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  • Articles  (29)
  • 1990-1994
  • 1985-1989
  • 1970-1974  (29)
  • 1950-1954
  • 1935-1939
  • 1973  (29)
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  • 1990-1994
  • 1985-1989
  • 1970-1974  (29)
  • 1950-1954
  • 1935-1939
Year
Journal
Topic
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Acylation of indoles by Duff reaction and Vilsmeier-Haack formylation and conformation of N-formylindoles (1973)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 38 (1973), S. 4002-4004 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00987a009
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS IN WATER RESOURCES PLANNING (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 9 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: Historically, the main objective of water resources development has been economic efficiency, and the technique for its evaluation has been benefit-cost analysis. Gradually other objectives have emerged, and these in order of their emergence are regional income redistribution, environmental quality and social well-being. These multi-objectives have given rise to multifarious problems, and have made the planning process much more complex than ever before. The different objectives are not mutually exclusive, and, hence, contributions to one can only be made at the expense of others. Trade-off studies between different objectives are difficult to make. It is suggested that one way to overcome this difficulty could be to design a system to perform optimally in terms of one objective, subject to a specified level of performance of the other, which in effect becomes a constraint. The paper also discusses the pros and cons of the desirability of public participation in our decision-making processes, and the necessity of developing social sciences models to aid water planning and management.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1973.tb01797.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in Endogenous Growth Kegulators in Loblolly Pine Seeds During the Process of Stratification and Germination (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 28 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The seeds of loblolly pine (Pirns taeda L.) were cold-stratified for 0, 14, 28, 42, and 56 days. Endogenous growth regulators were extracted from these seeds, and also from the germinating and the 28-day warm stratified seeds. Partially purified extracts were separated on chromatographic paper. The chromatograms were cut into 10 equal segments, and these were tested for biological activity using three different btoassays.The results indicated that the unstratified seeds and those stratified up to a period of 28 days contained very little or no growth promoter (GA-like substances), and a relatively high concentration of an inhibitor (presumably abscisic acid), Following 42-day stratification, the promoter concentration gradually increased while the inhibitor level fell almost to zero. A high level of promoter but no inhibitor was detected in germinating seeds.No auxin-like activity was noted in the unstratified seeds. This activity slowly increased up to a period of 28 days and remained at this level for the subsequent stratification periods. However, the activity greatly increased in the germinating seeds.Very little changes in the levels of growth regulators were noted in warm-stratified seeds as compared to the unstrati-fied controls.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1973.tb08601.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Post-irradiation dark recovery of photodamage to DNA induced by furocoumarins (1973)
    Springer
    Radiation and environmental biophysics 9 (1973), S. 113-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2099
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Summary Photosensitization processes provoked by furocoumarins on various biological systems seem to be in connection with the photoreactions that these substances give bothin vitro andin vivo with pyrimidine bases of nucleic acids; in particular linear furocoumarins (psoralen) photoreact with native DNA giving both monofunctional and bifunctional additions (forming in this last case inter-strand cross-linkings) while angular furocoumarin (angelicin) can give only monofunctional additions. Previous studies on the possible recovery of this damage to DNA provoked both by linear and angular furocoumarins demonstrated that no repair underwent either by means of photosplitting experiments or through photoreactivation processes. In this paper are reported direct results indicating that the photodamage to DNA is repairable through post-irradiation dark recovery both operating on microbial cultures and on guinea-pig skin. In both biological systems monofunctional additions appear much more easily repairable than bifunctional additions; in any case bifunctional additions (which produce inter-strand cross-linkings) clearly appear to be repairable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01215850
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energetic solar particles and their relation to optical flares (1973)
    Springer
    Solar physics 28 (1973), S. 211-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract It has been recently suggested by several investigators that the accelerated charged particles provide the energy of the optical flare by the ionization loss process. We have examined this mechanism assuming different forms of the spectrum of the accelerated protons at lower chromosphere. The flux and the energy spectrum of protons of energy 0.1–100 MeV have been calculated at successive heights, from 103 to 40 × 103 km from the solar surface taking into account the ionization loss, pitch angle distribution and density distribution of the neutral and ionized hydrogen in the chromosphere and lower corona. Hence the energy spectrum of the protons escaping from the Sun and the amount of energy dissipated in the solar chromosphere are computed. Comparing the calculated results with the observational data on the solar event of September 28, 1961 it is found that the ionization loss of the accelerated protons and heavier nuclei in the solar atmosphere may supply a significant part of the energy of the optical flare assuming that the fraction, f, of magnetic tubes of force extending out of the solar atmosphere is about 1 %. The accelerated proton spectrum in the form of power law in kinetic energy seems to be the most appropriate form. In the event of September 28, 1961 best estimates are made on this basis of the total number and the energy spectrum of protons at injection, the flux and energy spectrum of escaping protons and the energy dissipated in the solar atmosphere by the accelerated ions. It is found that the possible range of variation of the height of injection level hardly affects the total energy dissipated. The high variability of the intensity of protons released by the Sun is interpreted in terms of the variations of the parameter, f, determined by the configurations of the magnetic field lines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00152926
