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  • Male  (64)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (64)
  • 1990-1994  (30)
  • 1980-1984  (34)
  • 1993  (30)
  • 1982  (34)
Collection
Keywords
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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (64)
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  • 1990-1994  (30)
  • 1980-1984  (34)
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  • 1
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    Genotypic and phenotypic characterization of HIV-1 patients with primary infection (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-08-27
    Description: Better characterization of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) in patients with primary infection has important implications for the development of an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) vaccine because vaccine strategies should target viral isolates with the properties of transmitted viruses. In five HIV-1 seroconverters, the viral phenotype was found to be uniformly macrophage-tropic and non-syncytium-inducing. Furthermore, the viruses were genotypically homogeneous within each patient, but a common signature sequence was not discernible among transmitted viruses. In the two cases where the sexual partners were also studied, the sequences of the transmitted viruses matched best with minor variants in the blood of the transmitters. There was also a stronger pressure to conserve sequences in gp120 than in gp41, nef, and p17, suggesting that a selective mechanism is involved in transmission.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhu, T -- Mo, H -- Wang, N -- Nam, D S -- Cao, Y -- Koup, R A -- Ho, D D -- AI24030/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI25541/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI27742/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Aug 27;261(5125):1179-81.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, New York University School of Medicine, NY 10016.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8356453" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Female ; Gene Products, gag/chemistry/genetics ; Genes, Viral ; Genotype ; Giant Cells/physiology ; HIV Antigens/chemistry/genetics ; HIV Envelope Protein gp120/chemistry/*genetics ; HIV Envelope Protein gp41/chemistry/genetics ; HIV Infections/*microbiology/transmission ; HIV Seropositivity/microbiology ; HIV-1/chemistry/*genetics/*physiology ; Humans ; Macrophages ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phenotype ; Sequence Alignment ; Sexual Partners ; *Viral Proteins ; Virus Replication ; gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Effects of oral administration of type II collagen on rheumatoid arthritis (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-09-24
    Description: Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory synovial disease thought to involve T cells reacting to an antigen within the joint. Type II collagen is the major protein in articular cartilage and is a potential autoantigen in this disease. Oral tolerization to autoantigens suppresses animal models of T cell-mediated autoimmune disease, including two models of rheumatoid arthritis. In this randomized, double-blind trial involving 60 patients with severe, active rheumatoid arthritis, a decrease in the number of swollen joints and tender joints occurred in subjects fed chicken type II collagen for 3 months but not in those that received a placebo. Four patients in the collagen group had complete remission of the disease. No side effects were evident. These data demonstrate clinical efficacy of an oral tolerization approach for rheumatoid arthritis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Trentham, D E -- Dynesius-Trentham, R A -- Orav, E J -- Combitchi, D -- Lorenzo, C -- Sewell, K L -- Hafler, D A -- Weiner, H L -- AG00294/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- MO1 RR01032/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Sep 24;261(5129):1727-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Hospital, Boston, MA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8378772" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Administration, Oral ; Adult ; Aged ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid/*drug therapy/immunology ; Autoimmune Diseases/*drug therapy/immunology ; Collagen/*administration & dosage/adverse effects/therapeutic use ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; Humans ; Immune Tolerance ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Placebo Effect ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Mutation of unique region of Bruton's tyrosine kinase in immunodeficient XID mice (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-07-16
