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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromosome studies of a donkey-grevy zebra hybrid (1964)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 15 (1964), S. 1-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Leukocyte and skin cultures of a female hybrid between a donkey and Grevy zebra show a diploid chromosome complement of 48. From this finding it is inferred that the Grevy zebra is characterized by 2n=34 and that such hybrid's regular infertility is analogous to that of mules and hinnies. Barr bodies were present in the tissue-cultured cells and studies with tritiated thymidine show that Barr body and the chromosome set replicate asynchronously. One large element corresponds to the late replicating X of other species and often possesses the morphologic features of a donkey X. At other times it is decidedly more metacentric, a quality tentatively assigned to the Grevy zebra X. Not enough cells could be studied to determine whether random or selective late replication (? inactivation) of one or the other of the sex chromosomes takes place. It is suggested that the study of such hybrids may yield cytologic information concerning the lyon hypothesis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00326911
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential adhesion, activity, and carbohydrate: Protein ratios ofPseudomonas atlantica monocultures attaching to stainless steel in a linear shear gradient (1990)
    Springer
    Microbial ecology 19 (1990), S. 269-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-184X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Biofilm formation on metallic surfaces in marine and freshwater environments often precedes corrosion and other biofouling conditions. Attachment is mediated by such environmental factors as the presence of surface conditioning films, fluid dynamics, bulk-phase nutrient levels, and surface chemistry. In this study, we utilized a Fowler Cell Adhesion Measurement Module to demonstrate that the changes in cellular concentration and composition of a monoculture ofPseudomonas atlantica biofilms on stainless steel were a function of the applied shear force. At shear forces in the range of 3–10 dynes cm−2 (1.0 liter min−1), attachment as measured by acridine orange direct microscopic counts was greatest at the higher shear forces.14C-Acetate uptake activity on the stainless steel surfaces increased with shear stress. Acetate incorporation ranged from 1×10−5 to 19×10−5 μmol cm−2 between 0.15 and 30 dynes cm−2 for 30 min uptake periods. On a per cell basis, however, activity decreased with shear, indicating a shift in metabolism. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that protein and carbohydrate concentrations also increased with the applied shear. Increased biofilm C∶N ratios and total fatty acids were associated with the higher shear stresses. Neither radius of interaction nor biofilm age appeared to significantly influence the relationship between fluid shear and attachment and cellular composition ofP. atlantica biofilms in the range of 1–10 dynes cm−2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02017171
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of different culture methods for hybridoma propagation and monoclonal antibody production (1990)
    Springer
    Cytotechnology 4 (1990), S. 69-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0778
    Keywords: hybridoma ; monoclonal ; productivity ; batch ; continuous ; perfusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A major variable to consider in the production of biologicals from mammalian cell cultures is the mode of operation, be it a batch, continuous, perfusion, fed-batch or other production method. The final choice must consider a number of fundamental and economic issues. Here we present some antibody production data from different cell lines using different modes of production and discuss the important factors for consideration in choosing a production strategy. It was found that the productivity of batch cultures was lower than that obtained in continuous and perfused cultures, but that productivity could be improved by implementing suitable feeding strategies. The antibody productivity of one cell line, MCL1, during exponential phase was not affected by media type or glucose level. The maximum productivity of two cell lines in continuous culture was found to occur at dilution rates below the maximum, from 0.019 to 0.030 hr−1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00148812
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Can the mudskipper, Periophthalmus chrysospilos, tolerate acute environmental hypoxic exposure? (1990)
    Springer
    Fish physiology and biochemistry 8 (1990), S. 221-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5168
    Keywords: respiration ; airbreathing teleost ; hypoxia ; oxygen debt
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The mudskipper P. chrysospilos became inert at 0.76 μl O2.ml−1 when it was allowed to respire in a ‘closed respiratory chamber’. No ethanol was detected although it excreted three times more total carbon dioxide into the surrounding sea water than the amount of oxygen consumed. However, P. chrysospilos could survive environmental hypoxic exposure (0.8 μl O2.ml−1) for at least 6 h. Upon normoxic recovery, the oxygen debt repayment was only a small fraction of the oxygen deficit incurred during the 6 h of hypoxic exposure. It would therefore appear that P. chrysospilos was able to cope with environmental hypoxia by suppressing its metabolic rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00004461
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book review (1990)
    Springer
    Asia Pacific journal of management 7 (1990), S. 147-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9958
