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  • Articles  (117)
  • Physics  (70)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (25)
  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (22)
  • ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
  • GEOPHYSICS
  • 1995-1999
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979  (117)
  • 1977  (117)
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  • 1995-1999
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979  (117)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    D2-m-carborane-siloxanes. III. Preparation and properties of trifluoropropyl-modified polymers (1977)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 15 (1977), S. 973-981 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Linear D2-m-carborane-siloxanes with one, two, and three trifluoropropyl moieties per repeat unit were prepared by the condensation reaction between bisureidosilanes and carborane disilanol. Molecular weights between 100,000 and 220,000 were obtained. Compared to fluorosilicones, the trifluoropropyl-modified carborane-siloxanes exhibited greater thermal and oxidative stability and in certain cases comparable solvent resistance. The swelling index for carborane-siloxane elastomers decreased with increasing trifluoropropyl content, although this fluorocarbon moiety did compromise the thermal stability of the carborane system.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1977.170150418
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoinitiation and electroinitiation in the polymerization of 2-vinylnaphthalene (1977)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 15 (1977), S. 2673-2684 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The zinc chloride-catalyzed polymerization of 2-vinylnaphthalene (VN) with both photoinitiation and electronitiation methods was examined. Good yields were obtained with both methods, the electroinitiated process being somewhat faster. The mechanism for polymerization initiation was investigated through a detailed comparison of the kinetics. Both initiation methods show a similar response to increasing input energy and to change in salt to monomer mole ratio. Both methods indicate formation of a ZnCl2-(2-VN)2 complex as intermediate with the formation of the species being rate-determining. These results, together with other similar investigations, are then used to deduce a mechanism that involves the formation of an electronically excited donor-acceptor complex. It is argued that in certain salt-stabilized, electron-delocalized, aromatic systems, such excitation is possible in electroinitiation.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1977.170151112
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electroinitiated polymerization of 2-vinylnaphthalene (1977)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 15 (1977), S. 1563-1571 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: As part of a program to extend the range of donor-acceptor-initiated polymerization processes, the electroinitiation of 2-vinylnaphthalene in a zinc chloride-sulfolane solution has been studied. Good conversion yields of well-characterized (NMR, IR, GPC, elemental analysis) poly(vinylnaphthalene) were obtained with the process showing several mechanistic similarities to other donor-acceptor salt electropolymerization systems.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1977.170150704
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrochemically initiated polymerization of styrene with tetraalkyl and -aryl group VA halide support electrolytes (1977)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 15 (1977), S. 1555-1562 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The electrochemically initiated polymerization of styrene in methylene chloride solvent with the use of platinum electrodes and tetraalkyl and -aryl group VA halides (i.e., quaternary ammonium, phosphonium, and arsonium compounds) as electrolyte has been investigated. The order of reactivity of the electrolytes with respect to polymerization rate and initiation efficiency was found to be: arsonium 〉 phosphonium 〉 ammonium. Mechanisms involving the electroreduction of the group VA quaternary halides to species capable of electroinitiating polymerization are postulated. The observed losses in solution conductivities during polymerization with the quaternary phosphonium and arsonium electrolytes indicate possible interaction between the initiating radical-ionic species and the supporting electrolyte. In an attempt to further elucidate the mechanism of initiation in these systems, a separate series of experiments, employing the nonpolymerizing monomer, 1,1-diphenylethylene, has been carried out.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1977.170150703
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxygen transfer coefficients by dynamic model moment analysis (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 19 (1977), S. 853-865 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A new method to estimate the oxygen transfer coefficient (KLa) from the experimental dynamic response data is presented. Employing a linear model which allows for gas phase, diffusion film, and oxygen electrode dynamics, the first moment of the response curve is simply related to the sum of the model parameters. Two separate experiments are used to characterize the measurement dynamics and to measure the unknown KLa parameter. The simple calculation procedure involves only measuring the area above the response curves.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260190606
