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  • Canadian Science Publishing
  • 1965-1969
  • 1960-1964  (17)
  • 1962  (11)
  • 1960  (6)
  • 1
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    SOME EFFECTS OF MOISTURE AND TEMPERATURE ON TRANSFORMATION OF MONOCALCIUM PHOSPHATE IN SOIL (1962)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1962-08-01
    Description: Pre-weighed monocalcium phosphate pellets, containing about 15 milligrams of P, were placed in 200 grams of soil and stored for 2 weeks at four moisture tensions and three temperatures. Pellet residues were then removed and the amount of phosphorus remaining was determined. Small cores containing pellet residues and the surrounding soil contacted by fertilizer solution were removed for determination of water-soluble and total inorganic P. Phosphate phases present at the granule sites and the surrounding soil were identified by their optical properties.The mean amount of phosphorus remaining at the granule sites was 20.2 per cent. Although both moisture tension and temperature significantly affected the quantity of phosphorus retained, no consistent trend was apparent. Residues remaining at the site of application were found to be mixtures of anhydrous and dihydrated dicalcium phosphate, with the latter predominating. Moisture tension and temperature did not greatly alter the proportion of the two phases.Periodic precipitates or Liesegang rings of dicalcium phosphate were formed in the soil surrounding monocalcium phosphate pellets. Dicalcium phosphate dihydrate was the predominant phase. The proportion of dihydrated to anhydrous dicalcium phosphate increased as the temperature decreased and as the moisture tension increased.Water-soluble P increased significantly with increased moisture tension and was significantly greater at 5 °C. than at either 16 or 27 °C. The mean of all treatments was 5.6 per cent. Increased amounts of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate in the surrounding soil seemed to be responsible for the increase in water solubility.Between 89.5 and 99.2 per cent of the added phosphorus was recovered in the water and acid extracts of soil cores containing about 1.4 cm.3 of soil.
    Print ISSN: 0008-4271
    Electronic ISSN: 1918-1841
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Canadian Science Publishing
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  • 2
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    SOME ORGANIC MATTER-CLAY MINERAL RELATIONSHIPS IN FOUR ALBERTA SOIL PROFILES (1962)
    Canadian Science Publishing
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    Publication Date: 1962-02-01
    Description: Four soil profiles were characterized as to nitrogen, carbon, clay and polysaccharide content. Direct extractions of the soils were also made with 1N HF-HCl and an acetic anhydride-pyridine mixture and 1.0 N NaOH. Two NaOH extractions of the lower horizons, with and without auxiliary acidic treatments between the first and second to facilitate the release of organic matter, were used to evaluate certain clay-organic matter relationships.Polysaccharide content and the C:N ratios generally decreased with depth in all soils. Of the direct extractants of organic matter NaOH was the most efficient and HF-HCl and acetic anhydride-pyridine solutions were generally ineffective. However, some accumulation of HF-HCl soluble organic matter was noted in the A2 and B2 horizons of two of the soils. The organic solvents were most effective in removing organic matter from the B2 horizons.The use of auxiliary treatments (HF-HCl, H2SO4 or both) between the first and second NaOH extractions greatly enhanced the release of the organic matter by the second NaOH extraction from the B2, Bsa and C horizons of these soils. With the exception of the A2 horizons a combined HF-HCl 2nd H2SO4 pretreatment was superior to HF-HCl or H2SO4 used alone. The retentive capacity of the clay for soil organic matter was greatest in the C and Bsa horizons as determined by the intensity of the extracting conditions necessary to effect solubilization of the organic matter into the second alkali solutions.
    Print ISSN: 0008-4271
    Electronic ISSN: 1918-1841
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 3
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    PHOSPHORUS UPTAKE BY ALFALFA AS INFLUENCED BY PHOSPHATE SOURCE AND MOISTURE (1962)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1962-08-01
    Description: The effect of phosphate source and soil moisture during the initial soil-fertilizer reaction period on subsequent phosphorus uptake by alfalfa was investigated in a growth chamber. Phosphate-treated soils with moisture adjusted to four different tensions were stored at approximately 18 °C. for 10 weeks. Following this storage interval phosphorus uptake by alfalfa was measured using a short-term technique.Phosphorus content and phosphorus uptake by both tops and roots increased significantly when water-soluble materials such as ammonium polyphosphate, monoammonium and monocalcium phosphate were applied. Less soluble sources, i.e., hydroxyapatite and anhydrous dicalcium phosphate, were much less effective. Calcium metaphosphate produced intermediate results.Moisture content of the soil during the reaction period did not greatly alter subsequent P uptake. The water-soluble sources of phosphorus were affected to the greatest degree.Uptake of P was significantly correlated with the amount of P extracted by NaHCO3 from the treated soils. The highest degree of correlation occurred with ammonium polyphosphate treated soil. A significant negative correlation occurred with calcium metaphosphate. With the exception of the 0.8 bar treatment, moisture tension had little influence on the correlation of P uptake with NaHCO3 extractable-P.
    Print ISSN: 0008-4271
    Electronic ISSN: 1918-1841
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 4
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    NITRATE-SUPPLYING POWER OF EIGHT GRASSLAND SOILS OF THE KAMLOOPS, B.C., AREA AND CORRELATION WITH RANGE FORAGE PRODUCTION (1960)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1960-02-01
    Description: The formation of nitrate in eight grassland soils of the Kamloops, British Columbia, area was studied using a laboratory incubation technique. All the accumulative totals of nitrate nitrogen produced by these soils were low and suggest that the amount of nitrate formed may be inadequate for optimum plant growth. The desert-like soils, although they are regarded as being members of the Brown great soil group, released the most nitrate nitrogen. The Shallow and Degrading Black soils released nitrate in intermediate amounts while the Brown and Dark Brown soils produced the smallest quantities. The correlations between the accumulative total of nitrate released during incubation with: C/N ratio, total nitrogen and organic matter, were not highly significant. Poor correlation was obtained in the comparison between the accumulative total nitrate formed and the forage produced during the period 1954–1957.
