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  • Chemical Engineering  (20)
  • GENERAL  (2)
  • Fisheries
  • Q1-390
  • thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
  • 2020-2024
  • 1955-1959  (22)
  • 1950-1954
  • 1945-1949
  • 1958  (22)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
  • 2020-2024
  • 1955-1959  (22)
  • 1950-1954
  • 1945-1949
Year
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A general index of fractional distillation power for hydrocarbon mixtures (1958)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 4 (1958), S. 389-392 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Results from precise calculations for fractionation of multicomponent hydrocarbon mixtures show that the relative separations between components are rationalized in a simple manner in terms of the relative volatilities. A quantitative criterion for sharpness of fractionation with complex mixtures, the Fractionation Index, is suggested. This function is useful for general correlation purposes. It also enables prediction of the detailed compositions of the products from a proposed fractionation and thereby simplifies the computation procedures.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690040403
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of liquid mixing on the performance of bubble trays (1958)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 4 (1958), S. 231-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690040220
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of nitrogen tetroxide absorption in water (1958)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 4 (1958), S. 249-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The rate of absorption of nitrogen peroxide into water at 25° and 40°C. has been found to be a linear function of the concentration of nitrogen tetroxide in the gas phase and directly proportional to the interfacial partial pressure of the same species.The rate of absorption is independent of gas velocity over a range of ReG from 170 to 350. The results plotted as absorption rate divided by interfacial partial pressure of nitrogen tetroxide show no effect of liquid rate or contact time between gas and liquid over a tenfold range of contact time from 0.03 to 0.3 sec. This indicates that the rate-controlling step during nitrogen dioxide absorption into water is the rate of hydrolysis of nitrogen tetroxide.The absorption rate decreases with increasing temperature from 25° to 40°C., owing to the shift of the equilibrium in the gas phase away from the reacting species nitrogen tetroxide toward nitrogen dioxide and owing to the the decreased solubility of nitrogen tetroxide in water. The effect of these factors on absorption more than offsets the effect of the increase in reaction rate and higher diffusivity on absorption at 40°C.The reaction rate constant for the hydrolysis of nitrogen tetroxide has been determined and the solubility of dissolved but unreacted nitrogen tetroxide in equilibrium with gaseous nitrogen tetroxide has been found.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690040303
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Turbulent heat transfer inside tubes and the analogy among heat, mass, and momentum transfer (1958)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 4 (1958), S. 393-402 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effect of fluid physical properties on the rates of convective heat transfer (or mass transfer) to Newtonian fluids flowing turbulently inside tubes has been studied extensively but never resolved for a wide range of variables. In the absence of precise experimental data the conflicting predictions of the many semitheoretical approaches developed during the last two decades have served to confuse rather than to clarify the basic question. To extend the range of the available data an experimental heat transfer study of the heretofore undefined region of high Prandtl number was performed. Fluid properties, determined experimentally, represented a variation in Prandtl number from 50 to 600.For final correlation all the available data for heat transfer with moderate temperature differences except those on liquid metals were considered. The effect of the Prandtl number for the range of the data (NPr of 0.50 to 600) was not well represented by any of the generally accepted theories or empirical equations, although a semitheoretical correlation was deduced from the data with Reichardt's general formulation of the analogy between heat and momentum transfer. The resulting equation fits all the available data with a standard deviation of 9.4%. The applicability of the correlation to turbulent mass transfer in tubes is demonstrated for Schmidt numbers up to 3,000.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690040404
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The derivation of an equation for predicting minimum spouting velocity (1958)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 4 (1958), S. 497-497 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690040423
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Velocity profile for fully developed turbulent flow in a pipe (1958)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 4 (1958), S. 132-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An equivalent Poiseuille's Law is derived for a homogeneous isotropic turbulent field. The derivation is based on an analogy between momentum transfer and heat and mass transfer, three coefficients being used to characterize the exchange process: (1) the molecular viscosity µ, (2) an intensity parameter to characterize the magnitude of the turbulent velocity fluctuations ν2, and (3) a scale parameter to characterize the scale of the turbulence T.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690040204
