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  • Articles  (581)
  • 1990-1994
  • 1970-1974  (581)
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  • 1971  (581)
  • Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology  (581)
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  • Books
  • Articles  (581)
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  • 1990-1994
  • 1970-1974  (581)
  • 1950-1954
  • 1940-1944
  • 1935-1939
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF SKELETAL MUSCLE FROM RAINBOW TROUT, TURKEY AND BEEF (1971)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 36 (1971), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: SUMMARY Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the ultrastructure of skeletal muscle from rainbow trout, turkey and beef immediately after death (pre-rigor) and at various post-rigor times. Prior to fixation in glutaraldehyde solution, muscle was cryofractured into small fragments. Micrographs of pre-rigor muscle samples showed intact fibrils with elevated transverse elements equidistant from each other. Presumably these elements overlay the Z-discs. The surface of each sarcolemma in pre-rigor muscle had a criss-cross pattern of thin strands which were about the same size as the transverse elements. Between transverse elements, thin longitudinal strands and transverse central elevated bands (presumably sarcoplasmic reticulum) were noted on the surfaces of fibrils in all muscles. When trout and turkey muscles were stored at 3°C for 6 days, the transverse elements decreased in size and the sarcolemmae became perforated. No structural change in the transverse elements was noted in the 6 day postmortem bovine muscle. However, collapsed transverse elements were noted in commercially-aged longissimus dorsi. In post-rigor muscle, breaks across the fibrils occurred for the most part at the sites of the transverse elements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1971.tb15127.x
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FLAVOR ENHANCEMENT OF POTATO PRODUCTS (1971)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 36 (1971), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: SUMMARY— The effect of selected compounds on flavor of various potato products was studied by sensory panels. The minimum detectable amount of each of six compounds in four brands of dehydrated mashed potatoes was determined. The difference thresholds of the six compounds in the reconstituted potato products varied from 0.05–3.1 ppm. Only 2-methoxy-3-ethylpyrcxine (0.1–0.2 ppm) was effective in increasing the flavor level of all four brands of dehydrated potatoes; it also proved to be effective in increasing the potato flavor level of potato salad, dehydrated scalloped potatoes and potato soup. Potato salad stored at 3°C for 1 wk required at least 0.2 ppm of this compound to maintain its initial flavor difference from the control sample.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1971.tb06363.x
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    FIELD PROCESSING OF TOMATOES 2. Product Quality and Composition (1971)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 36 (1971), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: SUMMARY— Mechanically harvested tomatoes were macerated, heated by steam injection to several constant temperatures from 170–240°F and held in a treatment pot from 0-4.6 min at pH levels (adjusted with cont. HCI) ranging from natural down to pH 2.0. Treated macerates were neutralized to original pH with cone NaOH, put through a finisher screen and pumped through a deaerator and chiller. The optimum processing conditions based on highest consistency (efflux-pipet flow time) in seven series of samples were 212°F breaking temperature and a macerate treatment time of 3.3 min at pH 2.75. With the optimum conditions, juice solids yield from VF-145 tomatoes was 4.3% greater and consistency 90% higher than from the natural pH juice. The neutralized acid products could contain 13% less tomato solids and still have a consistency equal to that of the products extracted at natural pH. Dry waste decreased 33% and total wet waste 47%. A 1-day delay before processing caused 9.5% loss in recovered juice solids. Ascorbic acid, reflectance and lycopene data showed no trends due to acid extraction. Water soluble color increased slightly in the acid extractions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1971.tb06373.x
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pilot plant isolation of organosulfur compounds from petroleum distillates (1971)
    Springer
    Chemistry and technology of fuels and oils 7 (1971), S. 889-893 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8310
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Conclusions 1. On the basis of laboratory studies, a pilot plant has been devised for preparing concentrates of organosulfur compounds from petroleum distillates, having an output of 40 liters/day of desired product. 2. In this plant a 500-kg batch of organosulfur compounds concentrate has been prepared, which is not inferior in quality to the products obtained under laboratory conditions. 3. The possibility of using electroseparators to accelerate the phase-settling process and the washing of the products obtained has been demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00716579
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contact cracking of refined gasoline in a reactor with an ascending flow of a powderous heat carrier (1971)
    Springer
    Chemistry and technology of fuels and oils 7 (1971), S. 7-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8310
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Conclusions 1. Thermal contact cracking of refined platformed gasoline in a reactor with an ascending flow of a heat carrier has been studied in laboratory and semitechnical units; the results prove that refined platformed gasolines can be used as a cracking feedstock. 2. It has been shown that contact cracking of refined platformed gasolines should be preferentially carried out without admixture of steam. 3. It has been established that unsaturated C2–C4 hydrocarbons, ethylene, propylene, butylénes, and divinyl can be produced in yields from 51 to 55 wt.%, 35–36%, 14–15%, 8–9%, and 4–5 wt%, respectively, from refined platformed gasolines. 4. Examination of the liquid cracking products from refined platformed gasolines-light oil and a 200–350°C fraction-showed that the light oil can be used as the high-octane component in car gasoline or as a starting material for the production of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and that the 200–350°C fraction can be employed as a starting material for the production of naphthalene, diphenyl, and naphthalene derivatives.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00727735
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The mechanism of abrasion of polypropylene fibre (1971)
    Springer
    Fibre chemistry 3 (1971), S. 627-630 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8493
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Technology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00635773
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of glucose and oxygen on the cytochromes and metabolic activity of yeast batch cultures. II. Candida utilis (1971)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 169-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Candida utilis was grown in batch culture with and without oxygen control. The concentrations of A-, B-, and C-type cytochromes were found to vary with the initial glucose concentration, with the dissolved oxygen concentration, and with time. A-type was the most sensitive. After glucose was essentially exhausted, the yeast catabolized ethanol, if it had been growing in a relatively low initial glucose concentration, or non-glucose carbohydrate, including some of that previously accumulated within the cell, if it had been growing in a high initial glucose concentration. This difference in metabolic pattern could explain why cytochrome derepression was initiated soon after glucose uptake ceased only if initial glucose had been relatively low. The effects of glucose and dissolved oxygen concentrations on yeast cytochromes and respiratory activity are discussed.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260130202
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of shear on the death of two strains of mammalian tissue cellsThe paper was presented at the 160th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society. (1971)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 409-418 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This study reports some findings on the death of mammalian cells occurring from fluid dynamic effects when they are pumped through capillaries. The cell strains used were human HeLa S3 and mouse L929, grown in monolayer culture. Cells were harvested and suspensions were pumped through various lengths and diameters of stainless steel capillary tubing. Viability of the cells was assayed by the dye exclusion test. Cell deaths occurred and could be correlated with either average wall shear or power dissipation within the capillary tube. L929 cells were found to be more sensitive than HeLa S3 cells at all shear rates tested.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260130308
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nucleate and film pool boiling of ethane-ethylene mixtures (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 17 (1971), S. 626-630 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Experimental results are presented for saturated nucleate and film pool boiling heat transfer to ethane, ethylene, and three binary ethane-ethylene mixtures containing approximately 25, 50, and 75 mole % ethylene. Data were obtained at reduced pressures from 0.05 to 0.75. The nucleate boiling data are compared with several predictions; the film boiling data are favorably compared with the Sciance, Colver, and Sliepcevich correlation.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690170327
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tubular reactor steady state and stability characteristics. I. Effect of axial mixing (1971)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 17 (1971), S. 831-837 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No. Abstract.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690170412
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