    Description: The cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase, Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk, formerly bpk or atk), is crucial for B cell development. Loss of kinase activity results in the human immunodeficiency, X-linked agammaglobulinemia, characterized by a failure to produce B cells. In the murine X-linked immunodeficiency (XID), B cells are present but respond abnormally to activating signals. The Btk gene, btk, was mapped to the xid region of the mouse X chromosome by interspecific backcross analysis. A single conserved residue within the amino terminal unique region of Btk was mutated in XID mice. This change in xid probably interferes with normal B cell signaling mediated by Btk protein interactions.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rawlings, D J -- Saffran, D C -- Tsukada, S -- Largaespada, D A -- Grimaldi, J C -- Cohen, L -- Mohr, R N -- Bazan, J F -- Howard, M -- Copeland, N G -- AR36834/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- N01-CO-74101/CO/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Jul 16;261(5119):358-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles 90024.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8332901" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; B-Lymphocytes/*enzymology/immunology ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Chromosome Mapping ; Crosses, Genetic ; Exons ; Female ; Genetic Linkage ; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes/enzymology/*genetics/immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Inbred CBA ; Mice, Inbred DBA ; Mice, Mutant Strains ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; *X Chromosome
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Hyperglycemia of diabetic rats decreased by a glucagon receptor antagonist (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-02-26
    Description: The glucagon analog [l-N alpha-trinitrophenylhistidine, 12-homoarginine]-glucagon (THG) was examined for its ability to lower blood glucose concentrations in rats made diabetic with streptozotocin. In vitro, THG is a potent antagonist of glucagon activation of the hepatic adenylate cyclase assay system. Intravenous bolus injections of THG caused rapid decreases (20 to 35 percent) of short duration in blood glucose. Continuous infusion of low concentrations of the inhibitor led to larger sustained decreases in blood glucose (30 to 65 percent). These studies demonstrate that a glucagon receptor antagonist can substantially reduce blood glucose levels in diabetic animals without addition of exogenous insulin.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Johnson, D G -- Goebel, C U -- Hruby, V J -- Bregman, M D -- Trivedi, D -- AM21085/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM25318/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Feb 26;215(4536):1115-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6278587" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/*drug therapy ; Glucagon/*analogs & derivatives/*antagonists & inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Hyperglycemia/*drug therapy ; Male ; Rats ; Receptors, Cell Surface/*drug effects ; Receptors, Glucagon ; Structure-Activity Relationship
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Sex and handedness differences in cerebral blood flow during rest and cognitive activity (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-13
    Description: Cognitive activity resulted in increased flow of blood to the cerebral hemispheres. The increase was greater to the left hemisphere for a verbal task and greater to the right hemisphere for a spatial task. The direction and degree of hemispheric flow asymmetry were influenced by sex and handedness, females having a higher rate of blood flow per unit weight of brain, and females and left-handers having a greater percentage of fast-clearing tissue, presumably gray matter.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gur, R C -- Gur, R E -- Obrist, W D -- Hungerbuhler, J P -- Younkin, D -- Rosen, A D -- Skolnick, B E -- Reivich, M -- MH 30456/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- NS-10939-09/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 13;217(4560):659-61.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089587" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Brain/metabolism/*physiology ; *Cerebrovascular Circulation ; *Cognition ; Female ; *Functional Laterality ; Humans ; Male ; Metabolic Clearance Rate ; Rest ; *Sex Characteristics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Gene dose of apolipoprotein E type 4 allele and the risk of Alzheimer's disease in late onset families (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-08-13
    Description: The apolipoprotein E type 4 allele (APOE-epsilon 4) is genetically associated with the common late onset familial and sporadic forms of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Risk for AD increased from 20% to 90% and mean age at onset decreased from 84 to 68 years with increasing number of APOE-epsilon 4 alleles in 42 families with late onset AD. Thus APOE-epsilon 4 gene dose is a major risk factor for late onset AD and, in these families, homozygosity for APOE-epsilon 4 was virtually sufficient to cause AD by age 80.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Corder, E H -- Saunders, A M -- Strittmatter, W J -- Schmechel, D E -- Gaskell, P C -- Small, G W -- Roses, A D -- Haines, J L -- Pericak-Vance, M A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Aug 13;261(5123):921-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, Joseph and Kathleen Bryan Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8346443" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aging ; *Alleles ; Alzheimer Disease/*genetics/metabolism/mortality ; Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism ; Apolipoprotein E4 ; Apolipoproteins E/*genetics/physiology ; Female ; *Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Male ; Risk Factors ; Survival Rate
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Thymic selection of cytotoxic T cells independent of CD8 alpha-Lck association (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-09-17
