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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 174 (1970), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 25 (1970), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The ability of ribgrass to germinate and subsequently develop in a sward was investigated as part of a competitive study between this species and perennial ryegrass S23. The experimental model emphasized that seedling development was greatly influenced by the frequency and the intensity of cutting to which the associated grass species was subjected.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 25 (1970), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Three pot experiments are described in which perennial ryegrass (S23) and Plantago lanceolata (ribgrass) were grown alone and in mixed stands at varying densities and cent at different frequencies. With frequent cutting the yield of ryegrass was reduced to a greater extent than that of rihgrass, but the mean plant weights of both species were independent of sowing density. The pattern of competition was not altered by a single cutting treatment, the balance being quickly restored by the rapid regrowth of the ryegrass.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of management studies 7 (1970), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1467-6486
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 19 (1970), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Twisting of roots of sugar beet has been associated with the application to the soil of certain herbicides. Severe twisting resulted in root constrictions which in some respects resembled ‘strangles’. Symptoms were most severe when the herbicide was intimately mixed with the soil either after or immediately before sowing.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 10 (1970), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 10 (1970), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary. The adsorption capacity for paraquat of the following materials was examined: three peat soils; two peaty layers below a turf; a commercial sphagnum peat; grass; Begbroke soil; Fullers’ earth; humic acids isolated from a peat soil; lignin isolated from hardwood sawdust; cellulose powder.The Strong Adsorption Capacity (SAC) of these adsorbents was examined first using a chemical method of analysis and then with the more sensitive Lemna bioassay. Peat soils had an appreciable SAC for paraquat even when measured with the bioassay (88–165 kg/ha 2–5 cm depth, 750–1000 ppm), 〉 10 times that of Begbroke soil (14 kg/ha, 50 ppm). Humic acids had a higher adsorption capacity (k = 42, 000) than lignin (k = 2600), while cellulose adsorbed very little paraquat (k = 64).The adsorption of paraquat decreased as the ratio of soil to water increased. Temperature appeared to have very small effects on adsorption in organic soils. Results were consistent with calcium competing for adsorption sites.Paraquat sprayed on the surface of a peat soil up to 36 kg/ha remained in the top 7 mm after leaching with 305 mm of natural rainfall over a period of 4 months. Paraquat adsorbed on commercial sphagnum peat could transfer to clays after incorporation and be inactivated.Adsorption et mobilité du paraquat sur diffétrents sols et constituents du sol〈section xml:id="abs1-1"〉〈title type="main"〉Résumé, La capacityé d'adsorption du paraquat par les milieux suivants a étéétudiée: 3 sols tourbeux, 2 assises tourbeuses sous un gazon, une tourbe commerciale de sphagnum, une tourbe, un sol de Begbroke, une terre à foulon, un acide humique extrait d'un sol tourbeux, une lignine extraite d'une sciure de bois dur, de la poudre de cellulose.La capacityé brute d'adsorption (CBA) de ces adsorbants a été examinée, au moyen d'une méthode chimique d'analyse puis avec la méthode biologique plus sensible utilisant Lemna. Les sols tourbeux montrèrent une CBA appréciable pour le paraquat même lorsqu'elle fut mesurée par la voie biologique (88/165 kg/ha 2,5 cm de profondeur, 750–1000 ppm), plus de 10 fois celle du sol de Begbroke (14 kg/ha 50 ppm). Pour les acides humiques, la capacityé d'adsorption fut plus éievée (k = 42 000) que pour la lignine (k = 2600) alors que la cellulose n'adsorba que très peu de paraquat (k = 64).L'adsorption du paraquat diminua à mesure que le rapport sol/eau augmentait. La temperature n'eut que de très faibles effets sur l'adsorption dans les sols organiques. Les résultats furent en accord avec la concurrence du calcium pour les lieux d'adsorption. Le paraquat appliquéà la surfaee d'un sol tourbeux jusquà la dose de 36 kg/ha resta dans les 7 premiers millimètres après lessivage par 305 mm de pluie natureile péndant une période de 4 mois. Le paraquat adsorbé sur une tourbe commerciale de sphagnum put être transféréè des argiles aprtè avoir été incorporé et inactiveée.Adsorption und Beweglichkeit von Paraquat in verschiedenen Böden und