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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (28)
  • Physics  (6)
  • 1975-1979  (19)
  • 1970-1974  (9)
  • 1965-1969
  • 1975  (19)
  • 1974  (9)
Collection
Publisher
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  • 1975-1979  (19)
  • 1970-1974  (9)
  • 1965-1969
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 14 (1975), S. 1109-1114 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Darstellung von Poly(γ-p-biphenylmethyl-L-Glutamat), PBPLG, (Poly{L-imino-1-[2-(4-biphenylmethoxycarbonyl)äthyl]-2-oxoäthylen}), (1d) wird beschrieben. Das Viskositätsverhalten dieses Polymers in Mischungen aus Benzol und Dichloressigsäure (c=0,2.10 - 3 - 1,4.10 - 3g/cm3) bei 25°CC wird untersucht. Die Ergebnisse werden verglichen mit Messungen unter den gleichen Bedingungen an Poly(γ-benzyl-L-Glutamat),PBLG, (Poly[ L-imino-l-(2-benzyloxycarbonylathyl)-2-oxoathylen]), (lc). In beiden Fallenfindet ein zweistufiger Ubergang von einer starren, von Wasserstoffbrucken stabilisiertenHelix in ein statistisches, solvatisiertes Knduel statt : PBPLG (erste Stufe CrSSX,, zweite Stufe 55-100%, Dichloressigsaure und PBLG (erste Stufe 0-70%, zweite Stufe 70-100%,Dichloressigsaure)).Die Einfiihrung eines p-Phenylsubstituenten in PBLG fuhrt deshalb in Mischungen aus Benzol- und Dichloressigsaure zu einer weniger stabilisierten Helix.Die Stabilitat und das Viskositatsverhalten von PBLG in Mischungen aus Benzol und Dichloressigsaure (c=0,2.10-3 -14.10-3g/cm3) sind denjenigen von PBLG in Mi-schungen aus m-Kresol und Dichloressigslure ( c = 1,0.10-3-4,0. 10-3g/cm3) ähnlich.
    Notes: The synthesis of poly(γ-p-biphenylmethyl-L-glutamate), PBPLG, (poly{L-imino-1-[2-(4-biphenylylmethoxycarbonyl)ethyl]-2-oxoethylene}), (1d) is described. The viscosity behavior of this polymer in benzene/dichloroacetic acid mixtures (c=0,2.10 - 3 - 1,4.10 - 3 g/cm3) at 25°CC is investigated. The results are compared with measurements on poly(γ-benzyl-L-glutamate), PBLG, (poly[L-imino-1-(2-benzyloxycarbonylethyl)-2-oxoethylene]), (1c) under the same conditions. A transition from a rigid hydrogen bonded helix to a random solvated coil occurs in two stages for both: PBPLG (first stage 0 - 55%, second stage 55 - 100% dichloroacetic acid) and PBLG (first stage 0 - 70%, second stage 70 - 100% dichloroacetic acid).Therefore, the introduction of a p-phenyl substituent in PBLG leads to a less stable helix in benzene/dichloroacetic acid mixtures.The stability and viscosity behavior of PBLG in benzene/dichloroacetic acid mixtures (c=0,2.10 - 3 - 1,4.10 - 3g/cm3) is quite similar to the behavior of PBLG in m-cresol/dichloroacetic acid mixtures (c=1,0.10 - 3 - 4,0.10 - 3 g/cm3).
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 14 (1975), S. 2211-2230 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The synthesis and characterization of a series of sequential polypeptides with the repeating sequences Aze-Pro-Aze, Pro-Aze-Pro, Pro-Aze-Gly, Aze-Pro-Gly, Ala-Aze-Gly, Aze-Ala-Gly, and Pro-Pro-Gly are reported. The polymers were prepared by the active ester method, using the p-nitrophenyl, pentachlorophenyl, and N-hydroxysuccinimide esters as the polymerizable tripeptide derivatives. Except for poly(Ala-Aze-Gly) obtained via the N-hydroxysuccinimide ester, all polymers were isolated in good yields and have weight-average molecular weights in the range 10,000-30,000. The molecular weights have been determined by applying the calibrated gel chromatography system described by Fairweather et al. [J. Chromatogr. (1972) 67, 157] and by viscometry. All di- and tripeptide intermediates were chemically and optically pure.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Using the free energy difference between double-helix and random-coil forms of DNA as a measure of the stability of the double helix, we calculate the dependence of the stability on excess univalent cation concentration and on polynucleotide phosphate concentration, both as functions of the equivalent ratio r of divalent cation-to-phosphate concentrations. The theoretical tool is merely to compare the free energy of one polyelectrolyte solution, characterized by the polyelectrolyte linear charge density, with the free energy of another, characterized by a different value of the charge density. It is assumed only that the charge density of the double helix is greater than that of the coil form. The calculation represents the only molecular theory given to date (for r ≠ O) for these aspects of helix stability.We find that, as excess univalent cation concentration increases, the helix stability increases if r is small but decreases if r is large (i.e., of the order of unity). Moreover, as the concentration of nucleotide phosphate increases, the helix stability does not change for small values of r but increases for large values. For both effects, a continuous transition as a function of r bridges the low-r and high-r behaviour.