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  • Articles  (112)
  • Chemical Engineering  (57)
  • General Chemistry  (55)
  • AERODYNAMICS
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  • 1965-1969  (83)
  • 1955-1959  (29)
  • 1968  (83)
  • 1958  (29)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On phase equilibrium at the gas-liquid interface during absorption (1958)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 4 (1958), S. 439-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: That phase equilibrium exists at the gas-liquid interface during gas absorption is usually assumed in the analysis and design of absorption equipment, but the validity of this assumption has been in doubt since Higbie's pioneering gas-absorption studies. Accurate measurements are reported herein of the absorption rates at 25°C. of carbon dioxide into short water jets in which the liquid was in laminar flow. The jets issued from circular nozzles of about 1.5-mm. diam., flowed intact downward through an atmosphere of carbon dioxide at average velocities of from 75 to 550 cm./sec. over distances of 1 to 15 cm., and were collected in a receiver slightly larger in diameter than the nozzles. The measured absorption rates are in excellent agreement with predictions based on unsteady state diffusion theory, when one assumes interfacial equilibrium. It is concluded from these results and those of other investigators that equilibrium prevails at a freshly formed, relatively clean, carbon dioxide-water interface and that the same statement probably applies to the absorption of other slightly soluble gases in water.Evidence is discussed which indicates that an accumulation of minute quantitities of surface-active materials may seriously reduce the rate of gas absorption, either by affecting the hydrodynamic characteristics of the system or perhaps by offering resistance to the transfer of solute molecules across the interface.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690040412
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methods for solving the boundary layer equations for moving continuous flat surfaces with suction and injection (1968)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 14 (1968), S. 726-736 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Several methods that can be used to obtain solutions to the laminar boundary layer momentum, energy, and diffusion differential equations for moving continuous flat surfaces with suction and injection are presented. Results are obtained for a wide range of the injection parameter, f(0), at Prandtl and Schmidt numbers of 1, 10, and 100. Those methods which permit hand calculation of the properties of interest are compared using the numerical solutions of the boundary layer differential equations as the exact solutions. The new integral method of Hanson and Richardson which gives results for the momentum thickness that deviate less than 2.2% from the exact values is recommended for predicting values of the momentum boundary layer parameters. The Von Karman-Pohlhausen method, which was modified to account for suction and injection, is most generally valid. This method gives acceptable values of the transfer coefficients for heat, mass and momentum transfer for most of the values considered.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690140510
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Absorption into an accelerating film (1958)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 4 (1958), S. 382 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690040330
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Umlagerung stark ungesättigter Cyclopropylcarbene (1968)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 80 (1968), S. 631-632 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19680801533
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Änderung der Orientierung von Substitutionsreaktionen an Thiophen- und Furanderivaten (1968)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 80 (1968), S. 547-557 
    Details
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Thiophen- und Furanderivate werden unter konventionellen Bedingungen in α-Stellung substituiert; gute und bequeme Methoden zur Gewinnung von β-Substitutionsprodukten standen früher nicht zur Verfügung. In diesem Aufsatz wird eine Methode beschrieben, welche die Synthese vieler β-substituierter Thiophene und Furane ermöglicht. Die Carbonylgruppe von α-Aldehyden oder Ketonen der Thiophen- und Furanreihe wird dabei durch Komplexbildung mit überschüssigem Aluminiumchlorid blockiert, so daß die elektrophile Substitution in 4-Stellung stattfindet. Eine weitere präparativ wertvolle Methode ist die Blockierung der Carbonylgruppe durch Acetalisierung. Die Acetale lassen sich mit lithium-organischen Verbindungen im Kern metallieren. Die Kombination beider Methoden macht viele Thiophen- und Furanderivate gut zugänglich.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.19680801403
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasticizing ethylene copolymers (1968)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 8 (1968), S. 58-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760080110
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modification of the Orientation of Substitution Reactions on Thiophene and Furan Derivatives (1968)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 7 (1968), S. 519-529 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Substitution ; Furan derivatives ; Thiophenes ; Regioselectivity ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Under normal conditions, thiophene and furan derivatives are substituted in the α position, and no convenient alternative methods for the preparation of β-substitution products have been available until now. The present article describes a method that permits the synthesis of many β-substituted thiophenes and furans. In this method, the carbonyl group in α-aldehydes or ketones of the thiophene and furan series is blocked by complex formation with an excess of aluminum chloride, so that electrophilic substitution takes place in position 4. In another useful method, the carbonyl group is blocked by acetalization. The acetals can be metalated in the ring by organolithium compounds.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196805191
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heat transfer from superheated vapors to a horizontal tube (1958)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 4 (1958), S. 43-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Experimental data are reported for condensing Freon-114 (tetrafluorodichloroethane) and steam at several pressures. The condition of the vapors ranged from saturation to 180°F. of superheat. The condensing tube containing embedded thermocouples was 3/4 in. in diameter and 3 ft. long. Visual observation showed that steam condensed by dropwise condensation in part. Increase of superheat in the vapor at constant pressure caused a lowering of the tube-wall temperature, which was indicative of a lowering of the surface temperature of the condensate. The lowering of the condensate-surface temperature below the saturation temperature was computed from the experimental tube-wall temperatures, the heat flux, and Nusselt's equation for the condensate-film resistance. The lowering of the condensate-surface temperature is correlated with degree of superheat. An interfacial coefficient of heat transfer between the superheated vapor and the condensate surface is reported based on the computed surface temperatures. Schrage's analysis and equations for relating mass and heat transfer with conditions at an interface were simplified and used to correlated the experimental condensing load with the degree of superheat.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690040109
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gas absorption accompanied by a liquid-phase chemical reaction (1958)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 4 (1958), S. 223-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The rate of absorption of chlorine from chlorine-nitrogen mixtures into solutions of ferrous chloride in 0.203 N aqueous hydrochloric acid was studied in a short wetted-wall column. Dimensional analysis and the film and penetration theories were used to infer, from the absorption rate data, that the chemical reaction between chlorine and the ferrous ion is second order. The absorption-rate results for experiments with a dilute gas phase agreed with theoretical predictions for absorption accompanied by a second order reaction with a reaction rate constant of 188 liters/(g. mole) (sec.). The results for experiments with pure chlorine gas deviated from the rest of the results, and they did not agree with the theoretical equations. It was shown that the assumption of a three-step mechanism for the chemical reaction, including the formation of a complex ion and the decompositon of this complex ion, explains, at least qualitatively, the deviations observed for the pure chlorine gas runs.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690040219
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Discharge coefficients through perforated plates at reynolds numbers of 400 to 3,000 (1958)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 4 (1958), S. 266-268 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The correlation of Kolodzie and Van Winkle (3) for predicting dry plate orifice coefficients through perforated plates originally covering a Reynolds number range of 2000 to 20,000 has been extended to apply to Reynolds numbers as low as 400. The correlation applies to column diameters ranging from 3 to 15 in.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690040306
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