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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (232)
  • Aircraft Stability and Control
  • Biology
  • GENERAL
  • General Chemistry
  • 1975-1979  (188)
  • 1955-1959  (74)
  • 1978  (188)
  • 1958  (74)
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  • 1975-1979  (188)
  • 1955-1959  (74)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An optimized potential function for base-stacking interaction is constructed. Stacking energies between the complementary pairs of a dimer are calculated as a function of the rotational angle and separation distance. Using several different sets of atomic charges, the electrostatic component in the monopole-monopole approximation (MMA) is compared to the more refined segmented multipole-multipole representation (SMMA); the general features of the stacking minima are found to be correctly reproduced with IEHT or CNDO atomic charges. The electrostatic component is observed to control the location of stacking minima. The MMA, in general, is not a reliable approximation of the SMMA in regions away from minima; however, the MMA is reliable in predicting the location and nature of stacking minima. The attractive part of the Lennard-Jones 6-12 potential is compared to and parameterized against the expression for the second-order interaction terms composed of multipole-bond polarizability for the polarization energy and transition-dipole bond polarizabilities for approximation of the dispersion energy. The repulsive part of the Lennard-Jones potential is compared to a Kitaygorodski-type repulsive function; changing the exponent from its usual value of 12 to 11.7 gives significantly better agreement with the more refined repulsive function. Stacking minima calculated with the optimized potential method are compared with various perturbation-type treatments. The optimized potential method yields results that compare as well with melting data as do any of the more recent and expensive perturbation methods.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Corrosion Inhibitors 21 (1) - Investigations into the autoxidation of Fe2+ salts of tetramethylene-1,4-bis-, hexamethylene-1,6-bis-, benzene-1,4-bis-phosphonic acids, phosphoric acid and pyrophosphoric acid as a model of a surface layer inhibiting the corrosion of ironThe efficiency of organic bisphosphonic acids as inhibitors of the corrosion of iron is due to the fact that Fe2+ ions leaving the iron surface react with the acid immediately and give rise to the formation of threedimensional surface layers. The more dense the structure of these layers, the more resistant these network is against oxygen and the more resistant to hydrolysis are the Fe—OP bonds, the better the protective effect. Oxygen as well as chloride ions are then prevented excess to the metal surface. The distribution of phosphorus in the precipitates obtained during the model experiments yields information concerning the degree of crosslinking.
    Notes: Die Wirksamkeit der organischen Bisphosphonsäuren als Inhibitoren der Korrosion von Eisen ist dadurch bedingt, daß die aus der Eisenoberfläche auftretenden Fe2+-Ionen direkt am Austrittsort mit den Säuren reagieren und an Ort und Stelle dreidimensional vernetzte Deckschichten aufbauen. Je dichter die Struktur dieser Schichten, je beständiger das Netzwerk gegen Sauerstoff und je hydrolysebeständiger die Fe—OP-Bindungen, desto besser ist die Schutzwirkung: Dadurch wird sowohl dem Sauerstoff als auch dem Chloridion der Zugang zur Metalloberfläche verwehrt. Die Modellversuche ermöglichen aufgrund der Verteilung des Phosphors in den Niederschlägen Rückschlüsse auf den Vernetzungsgrad.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 22 (1978), S. 1763-1766 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 22 (1978), S. 2395-2396 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 16 (1978), S. 583-597 
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Millar-type interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) are composed of two identical networks. In the present case Millar IPNs of polystyrene/polystyrene were prepared where the crosslinker levels of the two networks differed by a factor of 10. Polymer network I contained 0.4% divinylbenzene (DVB) and polymer network II contained 4% DVB, the polymers having the following weight proportions: 75/25, 50/50, and 25/75. A single polystyrene network containing 2.2% DVB was synthesized for comparison with the 50/50 Millar IPN, both containing the same average amount of crosslinker. The creep behavior of the Millar IPNs was found to be dominated by polymer network I, as were the rubbery moduli and swelling behavior in toluene. These results suggested that polymer I domains are more continuous in space and polymer II domains are less continuous. The Donatelli equation predicted polymer II domain sizes of 60 Å to 100 Å for the Millar IPNs. Electron micrographs of specimens containing 1% isoprene in polymer II offered visual evidence for the segregation of polymer II domains from polymer I, and showed that the polymer II domains were, in fact, less continuous. Polymer II domains varied from about 50 to 100 Å in size, as predicted. These results have implications for gelation processes in general.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 16 (1978), S. 341-347 
