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  • 1
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    A high order accurate finite element algorithm for high Reynolds number flow prediction (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A Galerkin-weighted residuals formulation is employed to establish an implicit finite element solution algorithm for generally nonlinear initial-boundary value problems. Solution accuracy, and convergence rate with discretization refinement, are quantized in several error norms, by a systematic study of numerical solutions to several nonlinear parabolic and a hyperbolic partial differential equation characteristic of the equations governing fluid flows. Solutions are generated using selective linear, quadratic and cubic basis functions. Richardson extrapolation is employed to generate a higher-order accurate solution to facilitate isolation of truncation error in all norms. Extension of the mathematical theory underlying accuracy and convergence concepts for linear elliptic equations is predicted for equations characteristic of laminar and turbulent fluid flows at nonmodest Reynolds number. The nondiagonal initial-value matrix structure introduced by the finite element theory is determined intrinsic to improved solution accuracy and convergence. A factored Jacobian iteration algorithm is derived and evaluated to yield a consequential reduction in both computer storage and execution CPU requirements while retaining solution accuracy.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: NASA-CR-157309
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Morphometry of streamlined forms in terrestrial and Martian channels (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Streamlined erosional forms in the Channeled Scabland are compared with streamline features recognized in the region of the Kasei Vallis on Mars shown in Viking imagery. The morphometric analysis considers three physical parameters, length, measured parallel to the suggested flow direction; width, taken as the maximum width of the streamlined form perpendicular to the flow direction; and area, measured with a grid placed over the surface. These parameters are used to calculate a dimensionless parameter k, defined as the square of the length multiplied by pi over four times the area. For the 137 Scabland forms studied k values range from 1.0 to 8.3 with an average of 3.2. The k values for 47 Martian streamlined forms range from 1.5 to 12.0 with an average of 3.8. The rough similarity of these results suggests that the terrestrial and Martian features were formed by similar processes. The forms appear to have developed an ideal shape, sufficiently elongated to reduce pressure drag in the fluid creating them, but not so long as to create excessive skin resistance.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 13, 1978 - Mar 17, 1978; Houston, TX
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Morphological mapping of Martian outflow channels (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Geomorphic mapping of selected portions of Martian outflow channels was performed in order to facilitate comparisons to terrestrial landforms. We interpret the maps to illustrate a correspondence between Martian channel features and terrestrial landforms developed by catastrophic flood erosion in the Channeled Scabland. The following features all occur in remarkably similar arrangements on the flood-channel floors of both planets: streamlined uplands, longitudinal grooves, scour marks, inner channel cataracts, etched zones, and possible pendant bars.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 13, 1978 - Mar 17, 1978; Houston, TX
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    A preliminary assessment of the fluid erosional processes that shaped the Martian outflow channels (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Catastrophic floods may be the mechanism which created Martian outflow channels and the distinctive assemblage of channel landforms, including regional and local anastomosing patterns, expanding and contracting reaches correlated with flow constrictions, streamlined uplands, inner channels with recessional headcuts, pendant forms on the downcurrent sides of flow obstacles, and scour marks around the obstacles. A terrestrial landscape which contains analogs to all the Martian outflow features is the Channeled Scabland of eastern Washington, formed by catastrophic flooding across differentially resistant basalt, loess and sedimentary rock. Both hydrodynamic theory and the properties of the boundary undergoing deformation need to be considered in studying the forms that result from catastrophic flooding.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 13, 1978 - Mar 17, 1978; Houston, TX
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Finite element analysis of turbulent flows (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The purpose of the reported investigation is to provide a rather comprehensive statement of the problem of turbulent flow prediction, and to present and place in context representative finite element numerical solutions obtained to date. A general statement of the solution algorithm is presented, and definitive comparisons between finite element-derived and conventional and/or popular finite difference algorithms is made in the few places where available. In a consideration of the theoretical formulation attention is given to the Navier-Stokes equations, Reynolds stress equations, and parabolic Navier-Stokes equations.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: Numerical methods in laminar and turbulent flow; First International Conference; Jul 17, 1978 - Jul 21, 1978; Swansea
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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