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  • Rhizobium  (8)
  • Pisum  (7)
  • Springer  (15)
  • Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
  • 1980-1984  (10)
  • 1975-1979  (5)
  • 1984  (10)
  • 1979  (5)
Collection
Publisher
  • Springer  (15)
  • Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
Years
  • 1980-1984  (10)
  • 1975-1979  (5)
Year
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Bacteroid ; Glycine (bacteroids) ; Denitrification ; Rhizobium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Nitrate, nitrite and nitrous oxide were denitrified to N2 gas by washed cells ofRhizobium japonicum CC706 as well as by bacteroids prepared from root nodules ofGlycine max (L.) Merr. (CV. Clark 63). Radiolabelled N2 was produced from either K15NO3 or Na15NO2 by washed cells ofRh. japonicum CC705 grown with either nitrate only (5 mM) or nitrate (5 mM) plus glutamate (10 mM). Nitrogen gas was also produced from N2O. Similar results were obtained with bacteroids ofG. max. The stoichiometry for the utilization of15NO 3 - or15NO 2 - and the produciton of15N2 was 2:1 and for N2O utilization and N2 production it was 1:1. Some of the15N2 gas produced by denitrification of15NO 3 - in bacteroids was recycled via nitrogenase into cell nitrogen.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Abscisic acid metabolites ; Dihydrophaseic acid ; Phaseic acid ; Pisum ; Water stress
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Seven day old seedlings of Pisum sativum L., cv. Kleine Rheinländerin, were wilted for 3 days. After partially removing the roots, they were rewatered and at the same time radioactive abscisic acid([1-14C]ABA, spec. activity 1.7·108d s-1mmol-1) was applied for 1 h via the xylem of the roots. After 24 h, 4 days, and 12 days the seedlings were extracted and the metabolites of ABA were analyzed by means of thin-layer and gas chromatography in combination with mass spectrometry, autoradiography, and scintillation counting. Phaseic acid (PA) and dihydrophaseic acid (DPA) were identified as metabolites of ABA. The presence of another ABA-metabolite was also demonstrated. From its mass spectrum it has been postulated that this metabolite is 4′-desoxy-ABA. In addition to these substances, several other metabolites, which are more polar than ABA and its known degradation products, were present in the seedlings. The quantity and number of these unknown metabolites increased with time.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Auxin transport ; Pisum ; Sink activity ; Temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The velocity and intensity of basipetal transport of 14C-labelled indol-3yl-acetic acid (IAA) applied to the apical bud of the intact pea plant were influenced by the temperature to which the stem was exposed and were not influenced by changes in the temperature of the root system when this was controlled independently between 5°C and 35°C. The velocity of transport increased steadily with temperature to a maximum in excess of 35°C and then fell sharply with further increase in temperature. The Q10 for velocity, determined from Arrhenius plots, was low (ca. 1.3). Transport intensity increased to a maximum at about 25°C (Q10=2.2) and then declined gradually with further increase in temperature. It is suggested that transport velocity and transport intensity are controlled independently. The characteristics of auxin transport through the stem were not affected by removal of the root system, or by the withdrawl of root aeration. Labelled IAA did not pass a region of the stem cooled to about 1.0°C, or through a narrow zone of stem tissue killed by heat treatment. In the latter case the heat treatment was shown not to interfere with the upward transport of water in the xylem. Labelled IAA continued to move into, and to accumulate in, the tissues immediately above a cooled or heat-killed region of the stem. It was concluded that the long-distance basipetal transport of auxin through the stem of the intact plant is driven by the transporting cells themselves and is independent of the activity of sinks for the transported auxin. The fronts of the observed tracer profiles in the stem were closely fitted by error function diffusion analogue curves. However, diffusion of IAA alone could not account for the observed characteristics of the transport and it is suggested that the curvilinear fronts of the profiles resulted from a diffusive mixing of exogenous IAA (or IAA-carrier complexes) with endogenous IAA already in the transport pathway.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Pisum ; Polyribosomes ; Protein synthesis ; Ribosomes ; RNA ; Storage proteins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Polyribosomes which have template activity in the wheat germ system have been isolated from developing pea seeds. Some of the translation products have identical mobilities to the vicilin and legumin subunits by SDS-PAGE. Certain products were specifically immunoprecipitated with antisera prepared against purified vicilin and legumin fractions. Various RNA fractions including poly A-rich RNA have also been isolated from polyribosomes and shown to direct the synthesis of polyripeptides whose properties are similar to the storage protein subunits. The results are discussed in relationship to other investigations with seed storage protein biosynthesis in vitro.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Auxin transport ; Pisum ; Root initiation ; Root primordia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract When [14C]indol-3yl-acetic acid was applied to the apical bud of 5-day old dwarf pea seedlings which possessed unbranched primary roots, a small amount of 14C was transported into the root system at a velocity of 11–14 mm h-1. Most of the 14C which entered the primary root accumulated in the young lateral root primordia, including the smallest detectable (20–30 mm from the primary root tip). In older (8-d old) seedlings in which the primary root bore well-developed lateral roots, 14C also accumulated in the tertiary root primordia. In contrast, little 14C was detected in the apical region of the primary root or, in older plants, in the apices of the lateral roots.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 140 (1984), S. 281-286 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Alkaline phosphatase ; Continuous culture ; Glycerol 1-phosphate uptake ; Phosphate exchange ; Phosphate uptake ; Rhizobium ; Snake bean bacteroids
