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  • ASTROPHYSICS  (74)
  • Life and Medical Sciences
  • Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration
  • 2010-2014
  • 1975-1979  (100)
  • 1970-1974
  • 1950-1954
  • 1978  (100)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 2010-2014
  • 1975-1979  (100)
  • 1970-1974
  • 1950-1954
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dissociation of plasminogen activator from the transformed phenotype in a 5-Bromodeoxyuridine dependent mutant of syrian hamster melanoma cells (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 95 (1978), S. 275-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The relationship between plasminogen activator levels and the expression of the transformed phenotype was studied in a 5-bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) dependent mutant of Syrian hamster melanoma cells. In terms of cell morphology and cellular interactions, the BrdUrd dependent cells resemble transformed cells when grown in the presence of BrdUrd but resemble untransformed cells when grown in the absence of BrdUrd. It was found that the BrdUrd dependent cells release significant levels of plasminogen activator only when cultured in the absence of BrdUrd. In the presence of BrdUrd, the release of plasminogen activator by the dependent cells is suppressed, and the decreased level of plasminogen activator released in the presence of BrdUrd seems to be due to decreased production of active enzyme. Growth tests revealed that the BrdUrd dependent cells, when attached to a substrate, required BrdUrd in order to attain high densities. Furthermore, the cells are able to grow well in soft agar only in the presence of BrdUrd. These results suggest that the production and release of high levels of plasminogen activator are not related (either as cause or effect) to the expression of the transformed phenotype in the BrdUrd dependent cellsThe effect of dog serum (as a plasminogen source) on the BrdUrd dependent cells also was tested. It was found that cells cultured in medium containing dog serum exhibit a morphological alteration, but only in the absence of BrdUrd. The morphological response of the cells to dog serum resembles that previously observed with virus-transformed cells. In the BrdUrd dependent cells, the morphological response to dog serum appears correlated with the release of plasminogen activator but separated from other transformed characteristics.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040950305
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of tobacco smoke on the metabolism and function of rat alveolar macrophagesPresented in part at the 1976 meeting of the American Society for Clinical Investigation (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 95 (1978), S. 105-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Alveolar macrophages harvested by bronchopulmonary lavage from rats exposed to tobacco smoke for 30 days (“smokers”) showed alterations in oxidative metabolism, lactate production and phagocytosis of inert starch particles when compared with control macrophages. Phagocytosis of viable Staphylococcus aureus was unaffected by tobacco smoke. Glucose oxidation measured by conversion of glucose-1-14C to 14CO2 was moderately affected while oxidation of glucose-6-14C to 14CO2 was not. Smokers routinely yielded fewer cells than controls, though these cells contained approximately 17% more protein than did controls. Opsonization of particles was not necessary for macrophages from either smoker or control animals to manifest a respiratory burst and increased superoxide and hydrogen peroxide release during phagocytosis. The glycolytic inhibitors, sodium fluoride and iodoacetamide, while effectively blocking glycolysis, did not inhibit phagocytosis by macrophages from either group. The results reported clearly distinguish alveolar macrophages from other phagocytic cells (peritoneal macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes) and suggest a state of non-specific activation caused by exposure to tobacco smoke.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040950113
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An immunocytochemical localization of the cortical granule lectin in fertilized and unfertilized eggs of xenopus laevis (1978)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 1 (1978), S. 13-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: immunoperoxidase localization ; fertilization ; Xenopus laevis ; cortical reaction ; block to polyspermy ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: At fertilization, the vitelline envelope surrounding the egg of Xenopus laevis is modified by the addition of an electron-dense component termed the “F layer.” The F layer functions as a block to polyspermy and as a block to the escape of macromolecules from the perivitelline space, thereby causing an osmotically driven envelope elevation. F-layer formation has been hypothesized to result from interaction between a cortical-granule lectin, released in the cortical reaction, and a jelly-coat ligand. Evidence for this hypothesis was sought by determining the location of the cortical-granule lectin both before and after fertilization, using a specific antibody conjugated to horseradish peroxidase. The cortical-granule lectin was localized only in the cortical granules of the unfertilized egg and was located predominantly in the perivitelline space and the F layer of a fertilized egg. These observations support the hypothesis that the F layer is formed by a cortical-granule-Iectin-jelly layer-ligand interaction.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1120010104
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  • 4
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    Interplanetary propagation of flare-associated energetic particles (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A propagation model which combines a Gaussian profile for particle release from the sun, with interplanetary particle densities predicted by focused diffusion, was proposed to explain the propagation history of flare associated energetic particles. This model, which depends on only two parameters, successfully describes the time-intensity profiles of 30 proton and electron events originating from the western hemisphere of the sun. Generally, particles are released from the sun over a finite interval. In almost all events, particle release begins at the time of flare acceleration.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-TM-79534
