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  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (125)
  • Aircraft Design, Testing and Performance
  • Aircraft Stability and Control
  • FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
  • GENERAL
  • 1980-1984  (180)
  • 1955-1959  (6)
  • 1984  (180)
  • 1958  (6)
Collection
Keywords
Years
  • 1980-1984  (180)
  • 1955-1959  (6)
Year
  • 11
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    Analysis of active control by surface heating (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The excitation of boundary-layer disturbances by active, localized periodic heating of the flow surfaces is investigated analytically. A triple-deck model is used in the matched-asymptotics approach, and the incompressible case with small temperature variations, a linearized 3-deck problem, is considered. This case corresponds to the experimental (water-tunnel) conditions of Liepmann et al. (1982), who demonstrated that the induced disturbances can be used to enhance or suppress the Tollmien-Schlichting waves. Here the energy equation is uncoupled from the momentum and continuity equations to permit definition of the thermal-sublayer temperature profile by superposition of canonical solutions, which are presented in an appendix. A diagram of the 3-deck structure and graphs of calculated results are included.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: AIAA PAPER 84-0173
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  • 12
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    Application of thin-layer Navier-Stokes equations near maximum lift (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The flowfield about a NACA 0012 airfoil at a Mach number of 0.3 and Reynolds number of 1 million is computed through an angle of attack range, up to 18 deg, corresponding to conditions up to and beyond the maximum lift coefficient. Results obtained using the compressible thin-layer Navier-Stokes equations are presented as well as results from the compressible Euler equations with and without a viscous coupling procedure. The applicability of each code is assessed and many thin-layer Navier-Stokes benchmark solutions are obtained which can be used for comparison with other codes intended for use at high angles of attack. Reasonable agreement of the Navier-Stokes code with experiment and the viscous-inviscid interaction code is obtained at moderate angles of attack. An unsteady solution is obtained with the thin-layer Navier-Stokes code at the highest angle of attack considered. The maximum lift coefficient is overpredicted, however, in comparison to experimental data, which is attributed to the presence of a laminar separation bubble near the leading edge not modeled in the computations. Two comparisons with experimental data are also presented at a higher Mach number.
    Keywords: FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER
    Type: AIAA PAPER 84-0049
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  • 13
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    Sputtering processes - Erosion and chemical change (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Laboratory data and models of sputter-induced erosion and chemical alterations in ice films are reviewed and the results are applied to icy grains and satellites exposed to magnetospheric ion bombardment. It is shown that the source of the plasma in the inner magnetosphere of Saturn is likely to be the sputter erosion of the icy objects in this region and the sputter erosion and possible stabilization of the E-ring are considered. Ion-induced polymerization is discussed as a source of the darkened rings of Uranus.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Advances in Space Research (ISSN 0273-1177); 4; 9 19
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  • 14
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    Magnetic field models (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Magnetic field models for Saturn based on data obtained by the Pioneer 11, Voyager 1, and Voyager 2 spacecraft are discussed. Saturn is distinguished form earth and Jupiter by the symmetry of its internal field about its axis of rotation; however, the strong periodic modulation of Saturn's radio emission is strong evidence of some departure from axial symmetry. Analysis of energetic charged particle absorption signatures observed by Pioneer and Voyager spacecraft are consistent with axisymmetric models of Saturn's magnetic field and demonstrate that any equatorial displacement of the dipole is limited to less than 0.01 R(S). Saturn's magnetosphere appears to be intermediate in configuration to those of earth and Jupiter. An equatorial ring current of about 10 million A, confined to a 5 R(S) thick annulus with inner and outer radii of 8 and 16 R(S), has a major effect on the geometry of the outer magnetosphere. Field lines are moderately but measurably stretched out in the equatorial plane.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
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  • 15
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    Atlas of Saturn's rings (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A preliminary summary is made from a compilation of Voyager Saturn ring data. The data base includes optical thickness radial profiles at 3.6 and 13.6 cm radio wavelength measurements, 1300 and 2640 A occultations of delta Sco, albedos in the 3000-6000 A range, time and azimuthal resolved albedo profiles, particle impacts in the G ring, and number densities of magnetospheric charged particles. Sample data tracks are provided for the A, C, and D rings and the Cassini division. Finally, the trajectory of the Voyager 2 pass through the ring system is plotted.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
