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  • 1
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    Noise in the geomagnetic tail. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Present observations have revealed a variety of magnetic wave phenomena in the tail, from ULF to ELF frequencies. However, only VLF measurements of electric fields have been made. These measurements reveal that the tail is electrically quiet at VLF frequencies, except in the near-earth plasma sheet during substorm expansion phases. The magnetic waves observed include: waves with periods of about 2 min which cause the plasma sheet boundary position and the neutral sheet location to oscillate; waves from .1 to 1 Hz which occur throughout the plasma sheet during plasma sheet expansions; and ELF waves which occur sporadically in the plasma sheet.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NSSDC-ID-64-054A-01-PM , NSSDC-ID-68-014A-14-PM
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Program management model study (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Two models, a system performance model and a program assessment model, have been developed to assist NASA management in the evaluation of development alternatives for the Earth Observations Program. Two computer models were developed and demonstrated on the Goddard Space Flight Center Computer Facility. Procedures have been outlined to guide the user of the models through specific evaluation processes, and the preparation of inputs describing earth observation needs and earth observation technology. These models are intended to assist NASA in increasing the effectiveness of the overall Earth Observation Program by providing a broader view of system and program development alternatives.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NASA-CR-122363 , RAC-CR-50
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 3
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    Plasma waves in the dayside polar cusp. I - Magnetospheric observations. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: General survey of the Ogo 5 plasma-wave measurements for the dayside polar-cusp encounters of Nov. 1, 1968, and detailed analysis of the observations at the low-altitude (r approximately 3 to 5 earth radii) cusp boundaries. The survey section contains an overall discussion of the ULF magnetic-field wave levels and the VLF electric-field amplitude ranges measured from perigee out to 9 earth radii on Nov. 1, 1968. These cusp-associated observations are compared with those made on Oct. 27 and Nov. 6, 1968, when Ogo 5 traversed the dayside magnetosphere without encountering the cusp. It is shown that at the November 1 low-altitude cusp boundaries intense wave levels were detected over a broad spectral region at the steep gradients in cusp plasma density and thermal energy. The results are interpreted in terms of drift instabilities for low-beta plasmas with hot ions, and associated wave-particle and wave-wave interactions are briefly discussed.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NSSDC-ID-68-014A-24-PM , Journal of Geophysical Research; 77; May 1
    Format: text
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  • 4
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    Study of waves in the earth's bow shock. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Results of an examination of the perturbation vectors of waves upstream and downstream from the region of maximum compression in the bow shock on Ogo 5 under particularly steady solar-wind conditions. The polarization of the upstream waves was right-hand circular, and that of the downstream waves left-hand elliptical in the spacecraft frame. By observing that the polarization of the waves remained unchanged as the shock motion swept the wave structure back and forth across the satellite three times in eight minutes, it was found that the waves were not stationary in the shock frame. A study of the methods of determining the shock normal indicates that the normal estimated from a shock model should be superior to the normal based on magnetic coplanarity. The propagation vectors of the waves examined did not coincide with the shock-model normal, the average magnetic field, or the plasma-flow velocity. However, the major axis of the polarization ellipse of the downstream wave was nearly parallel to the upstream propagation vector.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NSSDC-ID-68-014A-14-PM , Journal of Geophysical Research; 77; May 1
    Format: text
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  • 5
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    The inference of atmospheric ozone using satellite horizon measurements in the 1042 per cm band. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Description of a method for inferring atmospheric ozone information using infrared horizon radiance measurements in the 1042 per cm band. An analysis based on this method proves the feasibility of the horizon experiment for determining ozone information and shows that the ozone partial pressure can be determined in the altitude range from 50 down to 25 km. A comprehensive error study is conducted which considers effects of individual errors as well as the effect of all error sources acting simultaneously. The results show that in the absence of a temperature profile bias error, it should be possible to determine the ozone partial pressure to within an rms value of 15 to 20%. It may be possible to reduce this rms error to 5% by smoothing the solution profile. These results would be seriously degraded by an atmospheric temperature bias error of only 3 K; thus, great care should be taken to minimize this source of error in an experiment. It is probable, in view of recent technological developments, that these errors will be much smaller in future flight experiments and the altitude range will widen to include from about 60 km down to the tropopause region.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences; 29; Mar. 197