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variations of the relative abundances of He, (C, N, O) and Fe-group nuclei in solar cosmic rays and their relationship to solar particle acceleration (1973)
    Springer
    Solar physics 31 (1973), S. 247-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-093X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Measurements of the flux of helium nuclei in the 24 January, 1971, event and of helium and (C, N, O) nuclei in the 1 September, 1971, event are combined with previous measurements to obtain the relative abundances of helium, (C, N, O), and Fe-group nuclei in these events. These data are then summarized together with previously reported results to show that, even when the same detector system using a dE/dx plus range technique is used, differences in the He/(C, N, O) value in the same energy/nucleon interval are observed in solar cosmic ray events. Further, when the He/(C, N, O) value is lower the He/(Fe-group nuclei) value is also systematically lower in these large events. When solar particle acceleration theory is analyzed, it is seen that the results suggest that, for large events, Coulomb energy loss probably does not play a major role in determining solar particle composition at higher energies (〉 10 MeV). The variations in multicharged nuclei composition are more likely due to partial ionization during the acceleration phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00156087
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the gas-liquid phase transition (1973)
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 7 (1973), S. 131-142 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Partition function ; cluster expansion ; grand partition function ; fugacity expansion ; analyticity ; phase transition ; isotherms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A new approach to the problem of the gas-liquid phase transition, based on the Mayer cluster expansion of the partition function, is proposed. It is shown that the necessary and sufficient condition for phase transition to occur is that there exist a temperatureT= Tc 〉 0 such that forT ⩽T c, all theb l (except perhaps a finite number of them) are positive, where theb l, are the cluster integrals (as defined by Mayer) in the thermodynamic limit. Explicit expressions for the isotherms for gas-saturated vapor and liquid phases are given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01024211
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerization of N-vinylcarbazole by (3d)-transition metal oxides (1973)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 163 (1973), S. 37-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Substanzpolymerisation von N-Vinylcarbazol (NVC) wurde mit 3d-Metalloxid-Katalysatoren durchgeführt, und die folgende Reaktivitätsreihe für die untersuchten Oxide wurde vorgeschlagen: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ {\rm V}_{\rm 2} {\rm O}_{\rm 5} {\rm 〉 MnO}_{\rm 2} {\rm 〉 TiO}_{\rm 2} {\rm 〉 Cr}_{\rm 2} {\rm O}_{\rm 3} {\rm 〉 NiO 〉 ZnO 〉 Cu}_{\rm 2} {\rm O 〉 CuO 〉 Co}_{\rm 3} {\rm O}_{\rm 4} {\rm andCoO} $$\end{document} wobei die Oxide des Kupfers und Kobalts nicht wirksam sind. Einige kinetische Untersuchungen wurden mit dem System NVC/MnO2 ausgeführt. Auf Grund der Verzögerung der Polymerisationsgeschwindigkeit bei Gegenwart von Wasser oder Thiophen wurde ein kationischer Mechanismus für die Polymerisation vorgeschlagen. Die Wirkungslosigkeit der Kupfer- und Kobaltoxide als Katalysatoren wurde vorläufig mit der Annahme gedeutet, daß sie eher oxydierend wirken als durch π-Komplex-Bindung. Rühren übt keinen Einfluß auf die Polymerisationsgeschwindigkeit aus.
    Notes: The bulk polymerization of N-Vinylcarbazole (NVC) is carried out using some 3 d-metal oxides as catalysts and the following order of reactivity is suggested for the various metal oxides studied: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ {\rm V}_{\rm 2} {\rm O}_{\rm 5} {\rm 〉 MnO}_{\rm 2} {\rm 〉 TiO}_{\rm 2} {\rm 〉 Cr}_{\rm 2} {\rm O}_{\rm 3} {\rm 〉 NiO 〉 ZnO 〉 Cu}_{\rm 2} {\rm O 〉 CuO 〉 Co}_{\rm 3} {\rm O}_{\rm 4} {\rm andCoO} $$\end{document} the oxides of copper and cobalt being ineffective. Some kinetic studies are carried out with the NVC/MnO2 system. Endorsed by the observed retardation of the rate in the presence of water and thiophene a cationic mechanism is suggested for the polymerization. The incapability of the oxides of Cu and Co to act as good catalysts is tentatively explained by supposing that they act as oxidizing rather than π-complexing polymerization catalysts. Stirring does not show any influence on the rate of polymerization.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1973.021630103
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerization of N-vinylcarbazole by chlorides and oxychlorides of some group V elements. II. Kinetics and mechanism of the polymerization initiated by arsenic trichloride (1973)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 11 (1973), S. 7-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The polymerization of N-vinylcarbazole (NVC) initiated by AsCl3 in benzene and nitrobenzene solvents was studied at 33°C. Rp is proportional to the first power of the initiator concentration. Rp varies in a first-order manner with NVC concentration up to a certain optimum concentration of the latter, after which it falls and ultimately levels off. The rate and the molecular weight are depressed by the addition of various amines, preformed poly-NVC, and water. HCl does not have any cocatalytic effect on the system. Rate and the molecular weight are increased in nitrobenzene. The degree of polymerization stays independent of the initiator and NVC concentration and also of increasing conversion. These results suggest a conventional cationic mechanism, and overrule the possibility of a cation radical initiation. A suitable kinetic scheme has been proposed in conformity with the findings.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1973.170110102
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some aspects of the polymerization of α-methyl styrene and N-vinyl pyrrolidone by AsCl3 and POCl3 (1973)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 11 (1973), S. 639-643 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6384
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1973.130111008
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