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  • Chemistry  (1,272)
  • METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY  (198)
  • SOLAR PHYSICS  (141)
  • STRUCTURAL MECHANICS  (128)
  • Life and Medical Sciences
  • 1980-1984  (1,438)
  • 1970-1974  (427)
  • 1984  (793)
  • 1980  (645)
  • 1973  (427)
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  • 1980-1984  (1,438)
  • 1970-1974  (427)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Pure pencillin N α-sulfoxide (1) and penicillin N β-sulfoxide (2) were obtained by HPLC and tested as substrates for deacetoxycephalosporin C synthetase (DXCS). Neither one of the sulfoxides was utilized under conditions of conversion of penicillin N (8) to deacetoxycephalosporin C (9). The cephalosporin C α and β-sulfoxides (3 and 4, resp.) were also prepared. Relative stabilities of the sulfoxides 3 and 4 are discussed by interpretation of the 13C-NMR spectra.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 17 (1973), S. 269-282 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The development of gel permeation chromatography (GPC) has provided a convenient tool for the rapid determination of molecular weight distribution. The question has arisen as to the suitability of the method for specification purposes. The present work, suggested by the Naval Air Systems Command, represents an attempt to assess the precision of the method through a series of tests carried out by a number of laboratories using identical procedures on the same samples. Ten laboratories agreed to take part. Naval Ordnance Station, Indian Head, worked out standard conditions for operation of the chromatograph, for calibration of the columns, and for analysis of the GPC curves. Two samples of polystyrene were used by the various organizations for calibration of their instruments. Number-average molecular weight, heterogeneity index, and cumulative molecular weight distribution curves were determined on four samples of carboxyl-terminated polybutadiene (CTPB) and two samples of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene (HTPB), all unidentified except by letter code. All laboratories used identical directions for setting up CTPB and HTPB calibration curves which were based on curves determined from vapor-pressure osmometer molecular weights and GPC count numbers of fractionated material. Variation among the different laboratories was 0.15 in heterogeneity index, and a maximum of 1200 in molecular weight provided one aberrant set of values was eliminated. The six samples had heterogeneity indices from 1.15 to 1.54, while molecular weight varied from approximately 3000 to 6000. The average coefficient of variation of the molecular weight values was 6.2 ± 0.7%, which is quite acceptable. Variation in heterogeneity index was too great for specification purposes when considered among the different laboratories, but may be sufficiently good when measured by any one laboratory.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 15 (1973), S. 1131-1145 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Several techniques for investigating the multiplicity and stability of open isothermal enzymatic reactors are discussed and some of the pitfalls in previous thinking pointed out. The example which is used to illustrate these methods exhibits several interesting features. Among these is the existence of a stable oscillatory state which surrounds a unique steady state which is asymptotically stable to certain finite disturbances.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 169 (1973), S. 177-189 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die elektroinitiierte Polymerisation von N-Vinylcarbazol (VCZ) wurde in Aceton bei 25°C mit Zinkbromid als Katalysator unter Verwendung von Platinelektroden eingehend untersucht. Die Polymerisationsgeschwindigkeit erwies sich als direkt abhängig von der Stromstärke, der Zinkbromid-Konzentration und dem anfänglichen Wassergehalt des Solvens.Die Molekulargewichte der entstandenen Polymeren (1000-6000) sind unabhängig von der Stromstärke, der Zinkbromid-Konzentration und dem Umsetzungsgrad des Monomeren zum Polymeren, werden jedoch beeinflußt durch Wasser, die Monomerkonzentration und das Elektrodenmaterial. Die chemische Zusammensetzung der Polymeren ändert sich nicht mit der Stromstärke, der Zinkbromid-Konzentration, dem Umsetzungsgrad und dem Elektrodenmaterial. Sie ändert sich jedoch ein wenig mit dem Wassergehalt des Acetons.
