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  • BIOSCIENCES  (124)
  • 1970-1974  (124)
  • 1950-1954
  • 1973  (50)
  • 1972  (74)
  • 1
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    Effects of pentobarbital on plasma glucose and free fatty acids in the rat. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Hyperglycemia and hypolipemia were observed in rats after the injection of sodium pentobarbital. The observed changes were independent of whether the blood was collected by decapitation or by needle puncture of the aorta. The hyperglycemic response was caused by two factors including the stress of the injection per se and the pharmacological action of the drug. Hyperlipemia was observed at 5 min postinjection. However, pentobarbital decreased plasma free fatty acids by 15 min postinjection. Both the hyperglycemia and hypolipemia responses were dose dependent.
    Keywords: BIOSCIENCES
    Type: Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine; vol. 139
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Effects of exposing rats to 100% oxygen at 450 and 600 mm Hg on in vitro liver and adipose tissue lipid synthesis. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: Male rats (260-285 gm) were exposed to 100% oxygen at 450 or 600 mm Hg for 1 to 4 days. Rats maintained at 450 mm Hg ate 92% the amount of food eaten by ad libitum controls maintained at sea level conditions. At 600 mm Hg, the food intake was 77% of the ad libitum controls. No difference was found in the plasma level of glucose, free fatty acids, and corticosterone between oxygen exposed rats and their respective pair-fed controls. The in vitro conversion of acetate into fatty acids by adipose tissue from rats exposed at 450 mm Hg for 2, 3, or 4 days was significantly increased above pair-fed controls and ad libitum controls. Increasing the oxygen pressure to 600 mm Hg abolished this increase, and in fact, reversed the increased synthesis to a significant decrease for the 4-day exposure.
    Keywords: BIOSCIENCES
    Type: Aerospace Medicine; 43; Mar. 197
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  • 3
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    The National Aeronautics and Space Administration-U.S. Public Health Service Health Evaluation and Enhancement Program - Summary of results. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: An exercise program was initiated in a federal agency to assess the feasibility of such a program, and to identify the factors that influenced joining, adherence to, and effectiveness of the program. The program was utilized by 237 of the 998 eligible federal employees; mean attendance rate was 1.3 days/week. Those who volunteered perceived a need for increased physical activity, believed they had sufficient time to participate and derived subjective as well as objective benefits. Significant improvements were found in heart rate response to the standard exercise test, body weight, skinfold measurements and triglyceride levels.
    Keywords: BIOSCIENCES
    Type: American Journal of Cardiology; 30; Nov. 197
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  • 4
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    A common modality of action of simulated space stresses on the oxidative metabolism of ethylmorphine, aniline and p-nitroanisole by male rat liver. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Description: High gravity, cold and starvation elicited similar responses in male Simonson rats. These responses included a decreased rate in body weight gain, increased metabolism of aniline and p-nitroanisole, and no consistent pattern of change in the metabolism of ethylmorphine. Cold and starvation increased the amount of hepatic cytochrome P-450, while hypobaric-hyperoxia caused no change in any of the parameters measured. When 1% acetone was given to the rats in their drinking water, the effects on drug metabolism were similar to those produced by food restriction in that the metabolism of aniline and p-nitroanisole was increased, and the metabolism of ethylmorphine unchanged. The type I binding spectrum of acetone suggests that it is either a substrate, inhibitor, or both for hepatitic oxidative enzymes.
    Keywords: BIOSCIENCES
    Type: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology; 21; 1972
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  • 5
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    The NASA-USPHS Health Evaluation and Enhancement Program (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-05
    Description: An exercise program was initiated to assess the feasibility of an on the job health evaluation and enhancement program, as well as to identify the factors which influenced volunteering, adherence, and effectiveness of the program. The program was utilized by 237 of the 998 eligible Federal employees, with a mean attendance of 1.3 days per week. Those who volunteered perceived a need for increased physical activity, felt they had sufficient time to participate, and derived subjective as well as objective benefits. Significant improvements were found in heart rate response to the standard exercise test, body weight, skinfold measurements, and triglycerides. A consistent relationship was found between subjectively reported effects of the program on work, health habits, and behavior, and improvement in cardiovascular function, based on treadmill performance. Numerous personal and programmatic factors influencing volunteering and participation were identified.
    Keywords: BIOSCIENCES
    Type: NASA, Washington Proc. of the Ann. Conf. of NASA Clinic Directors, Environ. Health Offic. and Med. Program Advisors; p 173-195
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  • 6
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    Results of the 1971 Corn Blight Watch experiment (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: Advanced remote sensing techniques are used to: (1)Detect development and spread of corn leaf blight during the growing season; (2) assess the extent and severity of blight infection; (3) assess the impact of blight on corn production; and (4) estimate the applicability of these techniques to similar situations occurring in the future.
