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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The spatial and velocity distribution of shocked gas in the Orion molecular cloud has been studied in detail through observations of near-infrared and middle-infrared H2 lines. It is argued that the observed structure requires either an asymmetric outflow or an inhomogeneous ambient molecular cloud, and that the second explanation appears the more likely. It is suggested that mild activity by IRc9, such as a T Tauri type wind or FU Orionis type flare, would be consistent with its apparent nature and could have caused the necessary density structure in the cloud.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X); 281; 205-208
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Maps of the H2 emission from the bipolar nebulae CRL 2688 and CRL 618 are presented, along with a map of the 2.1-micron continuum emission from CRL 2688. The H2 emission is seen in the direction of the lobes of each nebula and not in between the lobes. From the distribution of the H2 and continuum emission, it is argued that the H2 is excited in shock waves produced in the lobes of the visible nebulae by fast winds from the central stars which overtake slower moving material lost in a slow wind during the red-giant phase of each object. These shocks may be similar to those seen in Herbig-Haro objects. The mass-loss rates for the fast winds in each object are estimated from the H2 data, and a brief discussion is given of the origin of these winds.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X); 280; 648-652
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: An outline is given of LIMS temperature determinations (as a function of pressure) from measurements in two channels covering portions of the 15-micrometer band of carbon dioxide. The known sources of error from the radiometer and data reduction are used to estimate the systematic and random errors expected of the results. Observational determinations of the complete end-to-end precision are obtained by computing the standard deviation of six sequential temperature retrievals in regions where the atmosphere is horizontally uniform. This yields values of 0.2 to 0.6 K, in reasonable agreement with the estimates. A correction for horizontal gradients in the atmosphere leads to a large reduction in the differences between the stratospheric temperatures determined on the ascending and descending portions of the orbit. The temperatures agree in the mean with radiosondes and rocketsondes to within 1-2 K in most regions below 1 mbar. Several interesting, previously unseen features included cold regions in the mid-latitude mesosphere and wavelike vertical variations in the tropics.
    Keywords: SPACECRAFT INSTRUMENTATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research (ISSN 0148-0227); 89; 5147-516
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Observations of infrared hydrogen recombination line emission are presented for several positions within the galaxies NGC 1068, NGC 1097, NGC 2903, and NGC 4151. Emission is seen from the arms and nuclei of these spiral galaxies. The luminosity from the most recent burst of star formation is deduced and compared to the infrared luminosity which accounts for the bulk of the total energy. Young stars (primarily O and B stars) provide most of the luminosity in the arms and nuclei of the normal galaxies NGC 1097 and NGC 2903. The infrared luminosities of the nuclei in the Seyfert galaxies NGC 1068 and NGC 4151 exceed those provided by young stars by factors of approximately 10.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X); 279; 563-566
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  • 5
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    In:  Other Sources
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The B-alpha and B-gamma lines of atomic hydrogen have been observed at eight positions near the nucleus of NGC 253 with 6 arcsec spatial resolution. Most if not all of the bolometric luminosity of the central 200 pc of this galaxy is probably produced by O and B stars which have recently formed. The spatial distribution of the line fluxes is similar to that of the 10 microns flux, supporting the hypothesis that the 10 microns radiation is powered by the newly formed stars. The extinction to the ionized gas varies over small distances in this region, explaining the discrepancies between extinction and Lyman continuum luminosity derived separately from visual and infrared line observations.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Royal Astronomical Society, Monthly Notices (ISSN 0035-8711); 207; 671-677
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