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  • SPACE SCIENCES  (320)
  • METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY  (198)
  • SOLAR PHYSICS  (141)
  • STRUCTURAL MECHANICS  (128)
  • Life and Medical Sciences
  • 1980-1984  (515)
  • 1970-1974  (398)
  • 1984  (324)
  • 1980  (191)
  • 1973  (398)
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Keywords
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  • 1980-1984  (515)
  • 1970-1974  (398)
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphological and ultrastructural characterization of mammalian spermatozoa processed for flow cytometric DNA analyses (1984)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 10 (1984), S. 339-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: spermatozoa ; flow cytometry ; DNA staining ; nuclear morphology ; ultrastructure ; mammals ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The morphological and ultrastructural changes that occur during preparation of porcine, bovine, and murine spermatozoa for flow cytometric quantification of the relative DNA content of the X- and Y-chromosome-bearing sperm populations were examined. Ejaculated spermatozoa from the boar and bull were washed using a series of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solutions prior to fixation, whereas the epididymal mouse spermatozoa were washed only in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Spermatozoa from all three species were then fixed in ethanol and processed for fluorochrome staining by a treatment regimen consisting of sulfhydryl reduction and proteolysis. The processed sperm nuclei were stained for DNA with the fluorochrome, 4′-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) before quantification by flow cytometry. Scanning and transmission electron micrographs of sperm heads taken at various steps of the preparation and staining procedures show 1) that the rigorous washing procedure disrupted the plasma and outer acrosomal membranes, 2) that ethanol fixation resulted in removal of the outer membranes and disintegration of the nuclear envelope, and 3) that thiol and proteolysis treatment removed the remaining cellular organelles including the tail and rapidly induced partial decondensation of the tightly packed chromatin. Sequential micrographs showed that the nuclear matrix of all three species increased in thickness about twofold during the preparation and staining. Consequently, the harsh procedures currently used for quantitative staining of DNA for high-resolution flow cytometric analyses destroy most cellular organelles and thereby prevent simultaneous characterization of DNA content and other sperm cell constituents.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1120100402
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  • 2
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    Noble gas and carbon abundances of the Havero, Dingo Pup Donga, and North Haig ureilites. (1973)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Keywords: SPACE SCIENCES
    Type: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta; 37; Mar. 197
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    Trapped solar and cosmogenic noble gas abundances in Apollo 15 and 16 deep drill samples (1973)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Abundances and isotopic compositions of all the stable noble gases (He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe) were measured at different depths of the Apollo 15 and Apollo 16 deep drill cores, and in several surface fines and breccias. All samples analyzed from both drill cores were found to contain large concentrations of solar wind implanted gases. This means that even the deepest layers of both cores have experienced a lunar surface history. The Apollo 15 core data are consistent with a combined accretion plus static time of a few hundred million years, and also indicate variable pre-accretion irradiation of core material. Depth profiles of cosmogenic gases in the Apollo 16 core show considerably larger concentrations of cosmic gases below 65 cm depth than above. This pattern may be interpreted either as an accretionary process, or by a more recent deposition of regolith to the upper 70 cm of the core.
    Keywords: SPACE SCIENCES
    Type: Earth and Planetary Science Letters; 21; 1, De; Dec. 197
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  • 4
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    Observations of a probable change in the solar radius between 1715 and 1979 (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: A decrease in the solar radius is determined using the technique of Dunham and Dunham (1973), in which timed observations are made just inside the path edges. When the method is applied to the solar eclipses of 1715, 1976, and 1979, the solar radius for 1715 is 0.34 + or - 0.2 arc second larger than the recent values, with no significant change between 1976 and 1979. The duration of totality is examined as a function of distance from the edges of the path. Corrections to the radius of the sun derived from observations of the 1976 and 1979 eclipses by the International Occultation Timing Association are also presented.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Science; 210; Dec. 12
    Format: text
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  • 5
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    Eddy diffusion coefficients and the variance of the atmosphere 30-60 km (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The results of numerical models or of new observational programs are checked by comparing them with past observations. In view of the differing analysis techniques or differing data samples, the eddy diffusivities presented here agree remarkably well with past estimates. However, in the application of K-values to two-dimensional models, the actual magnitude of the diffusivities is no more important than their spatial patterns, i.e., their gradients with height and latitude. It should thus be noted that the present patterns are often much different from those of past results.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Pure and Applied Geophysics; 118; 5, 19; 1980
