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  • Pisum  (9)
  • Springer  (9)
  • Annual Reviews
  • Springer Science + Business Media
  • 1980-1984  (2)
  • 1975-1979  (7)
  • 1984  (2)
  • 1979  (5)
  • 1977  (2)
Collection
Publisher
  • Springer  (9)
  • Annual Reviews
  • Springer Science + Business Media
Years
  • 1980-1984  (2)
  • 1975-1979  (7)
Year
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Abscisic acid metabolites ; Dihydrophaseic acid ; Phaseic acid ; Pisum ; Water stress
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Seven day old seedlings of Pisum sativum L., cv. Kleine Rheinländerin, were wilted for 3 days. After partially removing the roots, they were rewatered and at the same time radioactive abscisic acid([1-14C]ABA, spec. activity 1.7·108d s-1mmol-1) was applied for 1 h via the xylem of the roots. After 24 h, 4 days, and 12 days the seedlings were extracted and the metabolites of ABA were analyzed by means of thin-layer and gas chromatography in combination with mass spectrometry, autoradiography, and scintillation counting. Phaseic acid (PA) and dihydrophaseic acid (DPA) were identified as metabolites of ABA. The presence of another ABA-metabolite was also demonstrated. From its mass spectrum it has been postulated that this metabolite is 4′-desoxy-ABA. In addition to these substances, several other metabolites, which are more polar than ABA and its known degradation products, were present in the seedlings. The quantity and number of these unknown metabolites increased with time.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Planta 136 (1977), S. 91-96 
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Apical dominance ; Auxin transport ; Cambial development ; Pisum ; Polarity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Dwarf pea plants bearing two cotyledonary shoots were obtained by removing the epicotyl shortly after germination, and the patterns of distribution of 14C in these plants was investigated following the application of [14C]IAA to the apex of one shoot. Basipetal transport to the root system occurred, but in none of the experiments was 14C ever detected in the unlabelled shoot even after transport periods of up to 48 h. This was true both of plants with two equal growing shoots and of plants in which one shoot had become correlatively inhibited by the other, and in the latter case applied whether the dominant or subordinate shoot was labelled. In contrast, when [14C]IAA was applied to a mature foliage leaf of one shoot transfer of 14C to the other shoot took place, although the amount transported was always low. Transport of 14C from the apex of a subordinate shoot on plants bearing one growing and one inhibited shoot was severely restricted compared with the transport from the dominant shoot apex, and in some individual plants no transport at all was detected. Removal of the dominant shoot apex rapidly restored the capacity of the subordinate shoot to transport apically-applied [14C]IAA, and at the same time led to rapid cambial development and secondary vascular differentiation in the previously inhibited shoot. Applications of 1% unlabelled IAA in lanolin to the decapitated dominant shoot maintained the inhibition of cambial development in the subordinate shoot and its reduced capacity for auxin transport. These results are discussed in relation to the polarity of auxin transport in intact plants and the mechanism of correlative inhibition.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Planta 136 (1977), S. 147-151 
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Carrier ; mediated transport ; Chloroplast ; Leucine ; Pisum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The uptake of leucine into isolated, intact, pea chloroplasts was investigated using the silicone oil centrifugation technique. The internal: external ratio of leucine exceeded unity at low external leucine concentrations. Uptake of leucine at different external concentrations showed passive diffusion and carrier-mediated transport components. Competition for uptake was shown between leucine and isoleucine but not between leucine and glycine. Rates of diffusion of leucine were found to be low compared with glycine, however, fast carrier-mediated transport of leucine assumed more importance at physiological concentrations.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Auxin transport ; Pisum ; Sink activity ; Temperature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The velocity and intensity of basipetal transport of 14C-labelled indol-3yl-acetic acid (IAA) applied to the apical bud of the intact pea plant were influenced by the temperature to which the stem was exposed and were not influenced by changes in the temperature of the root system when this was controlled independently between 5°C and 35°C. The velocity of transport increased steadily with temperature to a maximum in excess of 35°C and then fell sharply with further increase in temperature. The Q10 for velocity, determined from Arrhenius plots, was low (ca. 1.3). Transport intensity increased to a maximum at about 25°C (Q10=2.2) and then declined gradually with further increase in temperature. It is suggested that transport velocity and transport intensity are controlled independently. The characteristics of auxin transport through the stem were not affected by removal of the root system, or by the withdrawl of root aeration. Labelled IAA did not pass a region of the stem cooled to about 1.0°C, or through a narrow zone of stem tissue killed by heat treatment. In the latter case the heat treatment was shown not to interfere with the upward transport of water in the xylem. Labelled IAA continued to move into, and to accumulate in, the tissues immediately above a cooled or heat-killed region of the stem. It was concluded that the long-distance basipetal transport of auxin through the stem of the intact plant is driven by the transporting cells themselves and is independent of the activity of sinks for the transported auxin. The fronts of the observed tracer profiles in the stem were closely fitted by error function diffusion analogue curves. However, diffusion of IAA alone could not account for the observed characteristics of the transport and it is suggested that the curvilinear fronts of the profiles resulted from a diffusive mixing of exogenous IAA (or IAA-carrier complexes) with endogenous IAA already in the transport pathway.