    Print ISSN: 0008-4271
    Electronic ISSN: 1918-1841
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 5
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    THE SIGNIFICANCE OF LOCAL SOIL TYPES TO SOIL FERTILITY STUDIES (1960)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1960-08-01
    Description: Soil productivity data included in this study were obtained from field experiments laid down in areas of soil, characteristic of individual member profiles of catenary groups of the Weyburn and Oxbow Associations, and of a mapping complex comprising members of the Sceptre, Kindersley, and Flaxcombe Associations.The criteria used to assess soil productivity included the yield of gram with and without phosphorus and nitrogen fertilization, uptake of fertilizer phosphorus, 'A' values (from field and greenhouse experiments) and extractable phosphorus (NaHCO3 and H2CO3).The data illustrate the variability in yield and response to phosphorus fertilization that can be expected within relatively short distances in any one field in which complexity of soil pattern occurs. These differences in productivity were closely associated with pedogenic differences used to classify the soils.It was concluded that considerable care must be taken in the interpretation and application of fertility data obtained from small plot experiments as the data are applicable to only one particular soil type, in most instances the soil member on which the test was established; such data cannot be used to represent mapping units which include even closely associated soil types.
    Print ISSN: 0008-4271
    Electronic ISSN: 1918-1841
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 6
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    THE EFFECT OF NITROGEN TOP DRESSING ON YIELD AND PROTEIN CONTENT OF NITROGEN-DEFICIENT CEREALS (1960)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1960-08-01
    Description: Top dressings of ammonium nitrate were made during the growing season to crops of barley and oats showing symptoms of acute nitrogen deficiency. The addition of nitrogen in the early stages of plant growth resulted in increased vegetative growth and increased yields. Applications of nitrogen delayed until the shot-blade stage had little effect on yield, but substantially increased the protein content. The yield of protein per acre was increased with higher rates of fertilization, regardless of whether the effect of the added nitrogen was to increase yield or protein content.
    Print ISSN: 0008-4271
    Electronic ISSN: 1918-1841
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 7
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    REACTIONS OF PHOSPHATE IN ALUMINUM SYSTEMS.: II. PRECIPITATION OF PHOSPHATE BY EXCHANGEABLE ALUMINUM ON A CATION EXCHANGE RESIN (1962)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1962-02-01
    Description: Experimental data are presented which show that exchangeable aluminum on resin precipitates phosphate from solutions. The precipitation data, however, conform to the Langmuir's and Freundlich's adsorption isotherms. The limitations of these adsorption isotherms in verifying an adsorption reaction are discussed. It is concluded that close agreement between the phosphate fixation data and the two isotherms may not necessarily imply an adsorption reaction in soils.
    Print ISSN: 0008-4271
    Electronic ISSN: 1918-1841
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 8
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    REACTIONS OF PHOSPHATE IN ALUMINUM SYSTEMS.: I. ADSORPTION OF PHOSPHATE BY X-RAY AMORPHOUS "ALUMINUM HYDROXIDE" (1962)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1962-02-01
    Description: The initial fixation of phosphate by X-ray amorphous "aluminum hydroxide" at pH values of 7, 6, 5 and 3.8 and at initial phosphate concentrations ranging from 2 to 100 p.p.m. of P and in certain instances, up to molar concentration, was shown to be primarily a result of an adsorption reaction. This reaction occurred very rapidly and was practically completed within a half-hour, but was followed by a slow decomposition-precipitation process. The adsorption mechanism was suggested to be basically the same as the decomposition-precipitation reaction, except the latter requires the release of the aluminum ion into solution.The limitations of the Langmuir adsorption isotherm are discussed in light of the data obtained. A unified equation for adsorption and precipitation of phosphate in aluminum systems is presented.
    Print ISSN: 0008-4271
    Electronic ISSN: 1918-1841
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 9
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    NOTE ON MOLYBDENUM DEFICIENCY IN SPHAGNUM PEAT SOIL (1962)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1962-02-01
    Description: not available
    Print ISSN: 0008-4271
    Electronic ISSN: 1918-1841
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
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  • 10
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    THE PERSISTENCE OF CERTAIN PESTICIDES IN THE SOIL AND THEIR EFFECT ON CROP YIELDS (1960)
    Canadian Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 1960-02-01
    Description: From 1954 to 1958 at Kentville, Nova Scotia, the persistence and residual effects of certain pesticides, added to the soil annually from 1949 to 1953 inclusive, were investigated. Stability of pesticides in the soil rated in descending order of persistency was as follows: arsenic, DDT, BHC, chlordane. Arsenic, DDT, and sulphur caused decreases in the yields of some crops. Evidence indicated that DDT, BHC, and parathion were translocated to root crops. Increased concentrations of arsenic in the soil resulted in increased accumulations of the element in plants.The use of lime in the soil did not ameliorate the toxic conditions resulting from the arsenic and DDT treatments, but did correct the effects of sulphur applications.
    Print ISSN: 0008-4271
    Electronic ISSN: 1918-1841
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Published by Canadian Science Publishing
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