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    Determination of the complex refractive index and size distribution of atmospheric particulates from bistatic-monostatic lidar and solar radiometer measurements (1980)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A method is presented for inferring both the size distribution and the complex refractive index of atmospheric particulates from combined bistatic-monostatic lidar and solar radiometer observations. The basic input measurements are spectral optical depths at several visible and near-infrared wavelengths as obtained with a solar radiometer and backscatter and angular scatter coefficients as obtained from a biostatic-monostatic lidar. The spectral optical depth measurements obtained from the radiometer are mathematically inverted to infer a columnar particulate size distribution. Advantage is taken of the fact that the shape of the size distribution obtained by inverting the particulate optical depth is relatively insensitive to the particle refractive index assumed in the inversion. Bistatic-monostatic angular scatter and backscatter lidar data are then processed to extract an optimum value for the particle refractive index subject to the constraint that the shape of the particulate size distribution be the same as that inferred from the solar radiometer data. Specifically, the scattering parameters obtained from the bistatic-monostatic lidar data are compared with corresponding theoretical computations made for various assumed refractive index values. That value which yields best agreement, in a weighted least squares sense, is selected as the optimal refractive index estimate. The results of this procedure applied to a set of simulated measurements as well as to measurements collected on two separate days are presented and discussed.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research; 85; Mar. 20
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    The lunar laser ranging experiment. (1973)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The scientific objectives achievable through high-accuracy range measurements to lunar retroreflectors are considered. A specific study of design questions related to the operation of retroreflectors on the lunar surface indicated that a reflector panel containing a number of solid fused silica corner reflectors would be capable of maintaining essentially diffraction limited performance under direct solar illumination. Initial Apollo 11 observations are discussed together with the installation of additional lunar retroreflectors in connection with the Luna 17, Apollo 14, Apollo 15, and Luna 21 missions. Range measurements at the McDonald Observatory are considered along with new results from lunar range data, and prospects regarding future lunar ranging stations.
    Keywords: SPACE SCIENCES
    Type: Science; 182; Oct. 19
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Nuclear microprobe analysis of solar proton implantation profiles in lunar rock surfaces (1973)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Discussion of the results of hydrogen (proton) depth profile concentration analyses conducted on selected Apollo 16 rocks. A modeling of solar particle implantation profiles in lunar rocks is shown to trace the evolvement of these profiles under the combined influence of diffusion of atomic particles implanted in the rock, and rock surface erosion. It is also demonstrated that such diffusion may have a significant effect on the shape of the implantation profiles in certain rock materials.
    Keywords: SPACE SCIENCES
    Type: Lunar Science Conference; Mar 05, 1973 - Mar 08, 1973; Houston, TX
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intercellular bridges in ovaries of the newborn gerbil (1984)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 180 (1984), S. 29-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: This study describes intercellular bridges in the ovaries of neonatal gerbils. Electron microscopy has revealed the presence of true intercellular bridges, connecting oogonia or oocytes, in ovaries of newborn gerbils. The cytoplasm of the intercellular channels is similar to that of the connected cells, with mitochondria, smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum, and free ribosomes present. Lysosomes are also occasionally present in the intercellular bridges and they may be involved in early waves of oocyte atresia. An electrondense substance, 350-500 Å thick, is located immediately beneath the unit membrane of the intercellular bridges. Accumulation of electron-dense material increases the thickness of the walls of the intercellular bridges, supporting and maintaining the patency of the channels. It is suggested that the intercellular channels probably allow the interchange of nutrients, organelles, and possibly regulatory materials as well.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051800105
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of spindle concentrations in large and small muscles acting in parallel combinations (1984)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 180 (1984), S. 243-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A small short muscle frequently acts across a joint in parallel with a vastly larger and longer muscle; therefore it should play a minimal role in the mechanical control of that joint. This study provides evidence suggesting that the small member of such a “parallel muscle combination” (PMC) may serve an important sensory feedback role. The spindle densities of large and small members of PMCs in man and the dog were determined and compared. Epaxial PMCs controlling canine intervertebral joints were dissected and tissue samples were embedded in paraffin, sectioned transversely to the muscles' long axis and, stained with hematoxylin-periodic acid-Schiff (PAS). Representative tissue sections were projected on to stereological grids and the percentage volume of spindles was determined. Data existing in the literature were used to ascertain spindle densities in human PMCs controlling joints in the cervico-occipital region and the extremities. The spindle density for each muscle in a group of PMCs controlling a particular motion was listed, and the mean spindle densities were determined for both the large and the small members of the group. Student's unpaired t test was used to determine the significance of the differences between mean spindle densities. Linear regression was calculated and the data were plotted graphically.In all PMCs examined, the spindle density of the small muscles was significantly higher than that of their large counterparts. It is therefore proposed that the small muscles of PMCs may function as “kinesiological monitors” generating important proprioceptive feedback to the central nervous system.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051800307
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