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  • Articles  (153)
  • Physics  (107)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (30)
  • Industrial Chemistry  (16)
  • 1965-1969  (153)
  • 1945-1949
  • 1968  (153)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some rheological properties of molten polypropylene (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 871-883 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The following measurements were carried out on the melts of two samples of polypropylene, one with a narrow and one with a broad molecular weight distribution: viscosity in steady shear flow, dynamic storage and loss moduli, total normal thrust in cone-and-plate apparatus, and flow birefringence. The validity of various theoretical interrelations between the measured quantities is checked. The influence of molecular weight distribution is qualitatively discussed.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.160060507
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amino-acid sequence study in peptides by mass spectometry-IIFor Part I see Ref. 3.. Investigation of pentadeuterobenzoyl-peptide methyl esters (1968)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 1 (1968), S. 345-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The utility of benzoyl and pentadeuterobenzoyl derivatives of peptide methyl esters for mass spectrometric analysis was investigated. The mass spectra of the glu-his and the val-tyr-pro derivatives are discussed. Treatment of the peptide methyl esters with the mixed benzoic-ethyl-carbonic anhydride did in some cases lead to benzoyl derivatives as well as to ethoxycarbonyl derivatives.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oms.1210010304
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerization and copolymerization of α-methacrylophenone (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 6 (1968), S. 1841-1848 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Under a variety of conditions it has not been possible to induce the free-radical-initiated homopolymerization of α-methacrylophenone (α-MAP). The only product isolated from such efforts was the Diels-Alder dimer of the monomer. A Mayo-Lewis plot of the free-radical copolymerization of α-MAP and styrene shows considerable scatter but the copolymer composition indicates that an α-MAP unit can add to itself. These results have been ascribed to a penultimate effect. α-MAP is homopolymerized by dimsylsodium or n-butyllithium. Attempted copolymerization of α-map and styrene with n-butyllithium produces 〉95% α-MAP. Unexpectedly, α-MAP does not homopolymerize with lithium dispersion, but does react in the presence of styrene to give product containing a relatively small amount of α-MAP.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.150060706
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermoelastic properties of networks in swelling equilibrium: Poly(vinyl alcohol) (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 1051-1063 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The energy component of the stress has been determined for poly(vinyl alcohol) networks in swelling equilibrium with a series of water-ethylene glycol compositions. The data are analyzed by using the equations describing the thermoelasticity of networks in swelling equilibrium. The ratio fe/f of the energy component to the total force, as calculated from these equations, varies systematically with diluent composition but is independent of elongation in a given diluent. For a network crosslinked by terephthalaldehyde, fe/f varied from -0.33 to -0.42 as the diluent composition was changed from pure water to 20% ethylene glycol. Similar effects were found in a network crosslinked by formaldehyde. It is not yet certain whether this effect represents a real solvent dependence of fe/f or a failure of the equation of state to account for the effect of composition changes on the force.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.160060602
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid stress-induced crystallization in natural rubber (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 1689-1703 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Stress-induced crystallization in a rapidly stretched natural rubber gum vulcanizate has been studied using thermal techniques to follow the development of crystallinity. A special-purpose analog computer has been assembled and used on-line to process the thermal and mechanical data obtained in high speed tensile testing. Roughly first-order room temperature crystallization kinetics curves were obtained having time constants of 50-60 msec in the range of 400-540% extension. While the rate of this rapid, presumably primary crystallization appears rather insensitive to elongation in this limited range, the extent of crystallization at 400 msec increases smoothly from zero at 340% elongation to around 18% at 540% elongation. It is shown that our high-speed tensile tester can stretch this vulcanizate fast enough that most of the crystallization takes place after extension has been completed. Stress-strain curves obtained at this high rate are compared with those obtained at lower rates where crystallization takes place during the stretching.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.160061001