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The characterization of SV40-transformed cell lines derived from mouse teratocarcinoma: Growth properties and differentiated characteristicsA portion of this work was presented at the Conference on “Regulation of Gene Expression in Development and Neoplasia” which was published in Cancer Research, 36, 4217-4223, 1976. (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 93 (1977), S. 269-276 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Mouse teratocarcinoma cells derived from embryoid bodies of 129SVsl mice were cultured in vitro to permit their differentiation. These cells were then infected with simiam virus 40 (SV40) and 31 cloned cell lines (SVTER) were derived from these cultures. All 31 SVTER cell lines contained the SV40 tumor (T) antigen and grew as permanent lines in culture. Mock-infected embryoid body cultures did not give rise to permanent cell lines. The morphology of each SVTER cell line was distinct and did not change during successive subclonings.The growth properties and tumorigenic potential of all 31 SVTER cell lines were investigated. None of these lines produced tumors in 129SVsl mice. Each cell line was tested for its ability to (1) grow in medium containing 1% serum, (2) plate on a cell monolayer, and (3) form clones in methocel suspension. Only three of the SVTER cell lines were transformed with respect to all three of these criteria. Most of these cell lines were minimal transformation.The SVTER cell lines were tested for creatine phosphokinase (CPK), an enzyme activity characteristic of mouse brain and muscle tissue, and the protease, plasminogen activator (PA) which is found in embryoid bodies and several differentiated cell types. Some of the SVTER cell lines contained high levels of CPK, while others had high levels of PA and a third group of cells contained neither enzyme activity. No SVTER cell line was found with high levels of both these enzyme activities. This result suggests that mutually exclusive sets of genes are expressed in these cells as might be expected from the distinct tissue distribution of the two enzyme activities studied. These SVTER cell lines may be useful in reconstructing developmental pathways of differentiating teratomas in vitro.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1040930212
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plastic deformation of highly drawn polypropylene monofilaments (1977)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 15 (1977), S. 2013-2026 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The tensile properties of highly oriented polypropylene (PP) filaments are markedly dependent on their fabrication drawn history. Highly oriented filaments prepared by drawing at 〈100°C were capable of appreciable plastic deformation after passing through a marked yield point. This deformation process was very rate dependent, transforming to essentially brittle behavior at deformation rates 〉500%/min. Filaments produced by drawing at a higher temperature, or by annealing above 100°C of those produced at 100°C, had a slightly lower modulus, greatly reduced residual elongation to break, and showed no yield point. A model for the plastic deformation is proposed involving localized fibrillation to produce craze-like structures. This model is consistent with the observed filament susceptibility to chromic acid etching. Electron micrographs of highly drawn then etched samples show that just prior to fracture only small plastes of the acid resistant (presumably original, unvoided) structure remain.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1977.180151112
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    D2-m-carborane siloxanes. V. Structure-property relationships (1977)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 15 (1977), S. 723-732 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: D2-m-decacarborane dimethylsiloxane has unusual thermal stability and resistance towards reversion, however, this material exhibits a crystalline phase, Tm at 68°C. To obtain an elastomeric material, this crystallinity is disrupted by replacing 30 to 50% of the m-carborane with p-carborane moieties or by the incorporation of phenyl moieties on the polymer backbone. The latter approach is preferred since improved thermo-oxidative stability accompanies this modification. Correlation of the glass transition temperature and thermo-oxidative stability with the polymer structure are presented.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1977.180150412
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Viscoelastic properties of entangled polymers. II. The interchain-intrachain entanglement model (1977)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 15 (1977), S. 1869-1883 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Our earlier model of entangled chain dynamics represented the elastic effects at entanglement points as a coupling with the surrounding medium, which was propagated weakly to every other entanglement site on the parent chain. In this way, a great variety of linear viscoelastic phenomena could be successfully predicted, with the only significant deficiency being a quantitative failure in curve fitting the local minimum in dynamic loss modulus G″(ω). Here we introduce the “intrachain entanglement,” or the “internal entanglement,” in which the parent chain entangles directly with itself. Elastic forces between pairs of internal entanglements are assumed to be stronger than those with the medium (“external entanglement”). Predictions of the new model are compared with rheological data on monodisperse polystyrene. Good agreement is obtained between theory and experiment, including G″(ω).
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1977.180151101
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solubilities of volatile solutes in poly(vinyl acetate) from 125 to 200°C (1977)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 15 (1977), S. 145-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) was used to measure Henry's law constants for ethylene, ethane, carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, methyl chloride, vinyl acetate, isopropyl alcohol, methyl ethyl ketone, and acetone in liquid poly(vinyl acetate) in the region 125 to 200°C. Retention-time differences were measured relative to nitrogen and corrections for nitrogen's finite solubility were applied; these corrections are significant when measuring the solubilities of sparingly soluble solutes by the GLC method. The effect of GLC column diameter is discussed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1977.180150113
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