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  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (9)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (6)
  • 1995-1999
  • 1985-1989  (14)
  • 1975-1979  (1)
  • 1989  (9)
  • 1986  (5)
  • 1975  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 36 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Recent works on prostomatid ciliates show that some genera of this group have a differentiated oral infraciliature and that their stomatogenesis during division involves the proliferation of only a few somatic kineties. These findings have significant implications regarding the iaxonomic status of these genera and also on the terminology used for the oral structures. In Urotricha ondina, the oral infraciliature consists of (1) a paroral kinety formed of paired kinetosomes that encircle the cytostome at the anterior pole of the cell and (2) 3 adoral organelles, each formed of 2 rows of kinetosomes, ventral in position and obliquely disposed, lying above 3 short somatic kineties that do not reach the anterior pole of the cell. This oral ciliature —formerly known as the corona and brosse, respectively—originate during stomatogenesis from the proliferation of 4 somatic kineties that lie posterior to the adoral organelles of the parental cell.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of sensory studies 1 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-459X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Standard texture rating scales of hardness, adhesiveness, fracturability, cohesiveness, and denseness were modified during the training of a Texture Profile panel. New reference materials were selected for each scale to better illustrate the texture characteristics and intensities and to account for previously recommended food products no longer available. In addition, new reference scales for wetness, adhesiveness to lips, roughness, self-adhesiveness, springiness, cohesiveness of mass, moisture absorption, adhesiveness to teeth, and manual adhesiveness were developed. The application of new texture reference scales reduced the variability among panelists and provided consistent judgments in texture evaluations. Expanded and improved definitions and evaluation procedures for texture attributes are presented. Also, special considerations for the use of reference scales in texture evaluations are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 12 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Under stress conditions (darkness, nitrogen starvation, high ammonium concentrations, glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase inhibition) glutamate dehydrogenase animating activity levels of Chlamydomonas cells varied inversely to those of glutamine synthetase. Nitrogen and carbon sources also influenced glutamate dehydrogenase levels in Chlamydomonas, the highest values being found in cells cultured mixotrophically with ammonium, under which conditions glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase levels were likewise inversely related. These facts, together with the analysis of internal fluctuations of ammonium, 2-oxoglutarate, and the amino acid pool as well as the variations of certain enzymes involved in carbon metabolism indicate that glutamate dehydrogenase animating activity is adaptative, being involved in the maintenance of intracellular levels of L-glutamate when they cannot be maintained by the GS-GOGAT cycle, and probably more connected with carbon than nitrogen metabolism.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 51 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The recovery and growth rates of C. perfringens were evaluated in media to which an oxygen-reducing membrane fraction from E. coli was added. Each of three C. perfringens strains was incubated in Tryptose Sulfite Cycloserine agar, with and without the membrane fraction. Recoveries were greater on media incubated aerobically with the membrane fraction than on the other formulations incubated an-aerobically or aerobically. C. perfringens ATCC 12917 reached stationary phase more rapidly in fluid thioglycollate medium (FTM) plus the membrane fraction than in FTM alone. Results showed that the membrane fraction allowed aerobic incubation for the recovery of C. perfringens.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 75 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Intercellular acidic isoperoxidases (EC 1.11.1.7) isolated from exponentially growing lupin (Lupinus albus. L. cv. multolupa) hypocotyls are under the control of exogenously applied auxins. Application of auxins leads to a short-term reduction in the level of free intercellular peroxidases, and this effect is associated with a binding of these free peroxidases to the cell walls, probably mediated by an acidification of the cell wall. The ratio of free intercellular peroxidases to the total intercellular peroxidase activity, varies along the axis of exponentially growing hypocotyls. It has a V-shaped distribution with the minimum value in the elongation III-zone, where high levels of auxins have previously been implied in differentiation. This minimum value coincides spatially with the first signs of cell wall thickening in the hypocotyl cells and, paradoxically, it is out of phase with respect to the maximal cell elongation. On the other hand, the ratio of free intercellular peroxidases reaches its maximal values in both the most undiffercntiated phloem cells and the differentiated xylem cells. High levels of free intercellular peroxidase activity in phloem cells are hard to explain, since phloem cell walls remain unlignified during almost all stages of differentiation. However, association of free intercellular peroxidase activity with xylem cells is clearly associated with the lignification of the xylem cell walls. The physiological significance of the binding vs release of intercellular peroxidase is discussed in relation to the catalytic properties and stability at acidic pH of both the bound and free forms of this enzyme.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Stomatal response, chlorophyll and carotenoid content, and photosynthetic electron transport were investigated in Medicago sativa L. (cv. Aragón) and Trifolium pratense L. (cv. Violeta) after plants were exposed to various glyphosate [N-(phophonomethyl)glycine] concentrations. The herbicide decreased the content of photosynthetic pigments when applied at concentrations of 0.15, 1.5 and 15 mM, showing a greater effect on chlorophyll pigments than on carotenoids. The chlorophyll a/b ratio increased as a consequence of a major effect on chlorophyll b. Glyphosate treatment (15 mM) led to a closure of stomates after seven days in both species. The results suggest that glyphosate acts as an electron transport inhibitor, because glyphosate pre-incubated chloroplasts, isolated from control plants, showed reduced photosystem II and photosystem I activities. In general, clover was more sensitive to glyphosate than glyphosate, lucerne.