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  • INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY  (73)
  • PROPULSION SYSTEMS
  • 1970-1974  (98)
  • 1935-1939
  • 1974  (98)
  • 1
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    Study of casing treatment stall margin improvement phenomena (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The results of a program of experimental and analytical research in casing treatments over axial compressor rotor blade tips are presented. Circumferential groove, axial-skewed slot, and blade angle slot treatments were tested. These yielded, for reduction in stalling flow and loss in peak efficiency, 5.8% and 0 points, 15.3% and 2.0 points, and 15.0% and 1.2 points, respectively. These values are consistent with other experience. The favorable stalling flow situations correlated well with observations of higher-then-normal surface pressures on the rotor blade pressure surfaces in the tip region, and with increased maximum diffusions on the suction surfaces. Annular wall pressure gradients, especially in the 50-75% chord region, are also increased and blade surface pressure loadings are shifted toward the trailing edge for treated configurations. Rotor blade wakes may be somewhat thinner in the presence of good treatments, particularly under operating conditions close to the baseline stall.
    Keywords: PROPULSION SYSTEMS
    Type: NASA-CR-134552 , R73AEG326
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Operating manual for coaxial injection combustion model (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: An operating manual for the coaxial injection combustion model (CICM) is presented as the final report for an eleven month effort designed to provide improvement, to verify, and to document the comprehensive computer program for analyzing the performance of thrust chamber operation with gas/liquid coaxial jet injection. The effort culminated in delivery of an operation FORTRAN IV computer program and associated documentation pertaining to the combustion conditions in the space shuttle main engine. The computer program is structured for compatibility with the standardized Joint Army-Navy-NASA-Air Force (JANNAF) performance evaluation procedure. Use of the CICM in conjunction with the JANNAF procedure allows the analysis of engine systems using coaxial gas/liquid injection.
    Keywords: PROPULSION SYSTEMS
    Type: NASA-CR-129031
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    SAS-2 observations of gamma rays from the galactic plane (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Preliminary data are given for the SAS-2 high energy galactic gamma ray observation. These data include both latitude and longitude distributions. The longitude distribution shows a high density region. The latitude distributions toward the center and the anti-center are markedly different, the former showing a two-component structure of half-widths of approximately 3 and 6 deg. The energy spectrum in the range 35 to 200 MeV is hard, consistent with cosmic ray interactions with interstellar matter, including neutral pions decay and emission from energetic electron interactions. The data is consistent with an interpretation in terms of the confinement of the cosmic rays in the spiral arms.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: ESRO The Context and Status of Gamma Ray Astronomy; p 201-204
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Lower atmosphere composition and temperature experiment (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Description of an optical design evolved as a result of such a unique set of experiment requirements as: high spatial and spectral resolution, the need to scan object space in both elevation and azimuth, and tight size and weight limitations dictated by typical spacecraft constraints. All of these requirements are shown to have been met in an optical system that has been built, tested, and flown under extremely tight schedule and cost constraints.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Optical Engineering; 13; July-Aug
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Partial performance degradation of a remote sensor in a space environment, and some probable causes (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The Multispectral Scanner (MSS) was launched on the Earth Resources Technology Satellite (ERTS-1) on July 23, 1972. The MSS has two calibration systems, one internal and one external. Both calibration systems have shown strong, spectrally dependent performance degradation since launch. This paper presents details on the optical system of the MSS and data on the performance degradation as a function of both spectral interval and time in orbit. The history of the MSS during tests is traced, and it is shown that hydrocarbons from an external source may have been deposited on optical surfaces in the instrument. It is postulated that these contaminant coatings may have polymerized as a result of the exposure to UV light from the sun, increasing their blue absorbtion and accounting for the observed performance degradation.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: Applied Optics; 13; May 1974
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    Cold-flow performance of several variations of a ram-air-cooled plug nozzle for supersonic-cruise aircraft (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Experimental data were obtained with a 21.59 cm (8.5 in.) diameter cold-flow model in a static altitude facility to determine the thrust and pumping characteristics of several variations of a ram-air-cooled plug nozzle. Tests were conducted over a range of nozzle pressure ratios simulating supersonic cruise and takeoff conditions. Primary throat area was also varied to simulate afterburner on and off. Effect of plug size, outer shroud length, primary nozzle geometry, and varying amounts of secondary flow were investigated. At a supersonic cruise pressure ratio of 27, nozzle efficiencies were 99.7 percent for the best configurations.
    Keywords: PROPULSION SYSTEMS
    Type: NASA-TM-X-3110 , E-7975
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 7
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    Electric arc discharge damage to ion thruster grids (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Arcs representative of those occurring between the grids of a mercury ion thruster were simulated. Parameters affecting an arc and the resulting damage were studied. The parameters investigated were arc energy, arc duration, and grid geometry. Arc attenuation techniques were also investigated. Potentially serious damage occurred at all energy levels representative of actual thruster operating conditions. Of the grids tested, the lowest open-area configuration sustained the least damage for given conditions. At a fixed energy level a long duration discharge caused greater damage than a short discharge. Attenuation of arc current using various impedances proved to be effective in reducing arc damage. Faults were also deliberately caused using chips of sputtered materials formed during the operation of an actual thruster. These faults were cleared with no serious grid damage resulting using the principles and methods developed in this study.
    Keywords: PROPULSION SYSTEMS
    Type: NASA-TM-X-3044 , E-7767
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Simultaneous active and passive microwave response of the earth - The Skylab radscat experiment (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Skylab microwave radiometer-scatterometer experiment S-193 was designed to collect simultaneous information on the radiometric emission and the backscatter from the earth from orbital altitude for the first time. A primary driving force was ascertaining the response from the oceans of both active and passive systems to variations in wind, and the ability of the passive system to aid in calibrating the active system. Numerous overland applications were also explored. Preliminary results of backscatter and emission from sea and atmosphere are shown for hurricane Ava and for two flights across the Gulf of Mexico. The results tend to confirm the most recent theoretical prediction of an approximately square-law relation between scattering coefficient for horizontal polarization and windspeed, with a somewhat smaller dependence for vertical polarization. Overland measurements show that scatterometer signals at 30 deg increase and radiometer signals decrease for terrain that has recently experienced rainfall.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: International Symposium on Remote Sensing of Environment; Apr 15, 1974 - Apr 19, 1974; Ann Arbor, MI
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    A filter spectrometer concept for facsimile cameras (1974)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A concept which utilizes interference filters and photodetector arrays to integrate spectrometry with the basic imagery function of a facsimile camera is described and analyzed. The analysis considers spectral resolution, instantaneous field of view, spectral range, and signal-to-noise ratio. Specific performance predictions for the Martian environment, the Viking facsimile camera design parameters, and a signal-to-noise ratio for each spectral band equal to or greater than 256 indicate the feasibility of obtaining a spectral resolution of 0.01 micrometers with an instantaneous field of view of about 0.1 deg in the 0.425 micrometers to 1.025 micrometers range using silicon photodetectors. A spectral resolution of 0.05 micrometers with an instantaneous field of view of about 0.6 deg in the 1.0 to 2.7 micrometers range using lead sulfide photodetectors is also feasible.
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: NASA-TN-D-7560 , L-9356
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    Calibration and data analysis of the SAS-II gamma ray telescope (1974)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Keywords: INSTRUMENTATION AND PHOTOGRAPHY
    Type: International Cosmic Ray Conference; Aug 17, 1973 - Aug 30, 1973; Denver, CO
    Format: text
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