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  • Humans  (39)
  • Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
  • Mice
  • 2005-2009
  • 1975-1979  (49)
  • 1978  (49)
  • 1
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    Macroeconomics of disease prevention in the United States (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-06-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gori, G B -- Richter, B J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 9;200(4346):1124-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/653358" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Costs and Cost Analysis ; Environment ; Female ; Government ; Humans ; Infant ; Life Expectancy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Population Dynamics ; *Preventive Medicine ; Social Security ; Socioeconomic Factors ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    beta-Endorphin is associated with overeating in genetically obese mice (ob/ob) and rats (fa/fa) (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-12-01
    Description: Small doses of the opiate antagonist naloxone selectively abolished overeating in genetically obese mice (ob/ob) and rats (fa/fa). Elevated concentrations of the naturally occurring opiate beta-endorphin were found in the pituitaries of both obese species and in the blood plasma of the obese rats. Brain levels of beta-endorphin and Leu-enkephalin were unchanged. These data suggest that excess pituitary beta-endorphin may play a role in the development of the overeating and obesity syndrome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Margules, D L -- Moisset, B -- Lewis, M J -- Shibuya, H -- Pert, C B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Dec 1;202(4371):988-91.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/715455" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Eating/drug effects ; Endorphins/antagonists & inhibitors/blood/*physiology ; Feeding Behavior/*physiology ; Female ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Obese/*physiology ; Naloxone/pharmacology ; Obesity/genetics/*physiopathology ; Pituitary Gland/physiology ; Rats
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Relative risks of saccharin and calorie ingestion (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-03-03
    Description: The risk of a person getting cancer from ingesting saccharin is compared with the risk of ingesting additional calories which cause excess body weight. It is found that, for a person who is 10% overweight, the risk of ingesting one diet soft drink, which would cause a decrease in life expectancy of 9 seconds, is approximately equal to the risk of ingesting one additional kilocalorie; that is, if ingesting a diet drink inhibits ingestion of more than 1 kilocalorie, its benefits exceed its risks.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, B L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Mar 3;199(4332):983.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/622580" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Diet ; *Energy Intake ; Humans ; Neoplasms/*chemically induced ; Obesity/*etiology ; Risk ; Saccharin/*adverse effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Pontine reticular formation neurons and motor activity (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cohen, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 13;199(4325):207-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/619453" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cats ; Eye Movements ; Humans ; Motor Neurons/*physiology ; Reticular Formation/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    Hepatitis B virus and sex ratio of offspring (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-08-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Drew, J S -- London, W T -- Lustbader, E D -- Hesser, J E -- Blumberg, B S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 25;201(4357):687-92.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/566954" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Age Factors ; Birth Order ; Cross Reactions ; Female ; Fetal Death ; Graft Survival ; Hepatitis B/immunology/*physiopathology/transmission ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/analysis ; Humans ; Male ; Parity ; Pregnancy ; Sex Factors ; *Sex Ratio
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Lymphocyte ecto-5'-nucleotidase deficiency in agammaglobulinemia (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-08-18
    Description: Fresh peripheral blood lymphocytes from eight patients with congenital agammaglobulinemia demonstrate reduced ecto-5'-nucleotidase activity when compared to the mean activity of normal subjects and patients with other forms of immunoglobulin deficiency. A specific defect of ecto-5'-nucleotidase is further suggested by normal values for lymphocyte ecto-adenosinetriphosphatase and ecto-nonspecific phosphatase. The data provide evidence for an enzyme deficiency in this X-linked, B lymphocyte deficiency syndrome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Edwards, N L -- Magilavy, D B -- Cassidy, J T -- Fox, I H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 18;201(4356):628-30.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27864" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Agammaglobulinemia/*enzymology/genetics ; Cell Membrane/enzymology ; Female ; Genetic Linkage ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; IgA Deficiency ; Lymphocytes/*enzymology ; Male ; Nucleotidases/blood/*deficiency ; Rosette Formation ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; X Chromosome
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Precocious cardiac orienting in a human anencephalic infant (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-01-20
    Description: An anencephalic infant, 3 to 6 weeks old, responded to acoustic stimulation with cardiac decelerations typical of the response pattern seen in normal, older infants. Such precocity implies unexpected competence of lower brain structures and suggests that, in the normal infant, feedback from immature higher centers may sometimes interfere with rather than modulate the functioning of lower centers.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Graham, F K -- Leavitt, L A -- Strock, B D -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jan 20;199(4326):322-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/619460" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acoustic Stimulation ; Age Factors ; Anencephaly/*physiopathology ; *Behavior/physiology ; Brain/*physiopathology ; Habituation, Psychophysiologic/physiology ; *Heart Rate ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Orientation/physiology ; Reflex/physiology ; Sleep/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Research involving human subjects (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-09-22
    Description: This article reports a study of the activities and performance of institutional review boards to protect human research subjects. Researchers and institutional review board members were generally supportive of the review system, although substantial criticisms were also heard. Institutional review boards had some direct impact on half of the proposals reviewed by requiring either modification of or additional information about proposed research. The data, however, raise questions about the effectiveness of some review board actions, for example, with regard to informed consent. Some policy implications of the study are presented.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Gray, B H -- Cooke, R A -- Tannenbaum, A S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Sep 22;201(4361):1094-101.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/356268" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Attitude ; Behavioral Research ; Bioethics ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Consent Forms ; *Ethical Review ; *Ethics Committees, Research ; *Human Experimentation ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; *Research/standards ; Risk ; Risk Assessment ; United States ; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Behavioral neurochemistry: neuroregulators and behavioral states (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-05-26
    Description: There is compelling evidence that behavioral events after neurochemical function and that altered neurochemical function can change behavior. Such processes have been related both to neurotransmitters and to neuromodulators, together termed neuroregulators. Available research tools and theoretical constructs have begun to permit studies of certain types of behavior, primarily those related to emotional states and drives. This work is changing long-held concepts about severe mental disorders and the treatment of them.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barchas, J D -- Akil, H -- Elliott, G R -- Holman, R B -- Watson, S J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 May 26;200(4344):964-73.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25486" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Behavior/*physiology ; Cell Communication ; Depression/physiopathology ; Endorphins/physiology ; Enkephalins/physiology ; Hormones/physiology ; Humans ; Mental Disorders/physiopathology ; *Nervous System Physiological Phenomena ; Neurons/physiology ; Neurotransmitter Agents/physiology ; Schizophrenia/physiopathology ; Synapses/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Abnormal auditory evoked potentials in early infancy malnutrition (1978)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1978-08-04
    Description: Computer-averaged auditory evoked potentials were found to be abnormal in infants hospitalized because of severe malnutrition (marasmus). They improved as the infants' somatic growth improved during the course of treatment, but were still deviant at the time of discharge from the hospital and at subsequent outpatient follow-up. Abnormalities in evoked potentials may reflect a long-lasting effect of malnutrition on brain function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barnet, A B -- Weiss, I P -- Sotillo, M V -- Ohlrich, E S -- Shkurovich, M -- Cravioto, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Aug 4;201(4354):450-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/96529" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Auditory Cortex/*physiopathology ; Auditory Perception/physiology ; Electroencephalography ; *Evoked Potentials ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Protein-Energy Malnutrition/*physiopathology ; Sex Factors ; Sleep/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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