    Format: text
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  • 6
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    Fluctuating magnetic fields in the magnetosphere. II - ULF waves. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: At the present time the existing satellite observations of ULF waves suggest that the level of geomagnetic activity controls the types of waves which occur within the magnetosphere. Consequently, we consider separately quiet times, times of magnetospheric substorms, and times of magnetic storms. Within each of these categories, there are distinctly different wave modes distinguished by their polarization: either transverse or parallel to the ambient field. In addition, these wave phenomena occur in distinct frequency bands. In terms of the standard nomenclature of ground micropulsation studies ULF wave types observed in the magnetosphere include quiet time transverse - Pc 1, Pc 3, Pc 4, Pc 5; quiet time compressional - Pc 1 and Pi 1; substorm compressional Pi 1 and Pi 2; storm transverse - Pc 1; storm compressional Pc 4, 5.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: NSSDC-ID-66-049A-11-OS , NSSDC-ID-68-014A-14-PS , NSSDC-ID-68-014A-15-OS , Space Science Reviews; 13; July 197
    Format: text
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  • 7
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    Facilitating the exploitation of ERTS imagery using snow enhancement techniques (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The author has identified the following significant results. Analysis of all available (Gemini, Apollo, Nimbus, NASA aircraft) small scale snow covered imagery has been conducted to develop and refine snow enhancement techniques. A detailed photographic interpretation of ERTS-simulation imagery covering the Feather River/Lake Tahoe area was completed and the 580-680nm. band was determined to be the optimum band for fracture detection. ERTS-1 MSS bands 5 and 7 are best suited for detailed fracture mapping. The two bands should provide more complete fracture detail when utilized in combination. Analysis of early ERTS-1 data along with U-2 ERTS simulation imagery indicates that snow enhancement is a viable technique for geological fracture mapping. A wealth of fracture detail on snow-free terrain was noted during preliminary analysis of ERTS-1 images 1077-15005-6 and 7, 1077-15011-5 and 7, and 1079-15124-5 and 7. A direct comparison of data yield on snow-free versus snow-covered terrain will be conducted within these areas following receipt of snow-covered ERTS-1 imagery.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: E72-10205 , NASA-CR-128470
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 8
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    Study of the application of ERTS-A imagery to fracture-related mine safety hazards in the coal mining industry (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-20
    Description: The author has identified the following significant results. Various data compilation and analysis activities in support of ERTS-1 imagery interpretation are in progress or are completed. These include the compilation of mine accident data, areas of mine roof instability and the analysis of high altitude color infrared photography and low altitude color and color infrared photography which was acquired by NASA in support of the project. The photography reveals that many fracture lineaments are detectable through a varied thickness of glacial till. These data will be compiled on a series of 1:250,000 scale base maps and evaluated for a correlation between fracture zones and mine accidents and rooffalls. Due to high occurrence of cloud cover in the project area and to the delay in imagery shipments, little progress has been made in the analysis of ERTS-1 imagery.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: E72-10193 , NASA-CR-128391 , PR-2
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 9
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    Study of application of ERTS-1 imagery to fracture-related mine safety hazards in the coal mining industry (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The author has identified the following significant results. Numerous fractures are identifiable on the 1:120,000 color infrared photography. Some of these fractures are in the proximity of operating open pit mines and should provide opportunities for field checking and confirmation.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: E72-10064 , NASA-CR-128080
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
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    The configuration of the magnetosphere. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Brief survey of current notions on the magnetosphere, such as they result from the just completed first decade of in situ magnetospheric exploration. A discussion of the open versus the closed magnetosphere hypotheses and, in particular, of flux transport and substorm phase growth is followed by consideration of a model for the expansion phase of substorms and a review of the requirements for further progress.
    Keywords: GEOPHYSICS
    Type: Symposium on Critical problems of magnetospheric physics; May 11, 1972 - May 13, 1972; Madrid; Spain
    Format: text
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