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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of surface thermodynamics in thromboresistance of biomaterials (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 9 (1975), S. 127-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: A thermodynamic approach to the problem of platelet adsorption out of a suspension on to a smooth and homogeneous solid surface is developed. The interfacial tension values required may be estimated from contact angle data by means of an equation of state relation. According to the thermodynamic approach the functional dependence of platelet adsorption on surface tension of the solid differs according to whether the surface tension of the platelets is smaller or larger than the surface tension of the liquid in which they are suspended. The implications of this thermodynamic approach in situations where plasma proteins are present and the biomaterials surfaces may be heterogeneous and rough are discussed. Previous analyses using the critical surface tension of wetting and other surface-related parameters are compared with the thermodynamic analysis given here.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820090203
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Levans. V. Kinetics of the acid hydrolysis of Streptococcus salivarius levan (1975)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 14 (1975), S. 2373-2385 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The kinetics of the acid hydrolysis of Streptococcus salivarius levan were studied by examining the weight-average molecular weight. The molecular weights were obtained in a continuous manner from light scattering. Two first order reactions were observed: an initial rapid reaction in competition with a slower reaction.Activation energies, activation entropies, as well as the rate dependence upon substrate and hydrogen ion concentrations were determined. The data seem to indicate that the fast reaction is related to the breaking of branch-point bonds while the slower reaction is related to the breaking of main-chain bonds. Thus, levan hydrolysis seems to be fundamentally different from the completely random degradation of other branched polysaccharides, i.e., dextran, glycogen, and amylopectin.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1975.360141111
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Levans. II. Light-scattering and sedimentation data of Streptococcus salivarius levan in water (1975)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 14 (1975), S. 1283-1292 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The molecular weights and radii of gyration of Streptococcus salivarius levan fractions were obtained from light-scattering measurements in water. Sedimentation coefficients and partial specific volumes of the fractions were also obtained. Double logarithmic plots of [η] versus M̄w and S0 versus M̄w yielded slopes having values of 0.17 and 0.62, respectively. The data and various calculated parameters show that levan from Streptococcus salivarius is highly branched and behaves hydrodynamically as a compact particle of spherical symmetry.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1975.360140616
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cationic polymerization of p-substituted α-methylstyrenes, 1. Tacticity by 1H- and 19F-NMR spectroscopy (1975)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 176 (1975), S. 781-787 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1975.021760320
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vorgänge bei der Schutzschichtbildung in verzinkten Stahlrohren (1975)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 26 (1975), S. 342-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Phenomena involved in the formation of protective layers in galvanized steel tubingOn the basis of studies in connection with the influence of time and flow rate on the corrosion of zinc it is possible to say that the corrosion rate is not time dependent, while it is a function of water pH and of flow conditions. It is approximately inversely proportional to the thickness of the diffusion boundary layer. The values obtained by electrochemical tests point to a strong inhibition of the partial cathodic reactions; this inhibition increases continuously with time because of this inhibition the Stern-Geary formula is not applicable; consequently it is not possible to electrochemically determine the corrosion loss in a short time. It is equally impossible to interprete i(U) curves and polarization resistance on the basis of experimental results so far available.
