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  • Springer  (186)
  • Oxford University Press  (63)
  • 2010-2014  (110)
  • 1995-1999  (106)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 22 (1999), S. 80-87 
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Schlagwort(e): Keywords: airborne bacteria; phospholipid fatty acids; human health
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Exposure to airborne biocontaminants may result in a multitude of health effects and is related to a pronounced increase in adult-onset asthma. Established culture-based procedures for quantifying microbial biomass from airborne environments have severe limitations. Assay of the phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) components of airborne microorganisms provides a quantitative method to define biomass, community composition and nutritional/physiological activity of the microbial community. By collecting airborne particulate matter from a high volume via filtration, we collected sufficient biomass for quantitative PLFA analysis. Comparing high (filtration) and low (impaction) volume air sampling techniques at 26 locations within the Eastern United States, we determined that PLFA analysis provided a viable alternative to the established but flawed culture-based techniques for measuring airborne microbial biomass and community composition. Compared to the PLFA analysis, the culture techniques underestimated the actual viable airborne biomass present by between one to three orders of magnitude. A case study of a manufacturing plant at which there had been complaints regarding the indoor air quality is presented. Phospholipid fatty acid characterization of the biomass enabled contamination point source determination. In comparison with samples taken outdoors, increases in the relative proportion of trans PLFA, reflecting shifts in the physiological status of viable airborne Gram-negative bacteria, were detected in the indoor air samples at a majority of sampling sites.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 22 (1999), S. 78-79 
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Schlagwort(e): Keywords: Actinomadura; pravastatin; compactin; nutrition; vitamins
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Actinomadura sp strain 2966, which converts compactin to pravastatin, requires vitamins to support its growth. Addition of folic acid, thiamine and cyanocobalamine allowed growth in chemically-defined medium. Cells grown in a chemically-defined medium were as capable of converting compactin to pravastatin as cells grown in a complex medium.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1435-604X
    Schlagwort(e): Keywords: Adenocarcinoma; Aminolaevulinic acid; Barrett's oesophagus; Dysplasia; Photodynamic therapy
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin , Physik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: Abstract . Photodynamic therapy (PDT) may have a role in the prevention of oesophageal cancer. Ten patients with Barrett's oesophagus, three with low-grade dysplasia (LGD), four with high-grade dysplasia (HGD), one with carcinoma in situ and two with invasive carcinoma, were treated with PDT. All received 30 mg/kg aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) followed 4 h later by laser endoscopy. Half were treated with red light (630 nm; 100 mW/cm2 for 1000 s) and half with green light (514 nm; 100 mW/cm2 for 500 s). Columnar epithelial regression was seen in all patients with dysplasia (mean area decrease 44%; range 10–100%), with apparent elimination of dysplasia in all cases. In patients with in situ or invasive carcinoma, no response was seen. ALA-induced PDT, using either red or green light, produces effective ablation of dysplastic Barrett's oesophagus, hence may have a role in the prevention of oesophageal carcinoma, but has little effect on in situ or invasive adenocarcinoma.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 10 (1971), S. 158-164 
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Die Stabilität von Öl-in-Wasser-Emulsionen hängt letztlich von der physikalischen Eigenschaft der Öl/Wasser-Grenzfläche ab. Wenn ein Hydrokolloid oder ein Protein als Emulgator verwendet wird dann bildet sich in der Öl/Wasser-Grenzschicht ein Film, der Flüssigkeitsoder viskoelastische Eigenschaften aufweisen kann. Dieser Film wird durch zwei Diffusionsvorgänge von der Gesamtmasse zur Grenzschicht und durch zwischenmolekulare Vernetzung gebildet. Gelatinelösungen bis 2% (Gewicht/Volumen) wurden verwendet, um mit dünnflüssigem Paraffin über einen beschränkten p h -Bereich eine Grenzschicht zu bilden. Für die 2% Gelatinelösung wurde der p h -Wert im sauren Bereich zwischen p h 2,5–3,2 gehalten, weil bei Erhöhung des p h die gesamte wässerige Lösung bei Raumtemperatur zu gelieren begann. Bei geringeren Gelatinekonzentrationen, wie z. B. 0,5% (g/ml), konnte der brauchbare p h -Bereich bis zu P h 4 ausgedehnt werden. Die rheologischen Eigenschaften der Grenzschicht wurden mit dem Oberflächenrheometer untersucht, das in einem vorhergehenden Vortrag beschrieben wurde. Vorläufige Ergebnisse haben gezeigt, daß im Falle einer 1% Gelatinelösung mit p h 3 der Grenzfilm bis gegen Ende der ersten halben Stunde nach seiner Bildung flüssig war. Dann zeigte dieser Festkörper-Eigenschaften. Nach 4 Std. konnte der Film in einem Kriechtest untersucht werden; wobei maximale Retardationszeiten von mehreren Minuten beobachtet wurden. Weitere Kriech- und Kriecherholungsversuche, die bis zu 200 Std. nach der Filmbildung durchgeführt wurden, zeigten deutlich, daß die Festkörper-Eigenschaften des Filmes weiterhin zunahmen. Gelatinegrenzflächenfilme waren für einen vergleichbaren Zeitraum und eine ähnliche Gesamtkonzentration beträchtlich nachgiebiger als ähnliche Filme mit Acacia Senegal. Dieses unterschiedliche Verhalten kann von den verschiedenen molekularen Grundstrukturen der beiden Polymeren herrühren.