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of P nutrition on phosphate uptake and alkaline phosphatase activity was studied in chemostat culture for four rhizobial and three bradyrhizobial species. Phosphate-limited cells took up phosphate 10- to 180-fold faster than phosphate-rich cells. The four fast-growing rhizobial strains contained high levels of alkaline phosphatase activity under P-limited conditions compared to the repressed levels found in P-rich cells; alkaline phosphatase activity could not be detected in three slow-growing rhizobial strains, regardless of their P-status. Glycerol 1-phosphate-uptake in the cowpea Rhizobium NGR234 was derepressed over 50-fold under P-limited conditions, and appeared to be co-regulated with phosphate uptake. The phosphate-uptake system appeared similar in all strains with apparent K m values ranging from 1.6 μM to 6.0 μM phosphate and maximum activities from 17.2 to 126 nmol · min-1 · (mg dry weight of cells)-1. Carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone strongly inhibited phosphate uptake in all strains and a number of other metabolic inhibitors also decreased phosphate uptake in the cowpea Rhizobium NGR234. The phosphate uptake system in all strains failed to catalyse exchange of 32P label in preloaded cells or efflux of phosphate. The results suggest a single, repressible, unidirectional and energy-dependent system for the transport of phosphate into rhizobia.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Alkaline phosphatase ; Continuous culture ; Growth yields ; Phosphate ; Phosphorus nutrition ; Polyphosphate ; Rhizobium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract With continuous cultures in a fully defined minimal salts medium steady states were achieved at both limiting and non-limiting concentrations of phosphate in the inflowing medium for Rhizobium trifolii WU95, cowpea Rhizobium NGR234, and Bradyrhizobium CB756. Millimolar growth yields obtained from P-limited cultures varied over 2-fold from 3.2 g dry weight·(mmol P)-1 for WU95 to 5.3 g dry weight·(mmol P)-1 for CB756 and 7.2 g dry weight·(mmol P)-1 for NGR234. For both WU95 and NGR234 growth under P-excess conditions resulted in elevated levels of total biomass P and the storage compound polyphosphate, compared with P-limited cultures. However, P-limited cultures of these two strains still contained significant quantities of polyphosphate. The P-status for CB756 cultures did not affect either total biomass P or polyphosphate levels. Alkaline phosphatase was maximally derepressed in P-limited cultures of WU95 and NGR234. However, in CB756 alkaline phosphatase was not detected at significant levels regardless of its P supply. These data suggest that growth of rhizobia is controlled predominantly by the attainment of a critical internal P level.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 140 (1984), S. 287-290 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Alkaline phosphatase ; Continuous culture ; Periplasmic proteins ; Phosphate uptake ; Phosphorus nutrition ; Rhizobium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Lysozyme/EDTA treatment of four fast-growing rhizobia released repeatable protein profiles after polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis. Similar treatment of slow-growing rhizobia failed to release such periplasmic proteins. For the four-fast-growing rhizobia, both P-repressible and P-inducible protein bands occurred. The only P-repressible protein identified was alkaline phosphatase, which showed strain differences in both electrophoretic mobility and activation by Mg2+. The derepression of the P-repressible periplasmic proteins in cowpea Rhizobium NGR234 correlated with derepression of both phosphate and glycerol 1-phosphate uptake.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 67 (1984), S. 245-248 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Pollen ; Irradiation ; Gene transfer ; Pisum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Pollen of Pisum sativum was exposed to doses of 900 to 6,000 r of X-rays prior to pollinating a multiply marked genotype. The first generation progeny closely resembled that produced with unirradiated pollen. In the second generation, five loci were monitored, and the results showed that irradiation enhanced the proportion of maternal information transmitted to the progeny; the practical implications of the data, as well as the mechanism underlying the effect are discussed.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 68 (1984), S. 101-107 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Speed proteins ; Legumin ; Albumin ; Heritability ; Pisum ; Pea
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Legumin and albumin are the fractions of pea seed proteins preferred to vicilin because of their high sulfur amino acid contents. The joint inheritance of legumin and albumin contents was studied in a cross between to contrasting lines of peas — one with high legumin and low albumin, and the other with low legumin and medium to high albumin. Single seed determinations were made in the parental, F1; F2 and backcross generations using rocket immunoelectrophoresis. In the non-segregating generations (P1, P2 and F1), legumin and albumin contents were negatively correlated (r=−≅0.50). The estimates of correlation coefficients in the segregating generations (F2, BC1 and BC2) were also about −0.5. However, the two estimates based on the round and on the wrinkled seeds separately in the F2 generation were not significantly different from zero. At least four individual round F2 seeds showed the desired recombination of high legumin with high albumin indicating that the unfavorable correlation can be broken. In this cross legumin content showed predominantly additive genetic variation whereas the dominance variance was the largest component for albumin content. A combined “relative sulfur index”, proposed as a convenient measure for selection, showed a narrow sense heritability of 47%. In general these results support the view that sulfur amino acid content of peas can be improved by breeding, but that the required selection regime must take both legumin and albumin content into account.
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