - on the tendency to blistering.For the laboratory tests scheduled for up to 18 months' duration an automatic testing equipment was installed in which the coated panels-mild steel, 100 × 150 × 3 mm3-were held in areated synthetic sea water (according ASTM D 1141-75) with simultaneous cathodic protection potentials of UH = -850 and -950 mV.On the basis of the results of this study it is possible to formulate chlorinated rubber coatings resistant to blistering even at overprotection potentials down to UH = -950 mV.The results of this study, however, can not or only with much reservation be transferred to other vehicles such as epoxy, PUR and PVC-copolymers.Factors affecting blistering are discussed.
    Notes: Stand der Technik ist, Schiffe und Unterwasserbauten mit einer mehrschichtigen Korrosionsschutzbeschichtung aus organischen Beschichtungsstoffen zu versehen und mit kathodischem Korrosionsschutz (galvanische Anoden, Fremdstrom) auszurüsten. In der Praxis hat sich gezeigt, daß die Korrosionsschutzbeschichtungen unter den Bedingungen des kathodischen Korrosionsschutzes zu Blasenbildung neigen und damit die Maßnahmen des passiven Korrosionsschutzes in Frage stellen können.In einer Parameterstudie mit dem Bindemittel Chlorkautschuk wurde geklärt, welchen Einfluß die Rezeptur (Formulierung)-Pigmente, Füllstoffe, Weichmacher, Lösungsmittel, Pigmentvolumenkonzentration, Trocknungszeit, Schichtdicke, mit/ohne Fertigungsbeschichtung-auf die Blasenbildung hat.Für die Laborversuche mit Prüfzeiten bis zu 18 Monaten wurde eine automatisch arbeitende Prüfeinrichtung geschaffen, in welcher die beschichteten Probeplatten-unlegierter Stahl, 100 × 150 × 3 mm3-in belüftetem künstlichem Meerwasser nach ASTM D 1141-75 unter den Bedingungen des kathodischen Schutzes bei Schutzpotentialen von UH = -850 und -950 mV geprüft wurden.Bei Anwendung der Ergebnisse der Parameterstudie lassen sich mit dem Bindemittel Chlorkautschuk Beschichtungsaufbauten formulieren, die selbst bei einem kathodischen Überschutz von bis zu UH = - 950 mV keine Blasen bekommen.Die Ergebnisse lassen sich auf andere Bindemittel-Epoxid, PUR and PVC-Mischpolymerisat-nicht oder nut eingeschränkt übertragen.Faktoren, die zur Blasenbildung führen, werden diskutiert.
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