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  • Physics  (54)
  • Aircraft Stability and Control
  • FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
  • GENERAL
  • 1980-1984  (86)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1981  (86)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 1980-1984  (86)
  • 1955-1959
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of monomer functional groups on the composition of some three component random phenolic copolymers (1981)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 19 (1981), S. 3005-3012 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Some three-component random phenolic copolymers were prepared from three typical phenolic monomers; for example, p-chlorophenol, p-aminophenol, and p-cresol. Several samples of the copolymer were prepared by changing the feed composition and the composition of the copolymers was established by estimating —NH2 and —OH groups by electrometric titration techniques in nonaqueous media. Halogen was estimated by Volhard's method. The average degree of polymerization (DP) of the copolymers was calculated from the features of the electrometric titration curves, and the effects of monomer functional groups on the composition of the copolymers were interpreted in terms of the electron-donating and electron-attracting nature of the substituents present in the monomers.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1981.170191132
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
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    Interplanetary magnetic clouds at 1 AU (1981)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Magnetic clouds are defined as regions with a radial dimension approximately 0.25 AU (at 1 AU) in which the magnetic field strength is high and the magnetic field direction changes appreciably by means of rotation of one component of B nearly parallel to a plane. The magnetic field geometry in such a magnetic cloud is consistent with that of a magnetic loop, but it cannot be determined uniquely. Forty-five clouds were identified in interplanetary data obtained near Earth between 1967 and 1978; at least one cloud passed the Earth every three months. Three classes of clouds were identified, corresponding to the association of a cloud with a shock, a stream interface, or a CME. There are approximately equal numbers of clouds in each class, and the three types of clouds might be different manifestations of a coronal transient. The magnetic pressure inside the clouds is higher than the ion pressure and the sum is higher than the pressure of the material outside of the cloud.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-TM-82114
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    An analytical tool for simulating Large AMplitude Propellant Slosh (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The development of a multiple-mass, nonlinear, finite-element analytical model - the Large AMplitude Propellant Slosh model (LAMPS) in two- and three-dimensional versions, is described. The model is used in predicting the forces on the Space Shuttle external tank caused by large amplitude motion of propellant fluid. Comparisons between measured propellant reorientation forces and those predicted by the LAMPS models are presented, and it is concluded that the model provides a cost effective, experimentally verified approach to a complicated nonlinear problem.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: AIAA PAPER 81-0500 , Conference on Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials; Apr 06, 1981 - Apr 08, 1981; Atlanta, GA
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Measurement of forces due to liquid motion in a propellant tank (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: This paper presents the results of a study to develop an analytical model capable of predicting the forces acting on a tank caused by large-amplitude propellant motion. This effort contributed to an analysis of the influence of propellant dynamics on separation of the External Tank from the space shuttle orbiter. This paper is concerned with an experimental investigation that aided in development and verification of the analytical model. A scaling approach was developed that allowed the liquid motion to be simulated in subscale tanks. Liquid reorientation forces were measured using two test systems. One operated in the low-gravity environment produced in a drop tower and the second operated aboard the KC-135 'zero-g' test aircraft. The manner of liquid motion, influence of various factors, and the measured forces are discussed.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: AIAA PAPER 81-0566 , Conference on Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials; Apr 06, 1981 - Apr 08, 1981; Atlanta, GA
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Mechanism of instabilities in turbulent combustion leading to flashback (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: High-speed schlieren cinematography, combined with synchronized pressure transducer records, was used to investigate the mechanism of combustion instabilities leading to flashback. The combustion chamber had an oblong rectangular cross-section to model the essential features of planar flow, and was provided with a rearward facing step acting as a flameholder. As the rich limit was approached, three instability modes were observed: (1) humming - a significant increase in the amplitude of the vortex pattern; (2) buzzing - a large-scale oscillation of the flame; and (3) chucking - a cyclic reformation of the flame, which results in flashback. The mechanism of these phenomena is ascribed to the action of vortices in the recirculation zone and their interactions with the trailing vortex pattern of the turbulent mixing layer behind the step.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: AIAA PAPER 81-0107 , Aerospace Sciences Meeting; Jan 12, 1981 - Jan 15, 1981; St. Louis, MO