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01731428
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Public perception towards sewage treatment plants in selected areas in Selangor and Kuala lumpur, Malaysia (1990)
    Springer
    The environmentalist 10 (1990), S. 85-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2991
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Summary A public perception survey on sewage treatment plants carried out in selected areas in Selangor and Kuala Lumpur revealed several interesting and unexpected findings. The general perception patterns regarding odour, noise and visual impact, suggest that the perceived intensity is a function of the time of adaptation. It was also revealed that pests constitute a serious nuisance, to which adaptation was not possible. The level of public awareness regarding sewage treatment was surprisingly low, despite the urban locality of the study areas. The need to educate the public on health and sanitation is viewed as extremely important in terms of social acceptance and the proper operation of sewage treatment plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02244386
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of residual stresses on the failure micromechanisms in toughened epoxy systems (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 25 (1990), S. 2144-2148 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The residual stress-strain distributions in various toughened epoxy systems have been analysed and related to their failure micromechanisms. The thermal expansion mismatch between epoxy and dispersed fillers gives rise to either compressive or tensile radial stresses at the interface. The interplay of these and the crack-tip stresses can profoundly govern the nature of crack tip-filler interactions which in turn dictate the micromechanisms of failure. Control of these stresses may be tailored to improve the fracture resistance and crack growth stability of toughened epoxies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01045780
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The economic impact of the information sector in Singapore (1990)
    Springer
    Economic change & restructuring 23 (1990), S. 51-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-0277
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract The information sector, delineated as encompassing activities associated with the production and dissemination of information goods and services, is recognised as a dynamic growth sector in developed as well as newly-industrialising countries. Using an input-output methodology, this paper attempts to measure the magnitude and assess the economic impact of the information sector in Singapore. The results are found to be favourable although a number of caveats may be raised regarding its apparent import dependency and foreign exchange earning capability, which has turned from positive to negative over the ten-year period 1973–83. Other issues are also raised concerning the institutional framework, both domestic and international, necessary to support the sector both efficiently and flexibly. Policy implications are drawn from the results of the input-output analysis to consolidate and reinforce current policies to promote information technology in Singapore.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00418970
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct determination of atmospheric lead by Zeeman solid sampling graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) (1990)
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 337 (1990), S. 299-305 
    Details
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Atmospheric lead was collected by membrane filters using two low volume air samplers at Jülich, Stolberg, and Wetzlar, Federal Republic of Germany. Sampling times varied from 2 to 8 h. After sampling, each filter was subsampled in two cross-sections using a clean stainless steel punch (diameter 5 mm). The lead content of each subsample disc was determined directly by Zeeman GFAAS, calibrated with aqueous standard solutions and supported by solid reference materials. The distribution of lead between the subsamples was generally homogeneous, with standard deviations ranging from 11 to 37%, but typically 〈15% for samples with 8 h sampling time. The analysis of each filter usually took about 30 min. The differences in air quality between the three sampling locations, as measured by the lead concentrations, are discussed. In general, Stolberg appears to have the highest lead concentrations. The mass particle-size distribution of lead in the aerosol samples collected by membrane filters using a cascade impactor at Stolberg was also investigated with the same analytical technique. Using graphite platform boats as direct samplers, it is possible for the dry deposition flux of lead to be estimated. This provides a quick means of assessing the levels of lead pollution in the atmospheric environment. With lead concentrations measured in parallel, the dry deposition velocities of lead can be estimated under various meteorological conditions. Application of similar sampling and analytical techniques to other atmospheric trace metals may be possible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00321978
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  • 10
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    Effects of residual stresses on the failure micromechanisms in toughened epoxy systems (1990)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1990-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0022-2461
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-4803
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Published by Springer
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