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  • Springer  (7)
  • Wiley  (2)
  • 2010-2014
  • 1995-1999
  • 1985-1989
  • 1980-1984
  • 1970-1974  (9)
  • 1974  (9)
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Publisher
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  • 2010-2014
  • 1995-1999
  • 1985-1989
  • 1980-1984
  • 1970-1974  (9)
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 105 (1974), S. 11-18 
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Zinc phosphites ZnPHO3·2.5 H2O, Zn2H2P3H3O9·H2O, Zn3H4P5H5O15·1.5 H2O, ZnH2H2P2H2O6 have been studied at higher temperatures and by X-rays and molecular spectroscopy. Hydrates ZnPHO3·2.5 H2O and Zn2H2P3H3O9·H2O, when heated, yield an anhydrous salt. Thermal decomposition of dihydrogen triorthophosphite and tetrahydrogen pentaorthophosphite leads, before oxidation of the anion, to a mixture of zinc phosphite ZnPHO3 and dihydrogen diorthophosphite ZnH2P2H2O6 and then after loss of water of constitution dihydrogen diorthophosphite converts to zinc diphosphite ZnP2H2O5. The results of the thermal decomposition study were confirmed by X-ray investigation. Anhydrous zinc dihydrogen triorthophosphite Zn2H2P3H3O9 and zinc diphosphite ZnP2H2O5 were hitherto unknown. Infrared spectra confirmed the existence of hydrogen bonding in all the phosphites studied and in the case of zinc phosphite ZnPHO3·2.5 H2O exhibited a symmetry decrease of the anion PHO3 2− from the point group C3v to Cs. In the crystal lattice of ZnPHO3·2.5 H2O hydrogen bonding by water molecules participates, with polyorthophosphites hydrogen bonding shares in the production of anions and in the case of their hydrates there is in addition hydrogen bonding by water molecules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatshefte für Chemie 105 (1974), S. 1030-1043 
    ISSN: 1434-4475
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Manganese(II) phosphites MnHPO3·3.6 H2O, Mn3H6P4O12·1.5 H2O, MnH4P2O6·H2O, Mn2H11P5O15·4 H2O, Mn2H17P7O21· 4 H2O and MnH10P4O12·H2O have been studied by IR spectroscopy, thermography and magnetic measurements. Based on the results obtained, the following structural model is proposed: in the compounds studied, each Mn(II) ion is surrounded octahedrally by the oxygen atoms of water molecules and phosphite or polyorthophosphite anions. In the phosphite MnHPO3·3.6H2O the C3v symmetry of the anion decreases to Cs. The anion is characterized by the bond lengthsr PO=1.49 Å and $$r_{PO_2 }$$ =1.52 Å, force constantsK PO=7.8 mdyn/Å and $$K_{PO_2 }$$ =6.4 mdyn/Å and bond ordersN PO=1.68 and $$N_{PO_2 }$$ =2.03. Apart from the interaction between this deformed anion and the Mn(II) cation, hydrogen bonds of approximate length 2.84 Å and energy 5.0 kcal/mole are formed in the phosphite mentioned, linking the water molecules in the coordination sphere. In the other phosphites studied, the following types of hydrogen bond are found: hydrogen bonds linking hydrate water molecules, those between water molecules and the anion, and another systems of hydrogen bonds in the polyorthosphite anions.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal for general philosophy of science 5 (1974), S. 308-316 
    ISSN: 1572-8587
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Philosophy , Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Der Artikel enthält eine Metakritik an einer von Vertretern der ‘Erlanger Schule’ vorgebrachten Kritik der Wissenschaftstheorie des Kritischen Rationalismus Poppers und Alberts. Von Janich/Kambartel/Mittelstraß war behauptet worden, das bei der Frage der Begründung wissenschaftlicher Sätze auftretende Trilemma von unendlichem Regreß, Zirkelschluß und axiomatischer Grundlegung beruhe auf einem „höchst eingeschränkten Verständnis von Begründung“ und könne durch den Begriff der Verteidigung bzw. Verteidigbarkeit von Behauptungssätzen aufgelöst werden. Es wird gezeigt, daß die Auflösung dieses Trilemmas nur vermeintlich ist, weil sie auf einer unzulässigen Änderung der Beweislastregelung beruht.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 252 (1974), S. 100-116 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The stepwise reduction of the cystine bridges in keratin fibres as well as in other cystine containing proteins followed by blocking of the SH-groups by methylation with CH3J is accompagnied by the formation of increasing amounts of dehydroalanine. The double bonds of this amino acid take part in several side reactions. For example: Thiol groups of cysteine formed during a subsequent treatment with a reducing agent may react with dehydroalanine forming artificial lanthionine crosslinks. In the same way the reducing agent like thioglycollic acid is added to the double bonds. The resulting S-carboxymethylcysteine residues exert strong electrostatic repulsive forces to one another influencing the conformation