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  • 16
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    Saturn's rings - Properties and processes (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: In the present consideration of the structural and particle properties of Saturn's rings, emphasis is given to spacecraft observations and an attempt is made to relate observed properties to favored causative processes. While the ring particles are primarily icy, there is evidence for compositional variation on both local and regional scales. Ring structure is generally dominated by collisional and gravitational dynamics. On the basis of such features as orbital resonances with various satellites, which drive spiral density and bending waves, the ring mass density and local vertical thickness can be determined.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
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  • 17
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    Magnetic field amplification and generation in hypervelocity meteoroid impacts with application to lunar paleomagnetism (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: A one-dimensional numerical model for the expansion of impact-produced vapor clouds is used to investigate magnetic field generation mechanisms in events such as meteor collisions with the moon. The resulting cloud properties, such as ionization fraction, electrical conductivity, radial expansion velocity, mass density, and energy density are estimated. The model is initiated with the peak shock states and pressure thresholds for incipient and complete vaporization of anorthosite lunar surface materials by iron and GA composition meteorites. The expansion of the spherical gas cloud into a vacuum was traced with a one-dimensional explicit lagrangian hydrodynamic code. The hypervelocity impact plasmas produced are found to be significant in the amplitudes and orientations of the magnetic fields generated. An ambient magnetic field could have been provided by the core dynamo, which would have interacted with the expanding plasmas and formed induced paleomagnetic fields. Several other field-contribution mechanisms are discussed and discarded as potential remanent magnetism contributors.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research, Supplement (ISSN 0148-0227); 89; C211-C22
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  • 18
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    Production of ammonia-depleted surface layers on the Saturnian satellites by ion sputtering (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: On the basis of laboratory-derived data on the ion erosion of water and ammonia ices, it is suggested that the surfaces of the Saturnian satellites Enceladus, Tethys, Dione, and Rhea could have become enriched with water ice over a reasonable geological time period owing to the preferential erosion of the ammonia by magnetosphere ion bombardment. This mechanism serves as an alternative explanation to other processes invoked for the absence of ammonia spectral features in these satellites.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Nature (ISSN 0028-0836); 312; 139
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  • 19
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    Erosion and modification of SO2 ice by ion bombardment of the surface of Io (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: New measurements on the effect of slow ion bombardment of SO2 ice using Ar(+) in the 15-45 keV range are presented. Total yields for loss of SO2 are given along with the energy spectra of the ejected molecules and molecular fragments and information on the chemical changes induced by the ion bombardment. These data are used to estimate that the direct sputter ejection rate of sulfur into the Jovian plasma is of the order of 10 billion atoms/sq cm/s, that the erosion rate of fresh SO2 deposits due to sputtering is of the order of 0.001 cm/yr, and that a significant and possibly observable column density of SO3 can be produced in an SO2 front only for penetrating ion bombardment. Chemical activity occurs even in rather low-temperature SO2 ice bombardment by ions in the nuclear stopping region, and this activity is likely to increase with increasing temperature.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Journal of Geophysical Research, Supplement (ISSN 0148-0227); 89; B711-B71
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  • 20
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    Trace elements in rims and interiors of Chainpur chondrules (1984)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Trace elements were measured in the rims and interiors of nine chondrules separated from the Chainpur LL-3 chondrite. Whole rock samples of Chainpur and samples of separated rims were also measured. Chondrule rims are moderately enriched in siderophile and volatile elements relative to the chondrule interiors. The enriched volatile elements include the lithophilic volatile element Zn. The moderate enrichment of volatiles in chondrule rims and the lack of severe depletion in chondrules can account for the complete volatile inventory in Chainpur. These results support a three-component model of chondrite formation in which metal plus sulfide, chondrules plus rims and matrix silicates are mixed to form chondrites.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (ISSN 0016-7037); 48; 1071-108
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