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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (5)
  • Auxin  (2)
  • Parthenocarpy  (2)
  • Catecholamine and serotonine metabolism  (1)
  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • entropy balance equation Boltzmann equation
  • 1980-1984  (10)
  • 1982  (6)
  • 1980  (4)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 1980-1984  (10)
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copolymerization of β-pinene with styrene oxide and N-vinylpyrrolidone (1982)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 20 (1982), S. 1279-1285 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The copolymerization of β-pinene with styrene oxide (SO) and β-pinene with N-vinylpyrrolidone (VP) was investigated by using SnCl4 in dichloromethane diluent at low temperature. Monomer reactivity ratios were evaluated for both copolymers at -80°C; these are r1(SO) = 2.979 and r2(β-pinene) = 0.002 and r1(VP) = 0.096 and r2(β-pinene) = 0.294.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1982.170200511
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fruit-set of unpollinated ovaries of Pisum sativum L. (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 147 (1980), S. 444-450 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Abscisic acid ; Auxin ; Cytokinin ; Decapitation ; Fruit-set ; Gibberellin ; Parthenocarpy ; Pisum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The influence of removing the apical shoot and different leaves above and below the flower on the fruit-set of unpollinated pea ovaries (Pisum sativum L. cv. Alaska) has been studied. Unpollinated ovaries were induced to set and develop either by topping or by removing certain developing leaves of the shoot. Topping had a maximum effect when carried out before or on the day of anthesis, and up to four consecutive ovaries were induced to set in the same plant. The inhibition of fruit-set was due to the developing leaves and not to the apex. The third leaf above the first flower, which had a simultaneous development to the ovary, had the stronger inhibitory effect on parthenocarpic fruit-set. The application of different plant-growth regulators (indoleacetic acid, naphthylacetic acid, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, gibberellic acid, benzyladenine and abscisic acid) did not mimic the negative effect of the shoot.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00380186
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fruit-set of unpollinated ovaries of Pisum sativum L. (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 147 (1980), S. 451-456 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Abscisic acid ; Auxin ; Fruit-set ; Gibberellin ; Parthenocarpy ; Pisum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The development of parthenocarpic fruits of Pisum sativum L. cv. Alaska was induced by the application of different plant-growth regulators in aqueous solution to the emasculated ovaries in untopped plants. At least one compound in each of the groups of auxins (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid), cytokinins (benzyladenine), and gibberellins (gibberellic acid) was found active. Gibberellic acid (GA3), however, was the only substance which produced pods similar to those of fruits with seeds. The length of the pods obtained by GA3 was a linear function of the logarithm of the concentration of GA3 in the solution. The effect of GA3 (at a concentration which produced 50% of the maximum pod length) was enhanced by a simultaneous application of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Abscisic acid (ABA) counteracted the effect of GA3 and of topping. The results suggest that gibberellins and ABA may exert a major regulatory control in natural fruit-set. Peas can be used for the assay of fructigenic activity and is an advantageous material for the study of the mode of action of gibberellins on fruit-set.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00380187
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A kinetic derivation of extended irreversible thermodynamics (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 29 (1982), S. 387-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Extended irreversible thermodynamics ; relaxation times ; constitutive equations ; conserved and nonconserved variables ; entropy balance equation Boltzmann equation ; moment method ; Burnett equations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The basic postulates of the extended irreversible thermodynamics are derived from the kinetic model for a dilute monoatomic gas. Using the Grad 13-moment method to solve the full nonlinear Boltzmann equation for molecules conceived as soft spheres we obtain the microscopic expressions for the entropy flux, the entropy production, and the generalized Pfaffian for the extended definition of entropy as required by such a theory. Some of the physical implications of these results are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01020794
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vinylkationen, 36. Solvolyse von Cycloalkylidenmethyl- und 1-Cyclopenten-1-yl-triflaten (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 115 (1982), S. 772-782 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Vinyl Cations, 36. Solvolysis of Cycloalkylidenemethyl and 1-Cyclopenten-1-yl TriflatesCyclohexlidenemethyl triflate (2), cyclobutylidenemethyl triflate (5), 1-cyclopenten-1-yl triflate (7), bicyclo [3.1.0]hex-2-en-2-yl triflate (9), 1-cyclobutylideneethyl triflate (19), and 2-methyl-1-cyclopenten-1-yl triflate (29) were solvolyzed in solvents of various ionizing power and nucleophilicity and the solvolysis products were identified. The cyclobutylidenealkyl triflates solvolyze via a vinyl cation mechanism involving ion pairs with rearrangement to cyclopentene and cyclopentanone compounds. The 1-cyclopenten-1-yl triflates do not produce vinyl cation intermediates but give only the corresponding ketones via an O—S bond cleavage of the triflate group.
