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  • Triticum aestivum  (5)
  • Pisum
  • Springer  (7)
  • Springer Science + Business Media
  • 1980-1984  (7)
  • 1975-1979
  • 1981  (7)
Collection
Publisher
  • Springer  (7)
  • Springer Science + Business Media
Years
  • 1980-1984  (7)
  • 1975-1979
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Planta 152 (1981), S. 234-238 
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: ATP and nitrite reduction ; Glucose-6-phosphate ; Nitrite reduction ; Pisum ; Plastids, nitrite reduction ; Root, plastids ; Triticum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Excised wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and field pea (Pisum arvense L.) roots, incubated under anaerobic conditions or in the presence of uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation [2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), carbonylcyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone, pentachlorophenol] accumulated nitrite as a result of an inhibition of nitrite reduction. In isolated root plastids, nitrite reduction was dependent on a supply of glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) and did not require ATP. The estimated Km value for glucose 6-phosphate was 1.25 mM. Glucose and fructose-1,6-diphosphate were ineffective substrates for nitrate reduction. Anaerobic conditions and treatment with DNP, which would result in a cessation of ATP production by the mitochondria and a stimulation of glycolysis via the “Pasteur effect”, were shown to decrease the G6P content of excised roots of wheat and pea. A negative correlation was observed between the level of G6P and nitrite accumulation on root tissues. It is proposed that an interruption in the supply of G6P to the root plastid under these conditions would result in an inhibition of nitrite reduction leading to nitrite accumulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Chloroplast (membrane ultrastructure) ; Mutants (chloroplast structure) ; Pisum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The ultrastructural organization and the photosynthesis reactions of chloroplast membranes were studied in three lethal mutants of Pisum sativum, Chl-1, Chl-19 and Chl-5, all lacking the capacity to evolve oxygen. The rates of 2,6-dichloroindophenol reduction, delayed fluorescence and electron-spin-resonance signal 1 indicate that Chl-1 and Chl-19 have an impaired activity in photosystem II (PS II), while in Chl-5 the electron transport is blocked between PS I and the reactions of CO2 fixation. Ultrathin sectioning demonstrates the presence of giant grana in the chloroplasts of Chl-1 and Chl-19, while the chloroplast structure of the Chl-5 is very similar to that of the wild-type. The grana of the Chl-19 mutant contain large multilamellar regions of tightly packed membranes. When the chloroplast membranes were studied by freeze-fracture, the exoplasmic and protoplasmic fracture faces (EF and PF, respectively) in both stacked and unstacked membranes were found to show large differences in particle concentrations and relative population area (per μm2), and also in particle size distribution, between all mutant chloroplast membranes and the wild-type. A close correlation between increasing kmt (ratio of particle concentrations on PF/EF) and PS II activity was observed. The differences in particle concentrations on both fracture faces in different regions of the intact chloroplast membranes of the wild-type are the consequence of a rearrangement of existing membrane components by lateral particle movements since quantitative measurements demonstrate almost complete conservation of intramembrane particles in number and size during the stacking of stroma thylakoid membranes. The results indicating particle movements strongly support the concept that the chloroplast membranes have a highly dynamic structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 59 (1981), S. 153-160 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Mitochondrial heterosis ; Mitochondrial complementation ; Triticum aestivum ; Hordeum vulgare ; Zea mays
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Two families each of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) were studied for mitochondrial heterosis and in vitro mitochondrial complementation. Inbred parents and their hybrids were compared for seedling heights and rate of oxygen uptake by the whole tissue to find out if the hybrids showed greater growth and respiratory activity at the seedling stage. Further comparisons were made by isolating mitochondria from the seedling tissues and measuring their ADP∶0 ratio, respiratory control ratio and cytochrome c oxidase activity for mitochondrial heterosis. Mixtures of parental mitochondria were similarly compared with parental and hybrid mitochondria for in vitro mitochondrial complementation. No evidence for mitochondrial heterosis or in vitro mitochondrial complementation was found, nor any correlation between the different mitochondrial parameters, seedling heights or rates of oxygen uptake by seedling tissue. The suggested use of mitochondrial heterosis and in vitro mitochondrial complementation for plant breeding is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 59 (1981), S. 313-316 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; Wheat ; Puccinia graminis ; Stem rust resistance ; Monosomic analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Using monosomic analysis genes governing resistance in one wheat variety, ‘E5883’, against stem rust races 15C and 122, were located on specific chromosomes. Against race 15C, a major dominant gene, Sr6, was located on chromosome 2D of ‘E5883’ with minor modifiers found on chromosomes 4A and 6D. Against race 122, the presence of a recessive hemizygous ineffective gene, Sr8, was identified, located on chromosome 6A of variety ‘E5883’.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Euphytica 30 (1981), S. 589-591 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; bread wheat ; Puccinia graminis tritici ; stem rust ; genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Euphytica 30 (1981), S. 153-160 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; spring wheat ; parent selection ; cross prediction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary It is supposed that k variables have been measured on each of m potential parents, and that the aim is to produce a base population for which the mean values are as close as possible to an ideal genotype. A least-squares estimation procedure for the parent proportions is presented and the determination of the closest practical solution is considered. It is shown that an enumeration procedure for finding the best practical solution, which is applicable in most situations, is simpler and more flexible than the least-squares method. A proposed symbolic presentation of the results of an analysis highlights the strengths and deficiencies of a set of parents and indicates which parents may complement one another.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Triticum aestivum ; bread wheat ; gibberellin insensitivity ; cultivar classification according to Rht genotype
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The two semi-dwarfing genes Rht1 and Rht2 from Norin 10 have now been incorporated in successful varieties in use in most major wheat growing areas. The more potent dwarfing gene, Rht3, from Tom Thumb has been used in a limited way. These genes may be identified and classified by assessing the associated character of GA-insensitivity in the progeny from test crosses. This paper describes these classifications in the CIMMYT, Mexican, PBI, Cambridge and Indian breeding programmes and for a number of other international varieties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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