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 14 (1975), S. 1667-1684 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Conformational analysis of double-stranded helical polynucleotides was carried out in terms of internal and external parameters, using semiempirical energy potential functions. The results obtained show that the structures proposed on the basis of the X-ray analysis for A-DNA and RNA's are almost identical to those corresponding to the conformational energy minima, whereas that proposed for B-DNA still appears to suffer from conformational strains. On the other hand, the B-DNA structure theoretically predicted is stabilized by both van der Waals energy and possible specific interactions with water molecules and counterions. This may explain the stability of the B form with respect to the A form at high relative humidity and ion strength. A possible role of the A + T fraction in stabilizing the B-type DNA emerges in connection with its preferential ability to bind ions. This agrees with the results on the crystalline structures of GpC and ApU. For RNA's, the occurrence of only A-type structures is explained as being due to the C(3′)-endo puckering of ribose in a double helix.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 14 (1975), S. 2441-2443 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 176 (1975), S. 203-212 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die direkte Messung der Grenzviskositätszahl von Fraktionen aus der Gelpermeations-chromatographie wird mit dem Konzept der universalen Eichung kombiniert, um Langkettenverzweigung in Polyáthylen zu bestimmen. Das experimentelle Verfahren, einschließlich einer Diffusionsverbreiterungskorrektion für das begrenzte Auflösungsvermögen unseres chromatographischen Systems, wird beschrieben. Die Ergebnisse für drei verzweigte Polyäthylene werden mit den Ergebnissen verglichen, welche mit der Standardmethode (Präparative Kolonnenfraktionierung und Untersuchung der Fraktionen mit Lichtstreuung und Viskosimetrie) erhalten werden.
    Notes: Direct measurement of intrinsic viscosity on gel permeation chromatography effluent was combined with use of the universal calibration concept in order to determine long-chain branching in polyethylene. The experimental procedure, involving an axial dispersion correction for the limited resolution of our chromatographic system, is presented. Results obtained for three branched polyethylene samples are compared with those provided by the well-established method of preparative fractionation by column elution and examination of the fractions by viscometry and light scattering.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 176 (1975), S. 1369-1381 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Der Einfluß der Katalysator-, Monomer-, Liganden-, Wasser- und Sauerstoff-Konzentration auf die Kinetik der oxidativen Polymerisation von 1,8-Nonadiin (1) bei 26°C wurde untersucht. Die Oxidation wurde ausgeführt in Anwesenheit eines homogenen Katalysators aus einem tertiären Amin und Kupfer(I)-chlorid. Die Reaktion ist anfangs fast erster Ordnung bezogen auf [Cu2Cl2] bis zur Löslichkeitsgrenze des aktiven Katalysators und zweiter bis erster Ordnung bezogen auf [1] für kleine bis mittlere Monomer-Konzentrationen. Die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit nimmt mit zunehmendem Wasser-Gehalt ab und steigt mit zunehmender Konzentration und zunehmender Basizität des Liganden: Triäthylamin (TEA) 〉 N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyläthylendiamin (TMED) 〉 Pyridin. Aufgrund dieser kinetischen Ergebnisse und einer Untersuchung der Katalysator-Struktur wird ein Reaktionsschema vorgeschlagen. In diesem Schema wird in einem reversiblen Reaktionsschritt Wasser aus acetylenischen Endgruppen und einem dimeren Kupfer(II)-Komplex [TMED.Cu(OH)]22 · 2Cl- gebildet. Danach findet eine intramolekulare oxidative Kupplung von zwei komplexierten Acetylid-Ionen statt.
    Notes: A study was made of the influence of the concentrations of catalyst, monomer, water, ligand, and oxygen on the rate of oxidative polymerization of 1,8-nonadiyne (1) at 26°C in the presence of homogeneous catalysts derived from cuprous chloride (copper(I) chloride) and tertiary amines. In the initial stages the reaction is nearly first order in [Cu2Cl2] up to the solubility limit of the active catalyst, and second to first order in [1] for low to medium monomer concentrations. The reaction rate decreases with increasing water content and is enhanced by increasing ligand concentration and increasing basicity of the ligand: triethylamine (TEA) 〉 N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine (TMED) 〉 pyridine. On the basis of these kinetic results and a study of the catalyst structure a reaction scheme is proposed. In this scheme the formation of water occurs in reversible reaction steps from acetylenic endgroups and a dimeric copper(II) complex [TMED. Cu(OH)] · 2Cl-, followed by intramolecular oxidative coupling of two complexed acetylide ions.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 176 (1975), S. 3493-3496 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 175 (1974), S. 2983-2989 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die Kristallisationskinetik von zwei verschiedenen Netzwerken aus Naturkautschuk untersucht. Diese Netzwerke wurden durch Vulkanisation unter gewöhnlichen Bedingungen bzw. im gequollenen Zustand erhalten.Die Ergebnisse werden auf molekularer Ebene diskutiert und geben wertvolle Aufschlüsse über die bekannten Abweichungen von der Gaußschen Theorie der Gummielastizität.
    Notes: In the present paper the crystallization kinetics of two networks of natural rubber was analyzed. The two networks were prepared following two different vulcanization techniques, as usual the first, and under swelling conditions the second.The results are discussed at the molecular level and give some important information about the well known deviations from the Gaussian theory on rubber elasticity.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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