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 58 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The adenylate energy charge of cells of Myoococcus coralloides D has been measured during the different stages of its life cycle. The energy charge of the vegetative cells (0.8) did not change significantly either during glycerol-induced myxospore formation, or during germination of these myxospores. Fruiting body myxospores had a relatively high energy charge (0.65). The adenylate energy charge decreased slightly (from 0.82 to 0.65) throughout fruiting body development and returned to values of vegetative cells in the early hours of germination of fruiting body myxospores. The levels of adenine nucleotide in myxospores in desiccation conditions were similar to those before desiccation.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 65 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Pool changes in the orthophosphate and acid soluble and insoluble polyphosphates of Myxococcus coralloides D were determined during the different stages of its life cycle. The acid-insoluble fraction is the major fraction. Polyphosphate was synthesised during vegetative growth in a liquid medium and during aggregation and fruiting body maturation. During the induction and germination of myxospores both types of polyphosphate were depleted, the acid-insoluble fraction during the myxospore induction and the acid-soluble during germination. The orthophosphate pool remained constant or increased during growth in a liquid medium, increased during growth on solid media and myxospore induction and decreased during myxospore germination.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 61 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii there are three glutamate dehydrogenase isozymes which can use both NADH and NADPH as cofactors and respond differently to different nitrogen sources and several stress conditions. From data of induction of isozymes in different metabolic situations, we propose a possible physiological role for each of them in algal carbon and nitrogen metabolism.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Einige Festkörperrcaktionen. die zur Bildung von Polymer-Kristallen führen. werden diskutiert und es wird gezeigt, wie man die Ergebnisse der morphologischen Untersuchungen dazu verwenden kann, den Mechanismus der Festkörperpolymerisation aufzuklären. Beispiele für die folgenden drei Mechanismen werden im einzelnen behandelt: (a) Kristallisation der makromolckularen Ketten nach der Polymerisation, (b) simultane Polymerisation und Kristallisation, (c) Polymerisation in fester Lösung.Als ein Beispiel für Kristallisation nach bereits erfolgter Polymerisation wird die Morphologie von Ziegler-Natta Olefin-Polymerisaten diskutiert. Ein anderes Beispiel dafür liefert die kationische Polymerisation von 1,3,5-Trioxan aus Lösungen. Es wird gezeigt. daß in diesem Fall das System einem thermodynamischen Gleichgewicht zwischen der kristallinen Phase des Polymeren und dem gelösten Monomeren zustrebt. Dabei findet durch Aufbrechen der Kettenfalten und Einbau von Monomereinheiten ein Dickenwachstum der Kristalle statt, das schließlich zur Entstehung von gestrecktkettigen Kristallen durch diese Transacctalisierung führt.Die durch Bestrahlung oder katalytisch induzierte Festkörperpolymerisation von 1,3,5-Trioxan oder 1,3,5,7-Tetroxan stellt ein Beispiel für simultane Polymerisation und Kristallisation dar. Einige molekulare Modelle für das Wachstum der Ketten werden auf Grund der morphologischen Beobachtung entwickelt. Es zeigt sich, daß bei diesen Reaktionen im allgemeinen keine wirklichen gestrecktkettigen Kristalle des Poly(oxymethylen)s. (POM) entstehen; Ursache dafür ist entweder Kettenfaltung (Dichtefluktuation entlang der Faserachse) oder Zwillingsbildung (Orienticrungsfluktuation). Art und Ursprung der Zwillingsbildung von POM aus kristallinem 1,3,5-Trioxan wird im einzelnen erörtert.Die topochemische Polymerisation von Monomeren mit konjugierten Dreifachbindungen gibt ein Beispiel für Polymerisation in fester Lösung. Die Polymerketten wachsen als isolierte Einheiten im Gitter des Monomeren. In einigen Fällen kann das gesamte Monornere ohne Phasentrennung umgesetzt werden. Dadurch entstehen makroskopische Polymer-Einkristalle aus gestreckten Ketten. die bisher noch nicht auf andere Weise dargestellt werden konnten.
    Notes: Some solid-state reactions which give rise to the formation of polymer crystals are discussed and the observation of the nascent polymer morphology is used as a guide-line to learn about the reaction mechanism of solid-state polymerizations. Examples for the following three different mechanisms are treated in detail: (a) crystallization succeeding polymerization, (b) simultaneous polymerization and crystallization, and (c) polymerization in solid solution.The nascent morphology of poly(alkylene)s obtained by Ziegler-Natta catalysis is taken as an example for crystallization succeeding polymerization. Another example is the cationic polymerization of 1,3,5-trioxane from solution. In this case a thermodynamic equilibrium between the phases of the solid crystalline polymer and the dissolved monomer is approached; here, by breaking up chain folds and insertion of monomeric units, an increase in thickness of the crystals takes place, which finally leads to extended chain crystals by this transacetalization.The solid-state polymerization of 1,3,5-trioxane and 1,3,5,7-tetroxane as induced by high-energy radiation or catalysts is described as an example for simultaneous polymerization and crystallization. Possible molecular models of the chain growth are developed on the basis of the morphological observations. Truly extended chain crystals of poly(oxymethylene), (POM), cannot be obtained generally from solid 1,3,5-trioxane or 1,3,5,7-tetroxane; the reason for this is either chain-folding (density fluctuation along the fibre axis) or “twin”-structure formation (orientation fluctuation). The nature and origin of the “twin”-structure of POM from crystalline 1,3,5-trioxane is discussed in detail.Topochemical polymerization of monomers with conjugated triple-bonds is an example for polymerization in solid solution. The polymer chains grow as isolated macromolecules within the monomer lattice. Since quantitative conversion can be reached in some cases without phase separation, this comprises a method to produce macroscopic, extended chain polymer single crystals, which so far could not be prepared by another method.
    Additional Material: 28 Ill.
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