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  • Springer  (23)
  • Frontiers Media
  • 2015-2019
  • 1975-1979  (23)
  • 1950-1954
  • 1979  (23)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Insulated boots — Field and laboratory evaluation (1979)
    Springer
    Fire technology 15 (1979), S. 283-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8099
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Abstract Insulated and uninsulated boots for use by aircraft crash crew fire fighters were evaluated and compared for the protection, comfort, convenience, and durability they offer the wearer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02098677
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acute toxicity of some experimental road surfacing compounds toDaphnia pulex (1979)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 21 (1979), S. 618-623 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01685479
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photodegradation of mercaptopyridine-N-oxide biocides (1979)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 8 (1979), S. 355-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Mercaptopyridine-N-oxide biocides in dilute aqueous solution underwent rapid reductions in toxicity on exposure to sunlight, according to bioassays with marine algae and bacteria. After 5 to 10 h exposure at 100 ppm of the parent compound, a tertiary butylamine derivative or the disulfide dimer, ten-fold increases in bioassay concentrations were necessary to equal the toxicities of the unirradiated solutions. Ultraviolet spectral measurements indicated that pyridine-N-oxide 2-sulfonic acid was an early photolytic intermediate. This compound and other possible photo-products were much less toxic than the original biocides and were also susceptible to further light-induced degradation and toxicity loss. Another photodegradation pathway led to an insoluble product. Estimates of early photolysis rates from ultraviolet spectral measurements indicated that temperature, pH, and salinity, within normal environmental limits, were not important variables. Wavelengths of 320–355 nm were effective in producing photodegradation, and exposure under 24 cm of seawater had no effect on the photodegradation rate. In the absence of oxygen, toxicity loss rates of sunlight-exposed biocides were less than one-tenth of those in oxygenated water. In aqueous solutions, biocides exposed to air in the dark underwent relatively slow oxidative changes. The mercaptopyridine-N-oxide class of biocides has a potential use in controlling microbial growth in the dark for long periods and then degrading rapidly to non-toxic products when discharged into sunlit natural waters. Prevention of microbial contamination in shipboard fuel storage tanks may be a possible application for these compounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01056251
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    H-Y antigen: No evidence for alleles in wild strains of mice (1979)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 8 (1979), S. 213-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract H-Y antigen(s) coded or controlled by the Y chromosome in a variety of wild mouse strains have been compared with those of the inbred laboratory strains C57BL/6 (B6) and C57BL/10 (B10). H-Y antigen(s) were detected by H-2-restricted cytotoxic T cells from B6 and B10 female mice primed in vivo and boosted in vitro with syngeneic male spleen cells: There was no difference in the degree of H-Y specific lysis of male cells from the C57BL strains and of F1 hybrids or B6 congenic mice carrying the Y chromosome from the wild mouse strains examined. This result indicated that at the level of target cell specificity the H-Y antigen(s) from wild and laboratory strains were indistinguishable. H-Y antigen(s) were also found to be indistinguishable at the level of the in vitro induction of the anti H-Y cytotoxic response: F1 female mice, primed in vivo and boosted in vitro with homologous F1 male cells, all made H-Y-specific responses and where it could be examined, the target cell specificity of the anti-H-Y cytotoxic cells showed that B10 male cells as well as the homologous F1 male cells (where the Y chromosome was derived from the wild strain) were good targets. Finally, possible differences in H-Y transplantation antigens between the wild strains and the B10 laboratory strain were examined by grafting F1 male mice, the progeny of B10 females, and wild strain males with B10 male skin. These grafts were not rejected during an observation period of more than 9 months. Taken together, neither the cytotoxic data nor the skin graft data provide any evidence for allelism of H-Y even though the mouse strains examined were collected from widely disparate geographical locations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01561431
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of mouse genotype on interferon production (1979)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 8 (1979), S. 257-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Upon induction with Newcastle disease virus, peritoneal macrophages derived from C57BL/6 mice produced ten times as much interferon as macrophages derived from BALB/c mice. This suggested that the alleles of theIf-1 locus are expressed in vitro by these cells. Further evidence for this was obtained by studying interferon production by peritoneal macrophages derived from seven recombinant inbred and one congenic line: in each case there was complete correlation between in vivo and in vitro phenotype: macrophages fromIf-1l mice were low producers in vitro, and macrophages fromIf-1 h mice were high producers in vitro.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01561435
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purification and partial characterisation of a bovine kidney aminotripeptidase (capable of cleaving prolyl-glycylglycine) (1979)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 23 (1979), S. 45-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary An enzyme was purified 163-fold in an 8.2% yield from bovine kidney. The specific activities of the pure preparation against L-prolyl glycylglycine and L-alanyl glycylglycine were found to be 244.5 and 578 μ, Moles substrate hydrolyzed per min per mg protein respectively. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated on gel filtration to be 55,000. The isoelectric point was recorded to be pH 5.2. A preliminary study of substrate specificity showed that the enzyme preferentially hydrolyzed tripeptides of the type X-glycylglycine. The enzyme was tentatively identified as a tripeptide aminopeptidase (α aminoacyldipeptide hydrolase, EC 3.4.11.4).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00226678
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Introduction to the modelling of venereal disease (1979)
    Springer
    Journal of mathematical biology 8 (1979), S. 301-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1416
    Keywords: Mathematical modelling ; Venereal disease ; Gonorrhoea ; Criss-cross infection ; Nonhomogeneous mixing ; Asymptomatic infections ; Public health control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Mathematics
