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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lifetime-measurements of alkali-molecules excited by different laserlines (1970)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 232 (1970), S. 462-472 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Absorbing different lines of acw-argon ion laser or a He-Ne-laser the alkali molecules Na2, K2, Rb2 and Cs2 can be pumped into different rotational-vibrational levels of an excited electronic state. The lifetimes of these states have been measured using the phase shift technique at a modulation frequency of 18 Mc/sec. Because of collisions with the always present alkali atoms the excited molecules may undergo collision-induced transitions to other states and their lifetimes are dependent on the atomic pressure. This dependence was measured and the spontaneous lifetimes were obtained by extrapolation against zero pressure. Different collision processes are discussed which compete with the unperturbed fluorescence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01395677
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purines and cortisone in lipid mobilization (1970)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 26 (1970), S. 128-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Purin-Basen, Kaffein und Cortison führen zu einer Vermehrung der Fettsäuren im Rattenserum. Adenin vermindert im Gegensatz zu den anderen Purinen die Lipolyse.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01895532
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ion association reactions with biological membranes, studied with the fluorescent dye 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate (1970)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 3 (1970), S. 241-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary (1) When salts are added to buffered suspensions of membrane fragments containing the fluorochrome 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate (ANS), there is an increased fluorescence. This is caused by increased binding of the fluorochrome; the intrinsic fluorescence characteristics of the bound dye remain unaltered. These properties make ANS a sensitive and versatile indicator of ion association equilibria with membranes. (2) Alkali metal and alkylammonium cations bind to membranes in a unique manner. Cs+ binds most strongly to rat brain microsomal material, with the other alkali metals in the order Cs+〉Rb+〉K+〉Na+〉Li+. The reaction is endothermic and entropy driven. Monovalent cations are displaced by other monovalent cations. Divalent cations and some drugs (e. g., cocaine) displace monovalent cations more strongly. (3) Divalent cations bind to membranes (and to lecithin micelles) at four distinct sites, having apparent association constants between 50 and 0.2mm −1. The characteristics of the titration suggest that only one species of binding site is present at any one time, and open the possibility that structural transitions of the unassociated coordination sites may be induced by divalent cation binding. Divalent cation binding at the weakest site (like monovalent cation binding) is endothermic and entropy driven. At the next stronger site, the reaction is exothermic. Monovalent cations affect divalent cation binding by reducing the activity coefficient: they do not appear to displace divalent cations from their binding sites.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01868018
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adiabatic shear bands in steel (1970)
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 6 (1970), S. 106-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00183670
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  • 5
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    Purines and cortisone in lipid mobilization (1970)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1970-02-01
    Print ISSN: 0014-4754
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer
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  • 6
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    Evaluation of ENTLN performance characteristics based on the ground-truth natural and rocket-triggered lightning data acquired in Florida (2017)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-08-31
    Description: The performance characteristics of the Earth Networks Total Lightning Network (ENTLN) were evaluated by using as ground-truth natural cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning data acquired at the Lightning Observatory in Gainesville (LOG) and rocket-triggered lightning data obtained at Camp Blanding (CB), Florida, in 2014 and 2015. Two ENTLN processors (data processing algorithms) were evaluated. The old processor (P2014) was put into use in June 2014 and the new one (P2015) has been operational since August 2015. Based on the natural-CG-lightning dataset (219 flashes containing 608 strokes), the flash detection efficiency (DE), flash classification accuracy (CA), stroke DE, and stroke CA for the new processor were found to be 99%, 97%, 96%, and 91%, respectively, and the corresponding values for the old processor were 99%, 91%, 97%, and 68%. The stroke DE and stroke CA for first strokes are higher than those for subsequent strokes. Based on the rocket-triggered lightning dataset (36 CG flashes containing 175 strokes), the flash DE, flash CA, stroke DE, and stroke CA for the new processor were found to be 100%, 97%, 97%, and 86%, respectively, while the corresponding values for the old processor were 100%, 92%, 97%, and 42%. The median values of location error and absolute peak current estimation error were 215 m and 15% for the new processor, and 205 m and 15% for the old processor. For both natural and triggered CG lightning, strokes with higher peak currents were more likely to be both detected and correctly classified by the ENTLN.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 7
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    Gamma-ray signatures of neutrons from a terrestrial gamma-ray flash (2017)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-09-19
