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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (166)
  • 1975-1979
  • 1970-1974  (166)
  • 1965-1969
  • 1950-1954
  • 1973  (166)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 1975-1979
  • 1970-1974  (166)
  • 1965-1969
  • 1950-1954
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organometallic polymers. XXV. Preparation of polyvinylferrocene (1973)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 11 (1973), S. 1213-1224 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The synthetic details of solution polymerization in benzene and bulk polymerization of vinylferrocene are reported. In benzene solutions, with azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as the initiator, small yields of low-polydispersity low molecular weight (M̄n ≃ 5000) polyvinylferrocene is obtained. However, high yields can be obtained by continuous or multiple AIBN addition. Higher molecular weight polymers and binodal polymers can be obtained as the monomer concentration is increased. In bulk polymerizations, yields of 80% can be obtained. The molecular weight increases as temperature decreases from 80 to 60°C in bulk polymerizations, and an increasing amount of insoluble polymer results. The soluble portion is often binodal, the higher molecular weight node consisting of an increasingly branched structure. Lower molecular weight polymer was readily fractionated into narrow fractions from benzene-methanol systems, but higher molecular weight polymer proved impossible to fractionate into narrow fractions due to branching.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1973.170110609
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of tanks-in-series model with backflow for free-radical polymerization (1973)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 17 (1973), S. 1339-1360 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Free-radical polymerization in a flow reactor represented by the tanks-in-series model with backflow was considered. Conversions and molecular weight distributions were computed as functions of the backflow parameter, and the results were compared with the conversion and molecular weight distribution from a CSTR and those from a plug-flow reactor. Backflow was found to be undesirable for the polymerization mechanism under investigation. Values of the degree of segregation for the tanks-in-series model were calculated by using Zwietering's approach as a function of backflow.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1973.070170504
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laser Raman studies of conformational variations of poly-L-lysine (1973)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 12 (1973), S. 2161-2176 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The frequencies and intensities of the laser Raman spectra of poly-L-lysine (PLL) have been observed in the following studies: (1) the thermally induced α-to-β transition which occurs with increasing temperature at high pH; (2) the ionized form to α transition at 10°C by increasing pH; and (3) the ionized form to α transition by ionic strength at low pH.The frequency-dependent bands which have been observed are the amide I (in H2O), amide I′ (in D2O), amide III, and C-C stretch. It has been found possible to assign an unique set of frequencies and intensities to each conformation of PLL of α, β, and ionized form. In this way the nature of the conformations intermediate in the transitions can be determined. The frequencies of the amide III and amide III′ are very weak in the α-helix and somewhat higher than usual in the β form. Hence it appears the amide III and amide III′ bands may differ from one type of polypeptide to another with the same backbone conformation.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1973.360120919
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of optimal reactor system configuration for polymerization reactions. II. Effect of chain transfer, autoacceleration, and temperature profile (1973)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 17 (1973), S. 3127-3141 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effect of chaln transfer, diffusion control, and temperature on the optimal design and selection of polymerization reactors was investigated. Chain transfer to the monomer was examined and a parametric study of the corresponding rate constant was carried out. The Trommsdorff effect was included in the model by using a diffusion-controlled termination process. An optimum temperature sequence was determined for this modified model by incorporating the effect of temperature on the rate constants and on the amount and rate of heat removal. Furthermore, the concept of dividing the plug flow reactor into several constant temperature zones was considered, and the effect of “zoning” on the system performance was determined.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1973.070171016
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of optimal reactor system configuration for polymerization reactions. I. Free-radical polymerization at constant temperature (1973)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 17 (1973), S. 3101-3126 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A systematic procedure was developed for selecting the type of reactors or a reactor system configuration for polymerization reactions. Two different mechanisms were investigated, and the “best” reactor system to give the desired quality of the product was determined using a systems synthesis technique. The behavior of the system in the neighborhood of the optimal solution was explored, and the effect of variation in the rate constants and the initial concentrations of the catalyst and the monomer on the optimal reactor system was examined. Recycle streams were introduced and their effect on the system performance was investigated, and finally the applicability of the systems synthesis technique to other polymer reactor design problems was discussed.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1973.070171015
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of sodium hydroxide on crystallite orientation measurements in cotton fibers (1973)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 17 (1973), S. 585-587 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The crystallite reorientation brought about by the swelling of cotton with sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH) has been investigated. The degree of reorientation as indicated by the decreased value of x-ray angle may arise from deconvoluting and not necessarily from a change in orientation of the crystallites within the fibrillar structure.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1973.070170221
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonlinear constrained optimization of filled polyesters (1973)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 17 (1973), S. 3529-3544 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: An efficient method for optimization of a formulation problem subject to nonlinear constraints was demonstrated. Specifically, a nine-variable polyester-filler system was investigated experimentally. The investigation included selection of an efficient experimental design, regression analysis, and study of optimization methods. Recommended procedures are reported, along with examples and discussion of several typical applications.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1973.070171124
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of stress-enhanced reactivity in failure of orthopaedic implants (1973)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 7 (1973), S. 401-418 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Scanning electron micrographs were made of the surfaces of silicone rubber finger joint prostheses which had been subjected to 107 bending cycles at 37°C in bovine serum. Preferential attack at the regions of highest stress and the formation of microcracks of length 10μ and less were observed. By way of analogy with the corrosion fatigue phenomenon in metallic alloys, it is suggested that these may be initiation sites for the mechanical failures which have been observed, and that the acceleration of lipid absorption by tensile stress provides potential mechanisms for both initiation and accelerated propagation of fatigue cracks. It is demonstrated as a consequence of mechanochemical thermodynamics that any constituent of the body fluids (e.g. lipids) which can swell the elastomer will in fact be preferentially absorbed at the point of highest tensile stress, i.e., the crack tip, and that swelling will be accelerated by the applications of tensile stress.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820070325
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct chemical bond of bioactive glass-ceramic materials to bone and muscle (1973)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 7 (1973), S. 25-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The objective of this research is to achieve direct chemical bonding of structurally strong implant materials with hard and soft tissues. This objective has been achieved through the development of a series of surface-active bioglasses and bioglass-ceramics. A controlled release of Ca, P, and Na ions from the surface of the materials produces an alkaline pH and nutrient constituents at a time when the body can incorporate the ions into newly formed tissues. Optical and electron microscopy of in-vivo implants in rat femurs and muscles show the development of stable chemically bonded physiological interfaces after 6 weeks. Microstructure and crystallinity of the materials do not influence the bonding achieved. Mechanical measurements of the bond strength in bone show that the bone fractures before the interface does. In-vitro studies of protein epitaxy, hydroxyapatite crystallization, and solubility kinetics correlate with the proposed interfacial bonding theory.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820070304
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Porous segmented polyurethanes - possible candidates as biomaterials (1973)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 7 (1973), S. 541-554 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: A systematic series of chemically well defined, segmented polyurethane-polyether copolymers and their mixtures are shown to develop predictable and controlled morphologies. Changes in compositions and casting histories allow the preparation of polymer films with various types of morphological structures including uniform nonporous, coalesced spherulitic nonporous, spherulitic porous, and “Swiss cheese-like” structures with uniform (but alterable) pore sizes.The desirability of producing biocompatible materials with controlled morphologies provides incentive for further investigation of these and similar urethane copolymers.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820070606
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