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Proton spin-lattice relaxation times T1 were measured for two samples of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), one with weight-average molecular weight Mw = 77,400 and the other with Mw = 609,000. Two T1 minima and a T1 discontinuity were observed for each compound. The high-temperature T1 minima were attributed to a stretching and flexing motion of the PDMS chain. Quantitative comparison of the relaxation data with a theoretical model developed for this motion allowed the activation energy, 2.3 kcal/mole, and the maximum angular displacement of the methyl group symmetry axis to be determined. The latter was found to be 31°, independent of sample molecular weight. The low-temperature minima were ascribed to methyl reorientation with an activation energy of 1.6 kcal/mole. The T1 discontinuities were attributed to melting and allowed the degree of crystallinity to be estimated.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 16 (1978), S. 771-778 
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Silica-supported bis(indenyl)- and bis(fluorenyl)-chromium catalysts show good activity in ethylene polymerization. For maximum productivity with the indenyl chromium catalyst, the silica must be dried, with higher dehydration temperatures giving a significant increase in polymerization activity. Less deactivation on thermal aging of the supported bis(indenyl)-chromium catalyst allows ethylene polymerization to proceed for many hours, which provides polyethylenes of low residual chromium content. In contrast to the behavior of supported chromocene catalysts, the indenyl-and fluorenyl-chromium catalysts require a higher hydrogen/ethylene ratio to achieve a specific polymer melt index. Nevertheless, highly saturated polyethylenes are produced with these new catalysts. This result indicates that chain transfer to hydrogen remains the major chain transfer reaction. Addition of cyclopentadiene to a supported indenyl-chromium catalyst provided a catalyst with a much higher transfer response to hydrogen. This result suggests that ligand exchange occurred, producing a supported chromocene catalyst. These overall results are consistent with an active-site model which comprises a supported divalent chromium center attached to an indenyl or fluorenyl ligand during the polymerization process. Polymerization is believed to occur by a coordinated anionic mechanism of the type previously discussed for a supported chromocene catalyst.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 16 (1978), S. 3233-3248 
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Copolymerization of vinyl cyclohexane and α-methyl vinyl cyclohexane with acrylonitrile in the presence of a complexing agent AlEtCl2 results in the formation of alternate copolymers. In the copolymerization of vinyl cyclohexane with acrylonitrile the copolymer composition depends on the ratio of acrylonitrile to AlEtCl2. If this ratio is unity, alternating copolymers of the composition 1:1 are formed; with a ratio greater than unity statistical copolymers that contain more than 50% acrylonitrile units are produced. The 1H-NMR spectroscopy measurements indicate that the interaction between the comonomers and the complexing agent leads to the formation of ternary donor-acceptor complexes of equimolar composition. The equilibrium constants of these complexes at -60°C have been determined. The effects of temperature, nature of solvent and dilution on the yield, and composition of the copolymers of vinyl cyclohexane with acrylonitrile formed have been studied. By lowering the temperature the yield of copolymers increases but their composition remains equimolar. An increase in the polarity of the medium results in an increase in copolymer yield, whereas the yield decreases if the reaction is conducted in a donor-solvent medium. Dilution of the reaction mixture disrupts the alternation of units in the macrochain of copolymers. The kinetic pecularities of copolymerization have been investigated. The linear dependence of the copolymerization rate on the product of comonomer concentration is observed. The rate of copolymerization is proportional to the square root of the incident light intensity. Various additions of radical type and irradiation accelerate the process of copolymerization. The mechanism of alternating copolymerization of vinyl cyclohexane monomers with acrylonitrile in the presence of AlEtCl2 is discussed in terms of homopolymerization of the comonomer complex.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 28 (1958), S. 439-442 
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science 28 (1958), S. 629-631 
    ISSN: 0022-3832
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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