of the protein chains to a high degree. Furthermore, the amino groups of lysine are added to the dehydroalanine forming lysinoalanine. In this way the lysine content of the fibres is decreased continuously, another artificial crosslink results. p ]It should be expected that the treatment of the keratin fibres with the reducing. agent and methyliodide causes an increasing content of lysinoalanine. Aminoacid analysis shows, however, that this is not the case: as a consequence of repeated treatment with CH3J the quaternary N-Dimethyllysinoalanine occurs which is followed by aβ-elimination reaction. The products of this decomposition are Ne-dimethyllysine and dehydroalanine. The latter is again subject to the reactions mentioned above. Because of the low PK-value of the imino group of histidine the side chain of this amino acid is methylated too. At first 1-Nim-methylhistidine and only a little 3-Nim-histidine occurs. As a result of subsequent methylation 1,3-Nim-dimethylhistidine is formed to a high degree. On the contrary to thiol containing proteins blocked with the acid of monoiodacetate or monoiodacetamide, methyliodide treated keratins contain the desired S-methylcysteine only to some extent but remarkable amounts of several other reaction products like S-carboxymethylcysteine Lanthionine Lysinoalanine 1-Nim-methylhistidine 3-Nim-methylhistidine 1,3-Nim-methylhistidine Nɛ-methyllysine and Nɛ-trimethyllysine
    Notes: Zusanunenfassung Bei der schrittweisen Herabsetzung des Cysteingehaltes von Keratinfasern durch Reduktion der Disulfidbrücken und anschließende Methylierung der entstandenen SH-Gruppen mit Methyljodid werden in das Faserprotein Doppelbindungen eingeführt, deren Anzahl mit abnehmendem Schwefelgehalt der Fasern steigt. Diese in relativ hoher Konzentration vorliegenden Doppelbindungen sind zu einer Vielzahl vom Neben-reaktionen befähigt. Sie reagieren unter Anlagerung von freien SH-Gruppen des Cysteins zu Lanthionin und mit den freienɛ-Amino-Gruppen des Lysins zu Lysinoalanin. Bei einer erneuten Reduktion der Fasern mit dem Reduktionsmittel Thioglykolsäure entsteht durch Addition an die Doppelbindungen S-Carboxymethylcystein. Nur ein geringer Teil der SH-Gruppen wird nur einfach methyliert und liegt als S-Methylcystein in der Faser vor. Andererseits reagiert das Methylierungsmittel Methyljodid nicht nur mit den vorhandenen SH-Gruppen, sondern auch mit einem Teil der basischen Aminosäuren. So nimmt bei der Methylierung von Keratinfasem der Histidingehalt des Proteins ständig ab und verschwindet bei weitgehender Methylierung schließlich ganz. Das Histidin wird dabei in 1-Nim-Methylhistidin und in geringerem Umfang in 3-Nim-Methylhistidin übergeführt, die anschließend durch weitere Methylierung zu 1,3-Nim-Dimethylhistidin umgesetzt werden. Ebenso nimmt der Lysingehalt des Proteins bei Behandlung mit Methyljodid ständig ab. Neben Lysinoalanin wird teilweise Nɛ-Methyllysin gebildet. Der Gehalt der Fasern an Lysinoalanin nimmt mit zunehmender Methylierung ebenfalls ab. Es wurde, gezeigt, daß durch Methylierung am Stickstoff Nɛ-Di-methyllysinoalanin gebildet wird, das in Nɛ-Dimethyl-lysin und Dehydroalanin zerfällt. Das Ne-Dimethyllysin kann unter geeigneten Bedingungen durch überschüssiges CH3J zum Nε-Trimethyllysin umgesetzt werden. Das entstandene Dehydroalanin könnte, soweit es die sterischen Verhältnisse in der Faser erlauben, erneut zu Lanthionin, Lysinoalanin oder gegebenenfalls zu S-Carboxymethylcystein reagieren. Im Gegensatz zur „sauberen” Blockierung SH-haltiger Proteine, die man bei der Anwendung von Jodacetat oder Jodacetamid als Blockierungsmittel erhält, enthalten die mit Methyljodid blockierten Keratine eine Vielzahl weiterer Reaktionsprodukte neben dem nur in geringem Maße vorhandenen S-Methylcystein, wie S-Carboxymethylcystein Lanthionin Lysinoalanin 1-Nim-Methylhistidin 3-Nim-Methylhistidin 1,3-Nim-Methylhistidin Nɛ-Meihyllysin und Nɛ-Trimethyllysin
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 272 (1974), S. 287-288 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Blei in Harn ; Spektralphotometrie, Atomabsorption ; flammenlos, ÄDTA-Zusatz
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1974-01-01
    Print ISSN: 0016-1152
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Springer
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1974-02-01
    Print ISSN: 0372-820X
    Electronic ISSN: 1435-1536
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Springer
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1974-08-01
    Print ISSN: 0014-2956
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-1033
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1974-05-01
    Print ISSN: 0044-2313
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-3749
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Wiley
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