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 5
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    The velocity distribution of interstellar gas observed in strong UV absorption lines (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Observations of three strong interstellar UV absorption lines of N I (1199 A), N II (1083 A), and Si III (1206 A) in 47 stars of widely varying distance and a variety of spectral types are analyzed to obtain a velocity distribution function for the interstellar gas. A technique based on the maximum and minimum velocities observed along a line of sight is adopted because of heavy line blending, and results are discussed for both power-law and exponential distribution functions. The expected distribution of radiative-phase supernova remnants (SNRs) in the interstellar medium is calculated as a function of SNR birthrate and of the interstellar density in which they evolve. The results are combined with observed distance estimates, and it is shown that an interstellar density in excess of 0.1 per cu cm would be required to keep the SNRs sufficiently confined so that their cross sections are consistent with the observed number of components. The alternative possibility is considered that SNRs do not enter the radiative phase before escaping from the Galaxy or colliding with neighboring remnants.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 223
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    Intermediate-velocity gas in the local interstellar medium (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Scans of interstellar ultraviolet absorption lines of N I, N II, and Si III for 17 stars are combined with previously published data for 30 stars. The extremal velocities at which detectable absorption occurs are tabulated, and it is shown that these are correlated for the three species. The data suggest that intermediate-velocity gas (20 to 60 km/s), best known from Na I and Ca II absorption, contains both neutral and ionized hydrogen. Features characteristic of intermediate-velocity isothermal shocks (greater than 60 km/s) are conspicuously rare. The intermediate-velocity gas may be in the form of clouds containing both H I and H II regions or of radiative shocks propagating in the interstellar medium; in the latter case the gas should be detectable in H-alpha emission.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 220
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    Refractory grain destruction in low-velocity shocks (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Recent abundance determinations in intermediate-velocity clouds near the Orion association have shown that silicon abundances may be nearly cosmic even in clouds with a velocity as low as 40 to 50 km/sec. It is argued that grain destruction in radiative shocks traveling perpendicular to the magnetic field may be much more effective than was previously considered. The destruction mechanism consists of acceleration of the gyromotion of the grains about their drift center owing to magnetic field compression, followed by sputtering of the high-velocity grains by He and (CNO) atoms. It is found that MgSiO3 grains may be almost fully destroyed in shocks of velocity greater than 80 km/sec and graphite grains substantially destroyed at shock velocities of 100 km/sec.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 225
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Time-dependent spherically symmetric accretion onto compact X-ray sources (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Analytical arguments and a numerical hydrodynamic code are used to investigate spherically symmetric accretion onto a compact object, in an attempt to provide some insight into gas flows heated by an outgoing X-ray flux. It is shown that preheating of spherically symmetric accretion flows by energetic radiation from an X-ray source results in time-dependent behavior for a much wider range of source parameters than was determined previously and that there are two distinct types of instability. The results are compared with observations of X-ray bursters and transients as well as with theories on quasars and active galactic nuclei that involve quasi-spherically symmetric accretion onto massive black holes. Models based on spherically symmetric accretion are found to be inconsistent with observations of bursters and transients.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal; vol. 226
    Format: text
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  • 9
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    HEAO observations of X-ray bursts from MXB1730-335 (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The March 18, 1978 burst activity of the rapid burster MXB 1730-335 was studied by examining 58 minutes of quick-look data for the A2 and A4 experiments on HEAO 1. Very large, moderately sized, and small bursts are characterized. Type II bursts were found to show a spectral softening during burst decay. The existence of flux was sought in the 85-160 keV energy range, and it was found that the large type II bursts contain less than 5% of their total X-ray energy in this range. The implications of the lack of a hard X-ray flux with respect to accretion instability models of X-ray bursts are considered.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: Nature; 276; Dec. 7
    Format: text
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  • 10
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    NH3 in IRC plus 10216 (1978)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Ammonia was detected in the circumstellar envelope of IRC +10216 by means of three infrared absorption lines in the nu sup 2 band around 950/cm. The lines are fully resolved at a resolution of 0.22 km/sec and indicate that most of the circumstellar gas is accelerated to expansion velocities around 14 km/sec within a few stellar radii. The NH3 profiles indicate a rotational temperature between 400 and 700 K, and H2 density between 10 to the 8th power/cu cm and 10 to the 10th power/cu cm, and NH3 column density of 10 to the 17th power/sq cm. The H2 density indicates that the mass of the circumstellar envelope within a 1 arcsec radius is approximately 0.1 solar masses.
    Keywords: ASTROPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-157921
    Format: application/pdf
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