    Notes: Summary The continually rising trend in the incidence of venereal diseases, especially gonorrhoea, in a large number of countries, both developed and developing is causing considerable public health concern. There is a disquieting volume of human suffering involved, as well as large economic losses in treatment and hospitalization. The present paper reviews the existing state of development in the mathematical modelling of the relevant disease dynamics. The ‘criss-cross’ nature of the infections, which in heterosexual contacts switch between the male and female populations, together with the nonlinear form of the rate of spread normally occurring in infectious diseases, leads to special types of simultaneous nonlinear differential equations. The simplest deterministic models available entail threshold phenomena connecting the maintenance of endemic states to the contact-rates, the personto-person infection-rates, and the removal-rates. A few stochastic results are also available. Special attention is given to the aspects of nonhomogeneous mixing, analysis of contact-rates, infection without immunity, allowance for asymptomatic infection, the recognition of many different classes of infected individuals, and the problems of public health forecasting and control. In some cases transient solutions of the equations can be used to forecast future trends in disease incidence, depending on appropriate assumptions about alternative public health interventions. It is concluded that further mathematical work should be concentrated on relatively simple models comprising no more than three or four district epidemiological groups for each sex. There should be both (i) more intense mathematical investigations, and (ii) new attempts to assimilate the models directly to public health venereal disease control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00276315
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Do the tightly linked structural genes for nitrate and nitrite reductases in Aspergillus nidulans form an operon? Evidence from an insertional translocation which separates them (1979)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 174 (1979), S. 89-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Previous work (Rand and Arst, 1977) led to the proposal that the nis-5 mutation results in a new low activity promoter for niiA, the structural gene for nitrite reductase in Aspergillus nidulans. Expression of niiA via this promoter differs from expression of niiA via its normal promoter/initiator in that expression by the new promoter is not subject to nitrate induction or ammonium repression. nis-5 reduces but does not abolish niiA expression mediated by the normal promoter/initiator. In this work we show that nis-5 is associated with and is probably identical to a non-reciprocal translocation in which a considerable portion of the centromere proximal region of the right arm of linkage group II is inserted into linkage group VIII between niiA and niaD, the tightly linked, probably contiguous structural genes for nitrate reductase. This implies that niiA, along with its normal promoter/initiator, has been fused to a promoter normally in linkage group IIR but as yet unidentified by its normal rôle. Further, it indicates that niiA is transcribed from the niaD-proximal side. As niiA and niaD are separated by a large number of unrelated genes in nis-5 strains, we can safely conclude that expression of niiA does not occur solely by synthesis of a messenger which carries a niaD as well as a niiA transcript. Clearly, niiA and niaD do not form an operon for which a di-(or poly-), cistronic messenger be the only transcript. This is consistent with other experimental evidence which shows that the synthesis of nitrate and nitrite reductases are not coordinately regulated. Nevertheless, all of these data would also be consistent with a model in which niiA and niaD form an operontype structure having overlapping transcripts, one being di-(or poly-) cistronic and including both niiA and niaD and another being monocistronic for niiA. The reduced niiA expression mediated by the normal promoter/initiator in nis-5 strains could be a consequence of the functioning or positioning of the new linkage group II niiA promoter. An alternative, but not mutually exclusive, explanation would be that the insertional translocation prevents synthesis of a niiA niaD dicistronic transcript so that only that component of niiA expression which is due to a monocistronic niiA messenger can be induced by nitrate (and nitrite) in nis-5 strains. The apparently low activity of the new linkage group II promoter in comparison to the normal niiA promoter/initiator might betoken considerable efficiency of the latter rather than any particular lack of efficiency of the former. In addition, this work has involved extensive new mapping in linkage group II, including both mitotic mapping of the centromere and meiotic mapping of previously unlocated markers. A series of crosses including genotype combinations both heterozygous and homozygous for nis-5 has been used to map the break-points and orientation of the translocation. As one break-point is closer to the centromere of linkage group II than the most centromere proximal identified gene on the same (i.e. right) arm we showed that the position of the centromere, as defined by mitotic recombination, has not been affected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00433309
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cis-dominant regulatory mutations affecting the expression of GABA permease in Aspergllus nidulans (1979)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 169 (1979), S. 79-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In Aspergillus nidulans expression of the gabA gene, the probable structural gene for the γ-amino-n-butyrate (GABA) permease, is controlled by induction, via the intA gene, ammonium repression, mediated by the areA gene, and probably carbon catabolite repression. Regulatory mutations, tightly linked to gabA, were selected by reverting an areA-2 strain on GABA as nitrogen source. These mutations, gabI-1, gabI-2, and gabI-3 result in increased gabA expression and are cis-dominant in their effects on the gabA gene. Mapping data show that the regulatory mutations map on one side of all gabA- alleles tested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00267548
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Repetitive DNA in Escherichia coli: Multiple sequences complementary to small stable RNAs (1979)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 172 (1979), S. 339-343 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Radioactively labeled 4.5S, 6S, and 10S RNAs from Escherichia coli were hybridized to EcoRI fragments from the E. coli genome. Each of these molecules bound to more than one DNA fragment. Cot curve analysis of the kinetics of the annealing of these RNAs to denatured E. coli DNA suggests that the DNA corresponding to each of these molecules is reiterated in the genome. These experiments also suggest that these reiterated sequences are non adjacent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00271734
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