    Notes: Cyclohexylidenmethyl-triflat (2), Cyclobutylidenmethyl-triflat (5), 1-Cyclopenten-1-yl-triflat (7), Bicyclo[3.1.0]hex-2-en-2-yl-triflat (9), 1-Cyclobutylidenethyl-triflat (19) und 2-Methyl-1-cyclopenten-1-yl-triflat (29) wurden in Lösungsmitteln verschiedener Ionisierungsstärke und Nucleophilie solvolysiert und die Solvolyseprodukte aufgeklärt. Die Cyclobutylidenalkyl-triflate solvolysieren über Ionenpaarmechanismen (Vinylkationen) unter Umlagerung zu Cyclopenten- und Cyclopentanon-Derivaten. Die 1-Cyclopenten-1-yl-triflate reagieren nicht über Vinylkationen als Zwischenstufe, sondern unter O—S-Spaltung zu den entsprechenden Ketonen.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19821150238
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The cationic polymerization of 2-alkenylfurans, 2Part 1: cf.5. A side reaction leading to polyunsaturated products (1982)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 183 (1982), S. 2399-2413 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A spectroscopic and conductimetric study of the cationic polymerization of 2-vinylfuran (1) and 2-methyl-5-venylfuran (2) showed the existence of an important side reaction originating from a hydride-ion shift from an unsaturated polymer molecule to an active species. The resulting allylic carbocation, in equilibrium with a doubly unsaturated polymer molecule, can react further and the repetition of the mechanism on progressively more conjugated species leads to the formation of a series of highly charge-delocalized carbenium ions absorbing throughout the visible region of the spectrum (and giving high electrical conductivity) and of neutral polyconjugated polymer molecules. Since the hydride-ion abstraction occurs from the tertiary carbon atom of the vinylic chain, vinylidene polymers of monomers such as 2-isopropenylfuran (3) and 2-isopropenyl-5-methylfuran (4) are not susceptible to it. Indeed, their cationic polymerization proceeds without colour formation and conductivity increase.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1982.021831010
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neurochemical studies on catecholamines and indoleamines by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (1982)
    Springer
    Chromatographia 16 (1982), S. 112-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Reversed-phase HPLC ; Electrochemical detection ; Catecholamine and serotonine metabolism ; Tryptamine effect in CNS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary This communication reports the HPLC separation and quantitative ECD assay of dopamine (DA) and its metabolites DOPAC and HVA, 5-HT and its metabolite 5-HIAA and the noradrenaline metabolites MHPG and VMA, in samples of rat brain extracts and human CSF. The separation is carried out by reversed-phase with a methanolic phosphate/citrate buffer as mobile phase. Response is linear within 10pg-20 ng. Rat brain homogenates of cortex plus striatum were centrifuged and 10–20 μl aliquots injected in the column. CSF samples were directly injected without any further manipulation. The method has been applied to the study of the possible neuromodulating role of T on the catecholaminergic and serotonergic transmission. For this purpose rats are injected intraperitoneally (ip) with T (150 mg/kg) and killed after 30 min. Relative to control rats, the results show that for n=12, T does not affect the basal level of DA and DOPAC whereas HVA increases a 99.3% and 5HT and 5HIAA show variations of 23% and — 4.1%, respectively. Aside from the fall of 5HIAA, it is interesting to note that the turnover rate of 5HT decreases, which might prove of functional significance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02258880
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new look at the crystallization of polyethylene. II. Crystallization from the melt at low supercoolings (1982)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 20 (1982), S. 1717-1732 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: This article is part of the general project laid out in Part I (ref. 9) and is concerned with obtaining information on primary (unthickened) crystals of polyethylene formed at low supercoolings. For this, a technique had to be devised by which crystallization could be speeded up so as to eliminate or at least reduce lamellar thickening. Indeed we were able to increase the rate of crystallization by an order of magnitude using a technique which we have called enhanced self-nucleation. Using this technique we find that when viewed under an optical microscope, spherulites crystallize uniformly over the field of view, and not, as is usual, by a radial growth process. Isothermal crystallization in bulk linear polyethylene has been studied by means of the enhanced self-nucleation technique as a function of crystallization time by using Raman LAM and melting points to assess variations of fold length Data have been obtained at very much shorter times than before. At short times, we find a constant fold length; at longer times the crystals thicken linearly with the logarithm of time. Values of the initial fold length for crystallization temperatures between 118 and 130°C are presented. Associated with the thickening at short times we find an induction time which increases with temperature.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1982.180200921
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conference report (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Fire and Materials 4 (1980), S. 60-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 0308-0501
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fam.810040112
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of the tacticity on thermal degradation of PVC. IV. Degradation in solution in comparison with degradation at solid state (1980)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 18 (1980), S. 505-513 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Four fractions of PVC were obtained by successive extractions with appropriate solvents from PVC samples prepared in bulk at 60, 40, 0, and -50°C. Then they were carefully characterized, especially as far as stereoregularity is concerned. The samples were submitted to thermal degradation both at solid state and as solutions in dioctyl phthalate. The type of the polyene sequence distribution in degraded samples was determined by both the UV-visible spectroscopy and the number of chain scissions resulting from the ozonization reaction. The degradation rate was proved to rise together with the syndiotactic sequence content in agreement with results in Parts I-III, obtained only with degradation at solid state. On the other hand, The content of the long polyenes relative to that of the short polyenes in the degraded polymers was found to be higher, and the number of chain scissions through ozonization reaction lower, when the syndiotactic sequence content is high. These results enable us to conclude that the actual mechanism of the PVC thermal degradation depends markedly on the tacticity distribution regardless of whether the degradation occurs either at solid state or in solution.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1980.170180211
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