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1

Digitale Medien

The interaction of alkoxy silane coupling agents with silica surfaces (1971)

Kaas, R. L. ; Kardos, J. L.

Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Polymer Engineering and Science 11 (1971), S. 11-18

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ISSN: 0032-3888

Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik

Notizen: The interactions of γ-aminopropyltriethoxy silane (A-1100), γ-methacryloxytrimethoxy silane (A-174), γ-glycidoxytrimethoxy silane (A-187), and ethyltriethoxy silane (A-15) with silica surfaces have been studied by means of infrared spectroscopy. The results indicate that the major force holding the silane to the silica surface after application from dilute solutions is primary chemical bonding. These bonds are formed by a condensation reaction between silanols on the hydrolyzed form of the silane and hydroxyl groups on the silica surface. In the case of the amino-silane (A-1100), hydrogen bonding was found to exist but was of minor importance in bonding the silane to the surface. In studying the effects of the addition of water, acetic acid, or n-propylamine to various silane treating solutions, it was found that n-propylamine has a unique catalytic effect on the condensation reaction. This catalytic effect explains the observation that γ-aminopropyltriethoxy silane is more reactive than the other silanes studied. It is felt that silanes not containing an amine group can be made more effective if they are applied in the presence of an amine catalyst.

Zusätzliches Material: 10 Ill.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760110104

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2

Digitale Medien

Factors influencing the thermal oxidation of polyethylene (1971)

Hawkins, W. L. ; Chan, M. G. ; Link, G. L.

Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Polymer Engineering and Science 11 (1971), S. 377-380

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ISSN: 0032-3888

Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik

Notizen: The thermal stability of polyethylene containing conventional antioxidants is adversely affected by contact with copper, by certain pigments, and by the addition of a few percent of polypropylene as a processing aid. Polyethylene inhibited with 0.1% of phenolic antioxidants has approximately the same oxidative stability when in contact with a copper surface as the unprotected polymer. A mechanism is suggested to account for the loss of stability in the presence of copper. Pigments vary in the extent to which they adversely affect the oxidative stability of polyethylene. Since several factors may combine to decrease the stability of protected polyethylene compositions, as determined by accelerated tests, it is essential that their contribution under service conditions be determined. The predicted life at temperatures encountered in service is determined by extrapolating accelerated test data to that constant temperature which is calculated to cause the same degree of degradation as would occur during the daily and seasonal temperature cycles encountered in use.

Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760110505

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3

Digitale Medien

Cold forming of plastics part I. Draw forming of thermoplastic sheets (1971)

Li, H. L. ; Koch, P. ; Prevorsek, D. C. ; [weitere]

Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Polymer Engineering and Science 11 (1971), S. 99-108

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ISSN: 0032-3888

Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik

Notizen: An experimental procedure is outlined to examine the potential of thermoplastic sheets in draw forming. Experiments carried out on a variety of materials indicate that the following requirements must be fulfilled for a thermoplastic sheet to be cold formable: (1) The glass transition of polymer should be above ambient temperature and above the temperature of forming, (2) tensile elongation at break should equal or exceed 30%, (3) ratio of tensile to compressive yield stress should equal or exceed 1.6 and (4) sheet must not yield locally (neck) when strained in tension.An experimental method has been developed to determine the compressive, friction and bending forces which oppose the drawing force exerted by the punch. It is shown that the compressive force is, in most cases, largest. A stress analysis is carried out leading to an expression correlating the maximum depth of draw as a function of basic properties of sheets such as tensile strength (St*) and compressive yield stress (Sc). The effect of rolling on drawability is examined and interpreted in terms of the ratio St*/Sc. The cold formed items have a lower heat distortion temperature than their thermoformed counterparts.

Zusätzliches Material: 13 Ill.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760110205

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4

Digitale Medien

Stress-strain behavior of styrene-acrylonitrile/glass bead composites in the glassy region (1971)

Nicolais, L. ; Narkis, M.

Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Polymer Engineering and Science 11 (1971), S. 194-199

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ISSN: 0032-3888

Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik

Notizen: The effects of temperature, strain rate and filler content on tensile properties of SAN/glass bead composites are studied. A point of discontinuity on the stress-strain curves for unannealed composites is investigated, annealing results in smooth curves with no discontinuities. A simple model for the filler effect on yield stress is suggested and shown to be in a good agreement with experimental data. A double shifting procedure to account for the temperature and filler effects on yield stress as a function of strain rate is proposed. A single master curve that can be represented by the equation: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \frac{{\sigma yc}}{{{\rm 1 - 1}{\rm .21}\phi ^{{\rm 2/3}} }} = A + B\,{\rm ln (}\dot \epsilon a_T) $$\end{document} relates composite yield stress to strain rate, temperature and filler volume fraction.

Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760110305

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5

Digitale Medien

Stress-time superposition of creep data for polypropylene and coupled glass-reinforced polypropylene (1971)

Cessna, L. C.

Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Polymer Engineering and Science 11 (1971), S. 211-219

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ISSN: 0032-3888

Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik

Notizen: Glass-reinforced thermoplastics are being considered in many structural applications and fabricators require design information on these materials. Basic creep data are, in many cases, the most useful for design purposes. The work reported here concerns the development of methods of increasing our efficiency in generating creep data. The methods developed are applicable to polypropylene and coupled, glass-reinforced polypropylene. A stress-time superposition procedure has been found valid for extending creep data generated on coupled glass-reinforced polypropylene at several glass levels and at temperatures of 23 and 80°C.

Zusätzliches Material: 15 Ill.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760110308

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6

Digitale Medien

An experimental study of plasticating in a reciprocating-screw injection molding machine (1971)

Donovan, R. C. ; Thomas, D. E. ; Leversen, L. D.

Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Polymer Engineering and Science 11 (1971), S. 353-360

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ISSN: 0032-3888

Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik

Notizen: Experimental studies were performed with low density polyethylene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymers and on polyvinyl chloride to elucidate the nature of the plasticating process in a reciprocating-screw injection molding machine. Melting data, obtained by use of the “cooling experiment,” and plastic temperature data reveal that the screw recharge process is a transient plasticating extrusion process which gradually approaches the equilibrium extrusion behavior as the screw rotates. If the screw rotation time is a high percentage of the total cycle time, the plasticating behavior is very similar to steady-state extrusion behavior, but if the screw rotation time is a small percentage of the total cycle time, the plasticating behavior is significantly different. Furthermore, better plasticating is obtained by use of a low RPM and high percentage rotation time than by a high RPM and low percentage rotation time.

Zusätzliches Material: 19 Ill.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760110502

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7

Digitale Medien

Solids conveying in screw extruders part III: The delay zoneParts of this paper were presented at the 1971 ANTEC in Washington. (1972)

Kacir, L. ; Tadmor, Z.

Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Polymer Engineering and Science 12 (1972), S. 387-395

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ISSN: 0032-3888

Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik

Notizen: A theoretical model was developed for the newly-defined delay zone of the plasticating screw extruder. The delay zone starts at the end of the solids conveying zone, i.e. at the point where the solid plug surface contacting the barrel melts and forms a film of melt up to where the steady state melting mechanism starts to operate. The model permits the film thickness and pressure profiles in this zone to be calculated. Published results were used to support the validity of the model. The results indicate that the film thickness at the end of the delay zone is several times the flight clearance. Finally, a criteria, based on the final value of the film thickness, is suggested to calculate the length of the delay zone.

Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760120511

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8

Digitale Medien

Application of holographic interference technique to mechanical studies of polymeric solids (1971)

Matsuoka, S. ; Wallder, V. T. ; Beauchamp, H. L.

Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Polymer Engineering and Science 11 (1971), S. 46-50

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ISSN: 0032-3888

Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik

Notizen: Holographic reflective interference patterns arising from a small displacement of the surface of polymer solids provide a very sensitive means for detecting the internal stress related to molecular orientation, as well as measuring very small time dependent deformations not accessible by conventional means. Applicability of this technique using 6328Å laser light on various mechanical studies in polymeric solids is discussed.

Zusätzliches Material: 11 Ill.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760110108

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9

Digitale Medien

Prediction of high density polyethylene processing behavior from rheological measurements (1971)

Shida, M. ; Cancio, L. V.

Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Polymer Engineering and Science 11 (1971), S. 124-128

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ISSN: 0032-3888

Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik

Notizen: In order to predict the processing behavior of a high density polyethylene resin one must know the resin flow behavior over a wide range of shear rates. Low shear properties are important in applications where melt strength, sagging, etc. are critical. On the other hand, high shear flow properties are a determining factor in applications where melt instability, melt fracture and heat generation are important. The flow behavior of a resin can be established by measuring the zero shear viscosity, η0, the maximum relaxation time, τ0, and the shape of the flow curve. We have measured these basic rheological parameters on a large number of high density polyethylene resins. A shear sensitivity parameter which is independent of molecular weight was derived from a correlation between η0 and τ0. This parameter, together with η0, provide the vital information needed in order to predict the processing behavior of the resin. This method is applicable to other polymer systems provided that the rheological parameters η0 and τ0 can be experimentally obtained.

Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760110207

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10

Digitale Medien

Mathematics of linear-temperature programmed, first order kinetics in peroxide catalyzed polymerizations (1971)

Willard, P. E. ; Alvarez, M. ; Cha, L. C.

Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Polymer Engineering and Science 11 (1971), S. 160-164

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ISSN: 0032-3888

Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Maschinenbau , Physik

Notizen: A mathematical solution for the Arrhenius temperature dependency for the first-order decomposition of organic peroxide catalysts has been used to prepare computer-generated data for concentration vs time when a linearly rising temperature program is used. The resulting plots, of a double exponential nature, are used to show the effects of heating rates and type of organic peroxide on peroxide concentration and polymerization reactions.

Zusätzliches Material: 7 Ill.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760110211

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