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rates of flow through microporous solids (1958)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 4 (1958), S. 90-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Rates of flow of pure gases, both those with no adsorption and those with appreciable adsorption, were studied as a function of pressure level, pressure drop, and temperature for flow through 1/2-in.-diameter cylindrical plugs of activated carbon and of unsintered Vycor glass. Adsorption isotherms for the pure gases on Vycor glass were measured over the range of variables covered in the flow studies. A few measurements were made for bulk liquid flowing through a Vycor plug.Permeabilities, which are proportional to the rate of flow per unit of pressure drop, were satisfactorily correlated for hydrogen, helium, argon, and nitrogen by employing existing gas-phase flow theory. Permeabilities considerably larger than the values predicted from the nonadsorbed gas correlation, sometimes more than seventeen times as large, were observed for ethylene, propylene, and isobutane flowing through a Vycor plug. For the hydrocarbon-Vycor systems, permeabilities for vapor flow are as much as sixty times larger than for bulk liquid flow.The unusual flow phenomena for the hydrocarbon-Vycor systems are attributed to a rapid transport in the adsorbed layer. The total transport is treated as being the sum of gas-phase and adsorbed-layer flow. An equation describing adsorbed-layer movement is derived by utilizing a force balance together with thermodynamic principles. The resulting equation has just one empirical constant, and its use requires adsorption-isotherm data. It correlates very well the surface flow rates for the major range of the variables covered in this investigation. Rate measurements were made for adsorbed-layer concentrations ranging from about one tenth of a monolayer up through the capillary condensation region. Deviations in the one constant form of the equation are observed below one tenth of a monolayer. The available literature data on flow in adsorbed layers are reasonably well correlated by the same equation.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690040117
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic studies of carbonation reactions using radioactive tracers (1958)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 4 (1958), S. 143-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In this study a radioactive tracer technique was used to determine the kinetic reaction rate constants in the CO2—NaHCO3—Na2CO3—H2O system at temperatures of 32, 50, and 68°F., and at various values of pH ranging from 5.6 to 7.6. By operating with this system at chemical equilibrium but at isotopic disequilibrium, it was possible to divorce the influence of the diffusion of CO2 into and out of the aqueous solution from the kinetic effects of the chemical reaction. Radioactive carbon-14 in the form of CO2 was analyzed by means of the Bernstein-Ballentine technique in order to measure the rates of reaction.By this treatment, without using intricate equipment, reaction rate constants were computed from simple, integrated first-order equations. Results showed that values for the forward rate constant of the reaction CO2 + H2O ⇌ HCO3- + H+ agreed well with the values published by previous investigators. On the other hand, the forward rate constants of the reaction CO2 + OH- ⇌ HCO3- were about 100 times as large as previously reported values. This difference is believed due to the complete elimination of any mass transfer effects in this study. In addition, values for the rate constants of the reverse reactions were measured for the first time, and the calculated values of the equilibrium constants for the two reactions agreed within 6% on the average with those given by Harned and Owen. The technique used, with its variations, is expected to have numerous applications in the study of the kinetics of heterogeneous systems.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690040206
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The formation of interfacial area in immiscible liquids by orifice mixers (1958)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 4 (1958), S. 346-350 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper deals with the dispersion of one immiscible liquid in another (water in kerosene) by means of an orifice mixer. The degree of mixing was determined by measuring the area per unit volume of the dispersed phase. The area was measured with a photoelectric device, which had been calibrated photographically. The interfacial area formed at high Reynolds numbers (10,000 to 45,000, based on the diameter of the orifice) was found to increase with increases in both the volume fraction of water in the water-kerosene mixture and the change in kinetic energy across the orifice. In addition, other aspects such as the rate of coalescence of the dispersed phase downstream from the orifice are treated.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690040323
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
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    Characteristics of gas pockets in fluidized beds (1958)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 4 (1958), S. 445-452 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Some characteristics of gas pockets rising through beds of fluidized solids have been measured directly with a light probe technique. The vertical thickness, numerical frequency, and rate of rise of the bubbles were obtained from oscillographs of dual probe signals. Room-temperature air at 1-atm. pressure was used in 4- and 6-in. columns. Glass beads, a crushed rock, commerical cracking catalysts, coal, and hollow resin spheres were studied in particle sizes from 12-µ fluid cracking catalyst to 450-µ coal.Vertical bubble thickness was found to increase with particle size, distance above the bed support, and gas velocity. Size growth upon rising was mainly the result of coalescence of bubbles. The rise velocity ranged from 1 to 2 ft./sec., relatively unaffected by operating conditions. Bubble frequency decreased with height above the bed support owing to coalescence. Total bed-depth variation from 1.0 to 2.5 ft. did not significantly influence the results, which should be of interest in studying gas by-passing in fluidized beds and predicting the slugging behavior and fluidization uniformity.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690040413
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