    Notes: Die vorliegenden Untersuchungen über den Einfluß der Zeit und der Fließgeschwindigkeit auf den Zinkabtrag gestatten folgende Aussagen:Die Zinkabtragsrate ist zeitlich konstant und abhängig vom pH-Wert des Wassers und von der Fließbedingung. Die ist näherungsweise umgekehrt proportional der Diffusionsgrenzschichtdicke.Elektrochemische Meßgrößen zeigen, daß anodische und kathodische Teilvorgänge stark gehemmt sind und daß zeitlich die Hemmwirkung stetig zunimmt. Das führt dazu, daß die Stern-Geary-Beziehung nicht anwendbar ist und somit eine schnelle Bestimmung der Abtragsrate elektrochemisch nicht erfolgen kann. Die Interpretation von i(U)-Kurven und Polarisationswiderständen ist z. Z. mit den vorliegenden Untersuchungsergebnissen nicht möglich.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19750260504
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrogels of crosslinked poly(1-glyceryl methacrylate) and poly(2-hydroxypropyl methacrylamide) (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 19 (1975), S. 1885-1892 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Two hydrophilic polymer networks of different crosslinking density and varying reference degree of swelling were prepared from 2,3-dihydroxypropyl methacrylate (glyceryl methacrylate) and N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide. They were characterized by swelling and compression measurements, and the Flory-Huggins interaction parameters were determined. The results reveal the importance of hydrophobic forces in the physical properties of poly(1-glyceryl methacrylate). Poly(2-hydroxypropyl methacrylamide) gels do not exhibit the presence of these specific effects.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1975.070190709
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-year biocompatibility study of ORNL graphite (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 9 (1975), S. 67-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: A new grade of graphite - isotropic, fine-grained, and of superior strength - has been produced at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The possibility of using this material in orthopedic implants is under study at the University of Illinois. As part of this program, plugs 1/8 in. in diam were inserted in holes drilled in the proximal femur of 2 groups of 8-week old male rabbits. The groups were sacrificed at the end of 1 and 2 years. A single i.m. injection of achromycin was given 2 days prior to sacrifice. Thin sections of the plugs and surrounding tissue were examined by microradiography and optical microscopy (white light, polarizing, and fluorescent). All bone was normal. Minimal evidence of irritation or fibrous encapsulation appeared.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820090410
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Design and fabrication of two types of artificial tendons for evaluation of surgical techniques (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 9 (1975), S. 149-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Double-loop tendons of fixed and adjustable lengths, and tendons with inner porous tapes both for anastomosis to tendon stumps have been made from readily available materials. By using stainless steel wire and polymer fibers, breakloads have been obtained that range from 20 to 100 lb and elongations have been reduced to less than 2%. Pore sizes up to 50 × 250 μ2 were achieved by using woven, knitted, and braided polyester tapes. For all tendons, Silastic was used to isolate inner fibers and to effect smooth gliding. Preliminary evaluation of these devices, after being implanted in the feet of chickens for 4 weeks, indicates that anastomotic strength of unions formed by use of loops is about 1000 g compared to more than 2000 for unions formed by tissue ingrowth.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820090418
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antimicrobial polymers (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 9 (1975), S. 55-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: A number of carboxyl-containing ethylene copolymers have been prepared which exhibit long term antibacterial and antifungal properties. These materials, containing antimicrobial agents bound to the copolymer backbone as carboxylate salts, have been tested for their applicability to hospital products as a means of providing “self-sanitizing” articles. Tests have shown that these materials, although not bactericidal, do inhibit microbial growth. Investigations of the compatibility of these polymers with commodity polymers have been made and water emulsions of the polymers have been tested for applicability as components of product protectant coatings.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820090106
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soft tissue response to four dense ceramic materials and two clinically used biomaterials (1975)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 9 (1975), S. 73-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Disk-shaped implants of spinel, alumina, mullite, zircon, a cast Co-Cr-Mo alloy, and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), were implanted in the paraspinalis muscle of 12 adult, male, white New Zealand rabbits. Prior to implantation the implants were characterized with respect to size and shape, weight and surface roughness. After periods of 1 month, 2 months, and 4 months, the rabbits were sacrificed and the tissue specimens were retrieved with the implants still intact. Histological examination of the tissues surrounding the implants along with changes in the size and shape, weight, and surface roughness of the implants were used a criteria for evaluating these materials for implant purposes.No surface degradation of any of the materials was detected using scanning electron microscopy. Fibrous tissue seemed to adhere to the UHMWPE implants more than any other material used in this study. Large amounts of fibrous tissue were also found to adhere to the cast Co-Cr-Mo alloy implants.The histological results indicated that within the limits of this investigation, the biocompatibility of the ceramic materials used in this study compared favorably with the clinically used Co-Cr-Mo alloy implants and the UHMWPE implants.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820090411
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