BodenbestandteilenZusammenfassung. Die Adsorptionskapazität von Paraquat wurde für folgende Materialien untersucht: 3 Torfböden; 2 torfige Schichten unter einem Rasen; 1 handelsüblicher Sphagnum-Torf; Gras; Begbroke-Boden; Fullers′-Erde; aus einem Moorboden isolierte Huminsäuren; aus Hartholz-Sägemehl isoliertes Lignin; Cellulosepulver. Die Kapazität zur festen Adsorption (Strong Adsorption Capacity, SAC) dieser Adsorptionsmittel wurde zunächst mit Hilfe einer chemischen Analysenmethode untersucht und anschliessend mit dem empfindlichen Lemna-Biotest. Torfböden hatten für Paraquat auch bei Messung mit dem Biotest einen deutlichen SAC (88–165 kg/ha 2,5 cm tief, 750–100D ppm), der mehr als 10 mal den Wert von Begbroke-Boden (14 kg/ha, 50 ppm) betrug. Huminsäuren hatten eine höhere Adsorptionskapazität (k - 42000) als Lignin (k = 2600), während Cellulose Paraquat nur sehr wenig adsorbierte (k = 64).Die Adsorption von Paraquat nahm in dem Masse ab wie sich das Verhältnis von Boden zu Wasser erhöhte. Die Temperatur hatte offensichtlich einen sehi geringen Einfluss auf die Adsorption in organischen Böden. Reproduzierbare Ergebnisse konnten bezüglich der Konkurrenz mit Calcium um die Adsorptionsorte gefunden werden.Auf die Oberfläche eines Moorbodens in einer Aufwandmenge von 36 kg/ha gespritztes Paraquat verblieb nach Einwaschung mit 305 mm natürlichem Regen während einer Periode von vier Monaten in den oberen 7 mm. An handelsüblichcn Sphagum-Torf adsorbiertes Paraquat wurde nach Incorporation an Ton übertragen und auf diese Weise inaktiviert.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 10 (1970), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary. The sensitivity of eight species to paraquat taken up through the roots was tested in nutrient solution experiments. Ryegrass, lettuce and carrot, which were found to be the most sensitive, were assessed for response to paraquat in a peat soil. Lettuce and ryegrass were the most suitable of the eight species for soil bioassays.Toxicité du paraquat pour diverses espéces aprés absorption par les racinesRésumé. La sensibilité de huit espéces au paraquat absorbé par les racines a étéétudiée dans des experiences en solutions nutritives. Le ray-grass, la laitue et la carotte qui se sont montrés les plus sensibles furent employés pour évaluer la réaction au paraquat dans un sol tourbeux. La laitue et le ray-grass furent, parmi les huit espéces, les plus appropriate aux essais biologiques.Phytotoxizitdt von Paraquat gegeniiber einer Anzahl von Arten nach WurzelaufnahmeZusammenfassung. Die Empfindlichkeit von acht Arten gegenuber Paraquat nach Wurzel Aufnahme wurde in Wasserkulturversuchen untersucht. Weidelgras, Salat und Möhren hat ten sich als am empfindlichsten erwiesen und wurden auf ihre Reaktion gegenuber Paraquat in einem Lehmboden untersucht. Salat und Weidelgras erwiesen sich von den acht untersuchten Arten als die beiden geeigneuten für Bodenbiotests.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 6 (1970), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: The paper describes an experiment using three different methods for the production of control for topographic mapping from super-wide angle photography. The result showed that aerial triangulation by independent models observed on a Wild A9 would show economic advantages in cartographic effort required, control requirements, and accuracy attained in contouring. The experiment also indicated that great benefit in heighting accuracy is derived from the addition of tie strips flown at right angles to the main photographic cover at a suitable interval and that heights supplied by airborne profile recorder are not sufficiently accurate to be economically advantageous where close interval contours are a requirement.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 25 (1970), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: A great number of experiments with varying dates of N application to grassland showed that the most suitable time of applying spring N in tbe Netberlaods varies, as a result of weather conditions, from year to year from mid-February to mid-April. In such experiments the best time of spring N application, which needs to be known in advance, can only be determined after the grass bas been harvested and weighed. The results of these experiments supported the opinion that the best application date coincides with the banging of grass growth. However, at that time it was not possible clearly to define the begimiing of grass growth.When in 1959 a measuring disc was put into use the beginning of grass growth could be precisely determined and it was then found that the beginning of grass growth was closely correlated to a certain accumulated temperature from 1 Jan. from which the date of the beginning of grass growth can be predicted. This date is the most suitable one for applying spring N to grassland.
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