    Notes: The electroinitiated polymerization of N-vinylcarbazole (VCZ) in acetone solvent at 25°C with zinc bromide, as catalyst, and platinum electrodes was investigated in detail. The polymerization rate was found to be directly dependent on current strength, zinc bromide concentration and the initial water content of the solvent.The molecular weights of the formed polymers (1000-6000) are independent of current strength, zinc bromide concentration and degree of conversion of monomer to polymer, but are affected by water, monomer concentration, and by the type of electrodes used. The chemical composition of the polymer is invariant with current strength, zinc bromide concentration, degree of conversion, and electrode material but does vary slightly with the water content of acetone.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: As part of a study to make a comparative analysis of selected halogenated compounds in man and the environmental media, a quantitative gas chromatographic mass spectrometric analysis of the levels of the halogenated compounds found in the breath, blood and urine of an exposed population (Old Love Canal area, Niagara, New York) and their immediate environment (air and water) was undertaken. In addition, levels of halogenated hydrocarbons in air samples taken in the general Buffalo, Niagara Falls area were determined.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 2 (1980), S. 5-10 
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Mean free paths for inelastic scattering (λ) of low energy electrons in poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) have been determined by measuring Al Kα excited C 1s and Si 2s photoelectron signal intensities as a function of ellipsometrically determined thicknesses of PMMA overlayers on silicon substrates. The λ values obtained are 29 ± 4 Å for 1196 eV electrons and 33 ± 5 Å for 1328 eV electrons. These data are necessary for the quantitative analysis of the surface region of PMMA and similar polymers by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The magnitude of the λ values determined indicates that XPS measurements can provide chemical information about the surface region of polymers, such as PMMA, in the depth range of ∼6 to 100 Å. The results of this study are compared and discussed with respect to λ values determined for other organic compounds.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: spermatozoa ; flow cytometry ; DNA staining ; nuclear morphology ; ultrastructure ; mammals ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The morphological and ultrastructural changes that occur during preparation of porcine, bovine, and murine spermatozoa for flow cytometric quantification of the relative DNA content of the X- and Y-chromosome-bearing sperm populations were examined. Ejaculated spermatozoa from the boar and bull were washed using a series of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solutions prior to fixation, whereas the epididymal mouse spermatozoa were washed only in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Spermatozoa from all three species were then fixed in ethanol and processed for fluorochrome staining by a treatment regimen consisting of sulfhydryl reduction and proteolysis. The processed sperm nuclei were stained for DNA with the fluorochrome, 4′-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) before quantification by flow cytometry. Scanning and transmission electron micrographs of sperm heads taken at various steps of the preparation and staining procedures show 1) that the rigorous washing procedure disrupted the plasma and outer acrosomal membranes, 2) that ethanol fixation resulted in removal of the outer membranes and disintegration of the nuclear envelope, and 3) that thiol and proteolysis treatment removed the remaining cellular organelles including the tail and rapidly induced partial decondensation of the tightly packed chromatin. Sequential micrographs showed that the nuclear matrix of all three species increased in thickness about twofold during the preparation and staining. Consequently, the harsh procedures currently used for quantitative staining of DNA for high-resolution flow cytometric analyses destroy most cellular organelles and thereby prevent simultaneous characterization of DNA content and other sperm cell constituents.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The effects of protonation and hydrogen bonding in linear Schiff bases obtained from n-butylamine with butyraldehyde, crotonaldehyde, sorbaldehyde and all-trans-retinal were studied by means of 15N and 13C NMR. The protonation-induced chemical shifts (Δδ) are an order of magnitude larger for 15N than for 13C. For 15N, this effect was found to increase with the extent of conjugation, culminating in the retinylideneimine (Δδ = -146 ppm), which constitutes a model for the study of the structure of the Schiff base linkage in visual pigments and related systems. Theoretical calculations of protonation-induced Δδ values based on MINDO/ 3 are in agreement with experimental results.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 11 (1973), S. 683-688 
    ISSN: 0360-6384
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 11 (1973), S. 149-155 
    ISSN: 0360-6384
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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