    Keywords: BIOSCIENCES
    Type: NASA-TM-X-69055 , LARS-PRINT-100272 , Intern. Symp. on Remote Sensing of Environment; Oct 26, 1972; Ann Arbor, MI; United States
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  • 7
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    Relative biological effectiveness of fast neutrons compared with X-rays: Prenatal mortality in the mouse (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-06-07
    Description: The effects of fission neutrons and of X-rays on the mouse zygote are discussed. Seven-week-old virgin mice were allowed a 12-hour mating opportunity beginning at 7:00 P.M. Between 1:30 and 4:00 P.M., except where indicated otherwise, the females which had mated (vaginal plug) during the night were either irradiated or sham-irradiated. At the time of irradiation the zygotes were in a pronuclear stage. Sixteen days later the mice were killed and the uteri dissected. The number of dead embryos, live embryos, and gross anomalies were determined. Dead embryos were classified as to stage of development.
    Keywords: BIOSCIENCES
    Type: NASA, Washington Proc. of the Natl. Symp. on Nat. and Manmade Radiation in Space; p 641
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  • 8
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    Hematologic responses to hypobaric hyperoxia. (1972)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Study of the effects of hypoxia, activity, and G forces on human hematopoiesis in an attempt to elucidate these phenomena more precisely. Eight subjects were exposed to an atmosphere of 100% O2 at 258 mm Hg for 30 days, and thereafter immediately exposed to transverse G forces, simulating the Gemini flights' reentry profile. All subjects displayed a significant continuous decline in red cell mass during the exposure period, as measured by the carbon monoxide-dilution method. The Cr51 method also indicated a decline in red blood corpuscle mass. The decrease in red cell mass was due to suppression of erythropoiesis and to hemolysis. After exposure to hyperoxia, all subjects exhibited elevated plasma hemoglobin levels, decreased reticulocyte counts, and decreased red cell survivals. CO production rates and urine erythropoietin levels were unchanged. Two hours after termination of exposure to hyperoxia, all subjects exhibited increased reticulocyte counts which were sustained for longer than two weeks. The progressive decrease in red cell mass was promptly arrested on return to ground level atmospheres. Within 116 days after exposure to hyperoxia, the hematologic parameters of all eight subjects had returned to control levels.
    Keywords: BIOSCIENCES
    Type: AD-754483 , SAM-TR-72-557 , American Journal of Physiology; 223; Aug. 197
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  • 9
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    The human, primate and rabbit ultraviolet action spectra (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A 5000 watt xenon-mercury high pressure lamp was used to produce a continuous ultraviolet spectrum. Human and animal exposures were made to establish the photokeratitis threshold and abiotic action spectrum. The lower limit of the abiotic action spectrum was 220 nm while the upper limit was 310 nm. The radiant exposure threshold at 270 nm was 0.005 watts/sq cm for the rabbit, 0.004 watts/sq cm for the primate, and 0.004 watts/ sq cm for the human. The rabbit curve was bi-peaked with minimums at 220 nm, 240 nm and 270 nm. The primate curve was tri-peaked with minimums at 220 nm, 240 nm and 270 nm. The human data showed a rather shallow curve with a minimum at 270 nm. Formulas and calculations are given to predict minimum exposure times for ocular damage to man in outer space, to establish valid safety criteria, and to establish protective design criteria.
    Keywords: BIOSCIENCES
    Type: NASA-CR-115742
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  • 10
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    Survival of bacterial isolates exposed to simulated Jovian trapped radiation belt electrons and solar wind protons (1972)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: With missions to Jupiter, the spacecraft will be exposed for extended duration to solar wind radiation and the Jovian trapped radiation belt. This study is designed to determine the effect of these radiation environments on spacecraft bacterial isolates. The information can be used in the probability of contamination analysis for these missions. A bacterial subpopulation from Mariner Mars 1971 spacecraft (nine sporeforming and three nonsporeforming isolates) plus two comparative organisms, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 17917 and a strain of Bacillus subtilis var. niger, were exposed to 2-, 12-, and 25-MeV electrons at different doses with simultaneous exposure to a vacuum of 0.0013 N/sqm at 20 and -20 C. The radioresistance of the subpopulation was dependent on the isolate, dose, and energy of electrons. Temperature affected the radioresistance of only the sporeforming isolates. Survival data indicated that spores were reduced approximately 1 log/1500 J/kg, while nonsporeforming isolates (micrococci) were reduced 1.5 to 2 logs/1500 J/kg with the exception of an apparent radioresistant isolate whose resistance approached that of the spores. The subpopulation was found to be less resistant to lower energy than to higher energy electrons.
    Keywords: BIOSCIENCES
    Type: NASA-CR-127568 , PQ-7 , Joint Open Meeting of the Panel on Planetary Quarantine and Working Group 5 Pla; May 10, 1972 - May 24, 1972; Madrid
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