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth and drawing of polyacrylonitrile crystals grown from solution (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 1381-1399 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Polyacrylonitrile crystals were grown from dilute solutions of propylene carbonate by a technique similar to that described by Holland et al. Crystals were also grown on various substrates and sampled at various stages of growth after washing away the uncrystallized solution. The initial single lamellae rapidly develop into complex twinned structures with many overgrowths. The morphology of the full-grown crystal varied considerably with crystallization temperature. Small-angle x-ray and electron microscopy results indicate only a small change in lamellar thickness with crystallization temperature for our polymer. Electron and x-ray diffraction results indicate lateral order can be quite good in these crystals. Our x-ray results indicate that the previously reported a and b parameters should be doubled to give a = 21.18 Å and b = 11.60 Å. However, there was no evidence for chain-axis order. The crystals were stretched at various stages of growth on Mylar film. Multilamellar crystals having their long axis parallel to the draw direction formed large cracks perpendicular to the long axis. Fibers of large diameter (100-250 Å) were observed across these cracks. When the long axis of these crystals was at an angle to the draw direction no large cracks or fibers were observed. Single lamellae generally cracked perpendicular to the draw direction, irrespective of their orientation to the draw direction. Definite fibers were not observable across cracks in single lamellae.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.160060714
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of diffusion in gel permeation chromatography (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 1217-1226 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A theory is developed that describes the diffusion of solute into the gel particles during a gel permeation chromatographic experiment. The particles are treated as homogeneous spheres of radius a, into which diffusion takes place with diffusion coefficient Ds. The concentration in the mobile phase at any level at any time is supposed to be uniform throughout the cross-section of the column. It is shown that in the usual columns the effect of diffusion in the mobile phase is unimportant. A determinative quantity in the process is the parameter a2/Dst, where t is the time. For large values of a2/Dst an explicit expression for concentration versus time in the mobile phase at the end of the column is derived [eq. (26) and Fig. 1]. It shows a relatively long tail at large efflux volumes V, where the concentration varies at V-3/2. For arbitrary values of a2/Dst the first three moments of the concentration versus time curve are calculated [eqs. (33)-(37)]. Pronounced skewness of the curve is found unless a2/Dst is small.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.160060702
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffusion in atactic polystyrene above the glass transition point (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 675-685 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Diffusivities and solubilities in the system n-pentane-polystyrene were measured for low penetrant concentrations at several temperatures above the glass transition temperature. The relatively sharp changes in the activation energy of diffusion and the heat of solution near 150°C. are interpreted tentatively as indicating that a second-order transition exists in atactic polystyrene above the glass transition temperature. Evidence indicating the existence of this transition has been obtained by other techniques and the effects observed in this study should also be present in the diffusion of other penetrants in polystyrene. Correlation of these and other available data for diffusion in polystyrene as a function of the molecular size of the penetrant indicates that specific thermodynamic interactions between polymer and penetrant have little influence on the diffusion process.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.160060403
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystallization kinetics of polymer-diluent mixtures. Influence of benzophenone on the spherulitic growth rate of isotactic polystyrene (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 885-894 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: As an extension of earlier work on the crystallization kinetics of isotactic polystyrene, the spherulite growth rate in mixtures of isotactic polystyrene and benzophenone has been measured over a concentration range extending from pure polymer to a mixture containing about 30% benzophenone. The glass transition temperature has been measured over the entire range from pure polymer to pure benzophenone. For the mixtures the dependence of the growth rate on temperature is similar to that of the undiluted polymer. The addition of benzophenone causes a shift of the crystallization range to lower temperatures. For mixtures containing up to about 20% benzophenone, the maximum in the growth rate increases with increasing content of benzophenone. On addition of more benzophenone, the maximum rate is depressed. Taking into account the glass transition temperature of the mixtures, the influence of benzophenone on the melting point of isotactic polystyrene, and the volume fraction of polymer, we can describe the influence of benzophenone on the growth rate in a semiquantitative way.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.160060508
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermoelasticity of networks in swelling equilibrium (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 1041-1050 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: A theoretical analysis of the thermoelastic behavior of polymeric networks in swelling equilibrium with excess diluent, using both the kinetic theory of elasticity and the Flory-Huggins theory of mixing, is presented. Our calculations are restricted to the special case of diluents composed of a single constituent. The results are used to obtain the ratio of the energy component of the force fe to the total force f of rubber networks swollen in excess n-decane, and we find fe/f to be 0.17, which compares favorably with the value 0.18 reported for the unswollen network. Furthermore, fe/f is independent of elongation, in accordance with theory. The kinetic theory of elasticity is reasonably well obeyed in this highly swollen system although there remains a small contribution to the force from the C2 term of the Mooney-Rivlin phenomenological elasticity equation. It is not believed that this has an appreciable effect on fe/f.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.160060601
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