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Pisum ; Polyribosomes ; Protein synthesis ; Ribosomes ; RNA ; Storage proteins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Polyribosomes which have template activity in the wheat germ system have been isolated from developing pea seeds. Some of the translation products have identical mobilities to the vicilin and legumin subunits by SDS-PAGE. Certain products were specifically immunoprecipitated with antisera prepared against purified vicilin and legumin fractions. Various RNA fractions including poly A-rich RNA have also been isolated from polyribosomes and shown to direct the synthesis of polyripeptides whose properties are similar to the storage protein subunits. The results are discussed in relationship to other investigations with seed storage protein biosynthesis in vitro.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Auxin transport ; Pisum ; Root initiation ; Root primordia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract When [14C]indol-3yl-acetic acid was applied to the apical bud of 5-day old dwarf pea seedlings which possessed unbranched primary roots, a small amount of 14C was transported into the root system at a velocity of 11–14 mm h-1. Most of the 14C which entered the primary root accumulated in the young lateral root primordia, including the smallest detectable (20–30 mm from the primary root tip). In older (8-d old) seedlings in which the primary root bore well-developed lateral roots, 14C also accumulated in the tertiary root primordia. In contrast, little 14C was detected in the apical region of the primary root or, in older plants, in the apices of the lateral roots.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 67 (1984), S. 245-248 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Pollen ; Irradiation ; Gene transfer ; Pisum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Pollen of Pisum sativum was exposed to doses of 900 to 6,000 r of X-rays prior to pollinating a multiply marked genotype. The first generation progeny closely resembled that produced with unirradiated pollen. In the second generation, five loci were monitored, and the results showed that irradiation enhanced the proportion of maternal information transmitted to the progeny; the practical implications of the data, as well as the mechanism underlying the effect are discussed.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 68 (1984), S. 101-107 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Speed proteins ; Legumin ; Albumin ; Heritability ; Pisum ; Pea
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Legumin and albumin are the fractions of pea seed proteins preferred to vicilin because of their high sulfur amino acid contents. The joint inheritance of legumin and albumin contents was studied in a cross between to contrasting lines of peas — one with high legumin and low albumin, and the other with low legumin and medium to high albumin. Single seed determinations were made in the parental, F1; F2 and backcross generations using rocket immunoelectrophoresis. In the non-segregating generations (P1, P2 and F1), legumin and albumin contents were negatively correlated (r=−≅0.50). The estimates of correlation coefficients in the segregating generations (F2, BC1 and BC2) were also about −0.5. However, the two estimates based on the round and on the wrinkled seeds separately in the F2 generation were not significantly different from zero. At least four individual round F2 seeds showed the desired recombination of high legumin with high albumin indicating that the unfavorable correlation can be broken. In this cross legumin content showed predominantly additive genetic variation whereas the dominance variance was the largest component for albumin content. A combined “relative sulfur index”, proposed as a convenient measure for selection, showed a narrow sense heritability of 47%. In general these results support the view that sulfur amino acid content of peas can be improved by breeding, but that the required selection regime must take both legumin and albumin content into account.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Protoplasma 101 (1979), S. 73-80 
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Cotyledon culture ; Pisum ; Polytene chromosomes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The cotyledon cells ofPisum sativum have high DNA contents. By appropriate culture techniques, some of these cells can be triggered into division. Two types of dividing nuclei were seen. Firstly those that were polyploid with metaphases containing chromosome numbers ranging in value from 4 x to 32 x. Included among these were unexpected numbers equivalent to 12 x and 14 x. Secondly there were cells containing giant polytene chromosomes and these progressed from prophase to a metaphase where the polytene chromosomes separated into constituent single chromosomes.
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