    Description: The CD8 alpha cytoplasmic domain associates with p56lck, a nonreceptor protein-tyrosine kinase. The biological relevance of CD8 alpha-Lck association in T cell development was tested with transgenic mice generated to express a CD8 alpha molecule with two amino acid substitutions in its cytoplasmic domain, which abolishes the association of CD8 alpha with Lck. The CD8 alpha mutant was analyzed in a CD8-/- background and in the context of the transgenic 2C T cell receptor. The development and function of CD8+ T cells in these mice were apparently normal. Thus, CD8 alpha-Lck association is not necessary for positive selection, negative selection, or CD8-dependent cytotoxic function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chan, I T -- Limmer, A -- Louie, M C -- Bullock, E D -- Fung-Leung, W P -- Mak, T W -- Loh, D Y -- AI 155322-13/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Sep 17;261(5128):1581-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine, Genetics, and Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8372352" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, CD4/metabolism ; Antigens, CD8/immunology/*metabolism ; *Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; Female ; Genes, MHC Class I ; Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed ; Lymphocyte Specific Protein Tyrosine Kinase p56(lck) ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; Mutation ; Phosphorylation ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*metabolism ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Double-blind pilot trial of oral tolerization with myelin antigens in multiple sclerosis (1993)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-02-26
    Description: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is thought to be an autoimmune disease mediated by T lymphocytes that recognize myelin components of the central nervous system. In a 1-year double-blind study, 30 individuals with relapsing-remitting MS received daily capsules of bovine myelin or a control protein to determine the effect of oral tolerization to myelin antigens on the disease. Six of 15 individuals in the myelin-treated group had at least one major exacerbation; 12 or 15 had an attack in the control group. T cells reactive with myelin basic protein were reduced in the myelin-treated group. No toxicity or side effects were noted. Although conclusions about efficacy cannot be drawn from these data, they open an area of investigation for MS and other autoimmune diseases.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weiner, H L -- Mackin, G A -- Matsui, M -- Orav, E J -- Khoury, S J -- Dawson, D M -- Hafler, D A -- NS23132/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS24247/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Feb 26;259(5099):1321-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7680493" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/analysis ; Autoantigens/*administration & dosage ; Double-Blind Method ; Female ; HLA-DR2 Antigen/genetics ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Immune Tolerance ; Male ; Multiple Sclerosis/genetics/*therapy ; Myelin Basic Protein/immunology ; Myelin Sheath/immunology ; Pilot Projects ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Asian bull elephants: Flehmen-like responses to extractable components in female elephant estrous urine (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-07-09
    Description: Flehmen-like responses (urine tests) are one of the characteristic behavioral reactions of male Asian elephants (Elephants maximus) to cow elephants in estrus. Components of the urine of estrous cow elephants were extracted with organic solvents and partially purified by chromatography and shown to evoke Flehmen-like responses when they were presented to adult bulls.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Rasmussen, L E -- Schmidt, M J -- Henneous, R -- Groves, D -- Daves, G D Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Jul 9;217(4555):159-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7089549" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Elephants/anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Estrus Detection ; Female ; Male ; Pheromones/*urine ; Sex Attractants/isolation & purification/*urine ; *Sexual Behavior, Animal
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Leukotriene D4: a potent coronary artery vasoconstrictor associated with impaired ventricular contraction (1982)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1982-08-27
    Description: Leukotriene D4 (2 c 10(-9) mole), injected into the left circumflex coronary artery of anesthetized sheep, produced profound coronary vasoconstriction and impaired regional ventricular wall motion. This cardiac effect was neither inhibited by prior treatment of the sheep with a cyclooxygenase inhibitor nor associated with thromboxane B2 release into the coronary sinus. Intravenous FPL 55712 completely abolished the coronary vasoconstriction of leukotriene D4, but a significant reduction of regional wall shortening persisted.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Michelassi, F -- Landa, L -- Hill, R D -- Lowenstein, E -- Watkins, W D -- Petkau, A J -- Zapol, W M -- HL23591/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1982 Aug 27;217(4562):841-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6808665" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Chromones/pharmacology ; Coronary Circulation/drug effects ; Coronary Vessels/*drug effects ; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors ; Female ; Heart Ventricles/drug effects ; Ibuprofen/pharmacology ; Male ; Myocardial Contraction/drug effects ; SRS-A/*pharmacology ; Sheep ; Thromboxane B2/metabolism ; Vasoconstriction/*drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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