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vinyl polymerization initiated by peroxydiphosphate. III. Polymerization of methyl methacrylate initiated by a peroxydiphosphate-silver ion redox system (1981)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 19 (1981), S. 2111-2113 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1981.170190823
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cationic polymerizations by aromatic initiating systems. V. Oxidation and chlorination of α,ω-diphenylpolyisobutylene and subsequent reaction with living polystyrene anions to form block copolymers (1981)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 19 (1981), S. 2737-2744 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: α,ω-Diphenylpolyisobutylenes produced by the Clt-R-Clt/ø3Al initiating system have been derivatized. Model chloromethylation of t-butylbenzene by CH3OCH2Cl in chloroform indicated that beyond ca. 35% yield significant alkylative side reactions occurred. Phenyl end groups (average 1.5 per chain) and unsaturated chain ends (from proton elimination) have been converted to carboxyl end groups by oxidation with RuO4 in chloroform. Subsequently the carboxyl end groups were converted to acyl chloride termini by reaction with SOCl2. The latter end groups were coupled with living polystyryl anions to form isobutylene-styrene blcok copolymers.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1981.170191108
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Water-soluble copolymers. III. Dextran-g-poly(acrylamides) control of grafting sites and molecular weight by Ce(IV)-induced initiation in homogeneous solutions (1981)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 19 (1981), S. 2229-2241 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Model graft copolymers were synthesized by grafting acrylamide onto dextran (Mw = 500,000) utilizing an initiation method in which a Ce(IV)/HNO3 solution was added to the dextran solution in order to allow coplexation prior to monomer addition. Three synthetic reaction parameters were optimized on the basis of conversion and solution viscosity: monomer concentration, dextran concentration, and nitric acid concentration. Molar ratios of [Ce(IV)]/[dextran] were changed systematically to affect the number and length of the acrylamide grafts. The number of grafting sites and graft chain lengths, determined by selective hydrolysis of the carbohydrate backbone, were in good agreement with those theortically predicted from knowledge of initiation efficiency and monomer conversion. Rheological studies of the model graft copolymers were conducted in aqueous solutions as a function of temperature, added salt, and copolymer concentration.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1981.170190909
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectral and thermodynamic studies of the interaction of binding site probes with poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (1981)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 19 (1981), S. 2427-2441 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The binding of two ionic azo dyes (4-phenylazo-1-naphthol mono-and disulfonate) and a fluorescent probe (2-p-toluidinonaphthalene-6-sulfonic acid, TNS) to poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) was studied to obtain information on the nature of the interaction, binding isotherm, and binding site. Sorption of the dyes followed a Langmuir isotherm only at low polymer saturation. Apparent cooperativity in binding was seen at higher saturation. The polymer had a higher intrinsic binding constant but lower binding capacity for the doubly charged dye than for the structurally similar singly charged dye. Both dyes consisted of tautomeric mixtures of hydrazone and azonaphthol forms in equilibrium in the bound and unbound state. The preferential binding of the azonaphthol tautomer of the disulfonate was highly exothermic and accompanied by an entropy decrease. The binding of the hydrazone form was less favored by 1.8 kcal/mol, was weakly exothermic, and accompained by an entropy increase. Increased preference for the azonaphthol tautomer accompanied chain extension from charging the polymer. Chain extension had no effect on the emission frequency of bound TNS. Large differences in binding capacities for similarly charged dyes indicated the existence of specific dye-site interactions. Arguments are presented against nonspecific hydrophobic interactions as predominant forces responsible for binding.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1981.170191006
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cationic polymerization by aromatic initiating systems. IV. Synthesis and characterization of α-ω-diphenylpolyisobutyleneA preliminary report concerning this research has appeared: J. P. Kennedy and D. Y. L. Chung, Polym. Prepr. Am. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Chem., 21, 150 (1980). (1981)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 19 (1981), S. 2729-2735 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The polymerization of isobutylene using ø3Al coinitiator and the tertiary chlorides tert.-butyl chloride (t-BuCl) and 2,6-dichloro-2,6-dimethylheptane (Clt-R-Clt) initiators has been studied. Polymerization rates with the t-BuCl/ø3Al and Clt-R-Clt/ø3Al initiating systems were high in the -20 to -70°C range. Yields and molecular weights increased with decreasing temperature. As predicted by model experiments the extent of phenylation increases with decreasing temperatures. According to spectroscopic evidence the polyisobutylenes carry phenyl end groups.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1981.170191107
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