    Description: Following a lightning strike to a wind turbine in Japan, we have observed a large burst of neutrons lasting 100 ms with a ground fluence of ~1000 n cm -2 , thousands of times greater than the peak neutron flux associated with the largest ground level solar particle event ever observed. This is the first detection of an unequivocal signature of neutrons from a terrestrial gamma-ray flash, and is shown to be consistent with the production of 10 12 -10 13 photoneutrons from a downward TGF at 1.0 km, with a gamma-ray brightness typical of upward TGFs observed by satellites.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 8
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    Temperature and oxygen dependence of the remineralization of organic matter (2017)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-06-08
    Description: Accurate representation of the remineralization of sinking organic matter is crucial for reliable projections of the marine carbon cycle. Both water temperature and oxygen concentration are thought to influence remineralization rates, but limited data constraints have caused disagreement concerning the degree of these influences. We analyse a compilation of POC flux measurements from 19 globally distributed sites. Our results indicate that the attenuation of the flux of particulate organic matter depends on temperature with a Q 10 between 1.5 and 2.01, and on oxygen described by a half saturation constant between 4 and 12 μ mol/L. We assess the impact of the temperature and oxygen dependence in the biogeochemistry model COBALT, coupled to GFDL's Earth System Model ESM2M. The new remineralization parameterization results in shallower remineralization in the low latitudes but deeper remineralization in the high latitudes, redistributing POC flux towards the poles. It also decreases the volume of the oxygen minimum zones, partly addressing a long-standing bias in global climate models. Extrapolating temperature-dependent remineralization rates to the surface (i.e., beyond the depth range of POC flux data) resulted in rapid recycling and excessive surface nutrients. Surface nutrients could be ameliorated by reducing near surface rates in a manner consistent with bacterial colonization, suggesting the need for improved remineralization constraints within the euphotic zone. The temperature and oxygen dependence cause an additional 10% decrease in global POC flux at 500m depth, but no significant change in global POC flux at 2000m under the RCP8.5 future projection.
    Print ISSN: 0886-6236
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-9224
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 9
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    New group 13 MIL-53 derivates based on 2,5-thiophenedicarboxylic acid (2017)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-04
    Description: A new rigid metal-organic framework (MOF) with MIL-53 topology built of 2,5-thiophenedicarboxylate (TDC) and Al, Ga or In is reported. Its structure contains chains of trans corner sharing MO6-octahedra, connected by the linker molecules to form microporous square shaped 1D channels. A combination of powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), density functional theory (DFT) calculations and 1H, 13C and 27Al solid-state NMR spectroscopy (ssNMR) was used to analyse the structures in detail. The synthesis is easily scaled-up using microwave assisted solvothermal conditions. All materials possess a high thermal stability up to 420 °C in air and permanent porosity towards N2, H2, CO2, and CH4. Al-MIL-53-TDC shows a high specific surface area of as,BET = 1150 m2g-1 with a micropore volume of Vmic = 0.48 cm3g-1 as well as water uptake of 5.5 H2O molecules per sum formula (469 mg/g) with an a sigmoidal shape, advantageous for heat-transformation processes. Noteworthy, this material adsorbs 2.1 wt% H2 at -196 °C and 1 bar which surpasses other Al-MIL-53 compounds based on linear functionalized terephthalates.
    Print ISSN: 0044-2313
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-3749
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Wiley
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  • 10
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    Magnesium doped Gallium Phophonates Ga1-xMgx[H3+x(O3PCH2)3N] (x = 0, 0.20) and the influence on proton conductivity (2017)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-11-25
    Description: In our contribution to the development of new proton conductive coordination polymers (CPs) we focus on the impact of a partial replacement of Ga3+ by Mg2+. This approach should come along with the implementation of additional protons due to charge balances. In a first step we have synthesized an isostructural compound to the literature known compound AlH3P3N (H6P3N nitrilotris(methylene)-triphosphonic acid), where Al3+ is replaced by Ga3+, since all attempts to incorporate Mg2+ ions directly into AlH3P3N were not successful. The relative amount of Mg2+ and Ga3+ was established by EDX analysis. Rietveld refinement of the synchrotron data located the Ga3+ and Mg2+ ions on a split position, proving the disordered incorporation of the Mg2+ ions. Solid-state NMR spectroscopy confirms a disordered protonation of the phosphonate groups as well and shows that all amine groups are protonated. In order to investigate the effect on the proton conductivity the compounds GaH3[(O3PCH2)3N], denoted GaH3P3N as well as Ga0.80Mg0.20[H3.20(O3PCH2)3N], denoted GaMgH3.20P3N, were characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Arrhenius behaviour in the investigated temperature range (70-130 °C) was found for both compounds (activation energies of Ea = 0.15 eV for GaH3P3N and 0.17 eV for GaMgP3N). The GaMgH3.20P3N sample shows a reduced proton mobility (σ = 1.2×10 4 S/cm) of about one order of magnitude in comparison to GaH3P3N (σ = 1.0×10 3 S/cm).
    Print ISSN: 0044-2313
    Electronic ISSN: 1521-3749
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Wiley
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