    Notizen: Summary The stability of oil-in-water emulsions depends ultimately on the physical nature of the oil-water interface. If a hydrocolloid or protein is used as an emulsifying agent an interfacial film is formed at the oil-water interface and this may be liquid or viscoelastic solid in properties. The film is formed by the two processes of diffusion from the bulk to the interface and the formation of secondary intermolecular cross-links. Gelatine solutions of up to 2% w/v were used to form an interface with light liquid paraffin over a restricted range of p h . For the 2% w/v gelatin solutions, the p h range was confined to the acid region p h 2.5–3.2 owing to the onset of gelation of the whole aqueous phase, at room temperature, if the p h was increased numerically above this range. At lower concentrations of gelatin, e. g., 0.5% w/v, the useful p h range could be extended to p h 4. The interfacial rheological properties were examined using the surface rheometer described in a previous paper. Preliminary results showed that, in the case of the 1% w/v gelatin solution at p h 3, the interfacial film was liquid up to the end of the first half-hour after formation. Solid properties then developed. After 4 hs it was possible to carry out a creep experiment on the film which exhibited a longest retardation time of several minutes. Further creep and recovery experiments conducted up to 200 h after the formation of the film clearly showed that the growth of solid properties of the film was continuing. The gelatin interfacial films were considerably more compliant than similar films of acacia Senegal, over a comparative period of time, and at the same bulk concentration. This difference in behaviour can be attributed to differences in the basic molecular structure of the two polymers.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Optical and quantum electronics 31 (1999), S. 131-139 
    ISSN: 1572-817X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract This paper reports the important effects of frequency-locking in an electro-optical bistable system with long delay. The mechanism of the locking behaviour is discussed from the viewpoint of power spectrum and the linear eigen modes of the system.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 29 (1999), S. 75-80 
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Schlagwort(e): molybdenum nitride electrodes ; capacitors ; H2SO4electrolytes
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Abstract The electrochemical stability of polycrystalline thin film MoxN (x=1 and 2) electrodes deposited on previously nitrided polycrystalline Ti and bare Ti substrates and exposed to 4.4m H2SO4 electrolyte has been investigated. The electrodes were prepared by a temperature programmed procedure involving the reaction of MoO3 films and NH3. Cyclic voltammetry and a.c. impedance spectroscopy indicated that the range of electrochemical voltage stability in the electrolyte of the MoxN films on nitrided Ti substrates, referenced to a standard hydrogen electrode to be −0.01 to+0.69V. These electrodes had a calculated capacitance of about 315Fcm−3. The MoxN films on Ti substrates were electrochemically stable from −0.01 to +0.67V; however, they contained unconverted MoO2 which acted to reduce the calculated capacitance to about 210Fcm−3. At and above +0.70V and +0.68V on nitrided Ti and Ti substrates, respectively, an electrochemical reaction occurred. The formation of an amorphous phase in the reacted MoxN films was indicated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) showed increases in the atomic concentrations of hydrogen, oxygen and sulfur in the reacted films. The voltage bias applied to the electrodes influenced the chemical composition of the reacted films.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Schlagwort(e): structure ; thiosemicarbazide ; infrared ; nmr ; hydrogen-bonding
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Geologie und Paläontologie , Physik
    Notizen: Abstract The structures of two thiosemicarbazones are described: syn,E-1-cyclopentano-4-ethyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (1) and syn,E-1-cyclopentano-4-phenyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (2). Crystal data: for 1: tetragonal, P43 (#78), a = b = 8.922(7) Å, c = 12.899(13) Å, and Z = 4; for 2: monoclinic a = 15.163(18) Å, b = 7.482(5) Å, c = 12.467(15) Å, β = 119.04(7)°, and Z = 4. In 1, molecules are linked by hydrogen-bonding into infinite chains with non-planar 9-ring subunits in which thioamides interact with the H—N—C—N—N groups of neighbors. Thioamide groups in 2 form dimers linked by N—B···HS hydrogen-bonds with a planar 8-ring as in solid state structures of carboxylic acids. The semicarbazide syn conformation fosters formation of N—H···N intramolecular hydrogen-bonding in each structure. The solid state structures are consistent with their infrared and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 88 (1999), S. 121-137 
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Notizen: Abstract The subject of this paper is modelling and optimal control of consumption and explorationof non‐renewable resources via piecewise‐deterministic Markov processes (PDP). Ingeneral, one assumes that new reserves are found at random times T 1 , T 2 , T 3 ,..., where theinter‐arrival times are exponentially distributed. The amount of resource found at each T i is also a random variable with a given distribution. This process falls into the category ofPDP. In this paper, we clearly show how one can apply the PDP optimal control theory tothe optimal consumption and exploration of non‐renewable resources under uncertain exploration.The advantage of using a PDP model is that no matter how complicated thedynamics, utility function and distribution functions are, as long as they satisfy some mildassumptions, one can easily transform the problem into a deterministic optimal controlproblem, which can be solved iteratively with guaranteed convergence for the value function.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Information systems frontiers 1 (1999), S. 195-203 
    ISSN: 1572-9419
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Informatik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Georgian mathematical journal 6 (1999), S. 415-420 
    ISSN: 1572-9176
    Schlagwort(e): Multiple positive solutions ; multipoint conjugate boundary value problem ; fixed points
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Mathematik
    Notizen: Abstract For the nth order nonlinear differential equation y (n)(t)=f(y(t)), t ∈ [0,1], satisfying the multipoint conjugate boundary conditions, y (j)(ai) = 0,1 ≤ i ≤ k, 0 ≤ j ≤ n i - 1, 0 =a 1 〈 a 2 〈 ⋯ 〈 a k = 1, and ∑ i=1 k n i =n, where f:ℝ→ [0, ∞) is continuous, growth condtions are imposed on f which yield the existence of at least three solutions that belong to a cone.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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