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  • Artikel  (70)
  • Oxford University Press  (67)
  • Wiley  (3)
  • American Chemical Society
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
  • De Gruyter
  • Institute of Physics
  • Society of Petroleum Engineers
  • 2015-2019  (69)
  • 2010-2014
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  • 1955-1959  (1)
  • 1945-1949
  • 2015  (69)
  • 1957  (1)
  • Wirtschaftswissenschaften  (70)
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  • Artikel  (70)
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  • 2015-2019  (69)
  • 2010-2014
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  • 1955-1959  (1)
  • 1945-1949
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  • 1
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    Intellectual property in plant breeding: comparing different levels and forms of protection (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-12-29
    Beschreibung: Welfare trade-offs between intellectual property (IP) protections provided by patents and by plant variety protection (PVP) are explored. PVP breeders’ exemption weakens IP protection, but may speed the transfer of research gains across firms. A model is developed assuming firms optimise research given existing IP protection. A baseline scenario supporting each system is used to perform welfare analysis, and study how the balance is altered between systems. Survey data suggest patents are more appropriate for longer-term, higher-risk research, whereas PVP is better suited for traditional breeding. A scenario where patents and licensing co-exist dominates PVP in all commercially relevant areas.
    Schlagwort(e): O31 - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives, O34 - Intellectual Property Rights, Q16 - R&D ; Agricultural Technology ; Agricultural Extension Services
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
    Digitale ISSN: 1464-3618
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
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    Product Relatedness and Firm Exports in China (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-09-30
    Beschreibung: We propose the first evaluation using micro-level data of the gains from the consistency of activities with a local comparative advantage. Using firm-level data from Chinese customs over the 2000–6 period, we investigate the relationship between the export performance of firms and how their products relate to local comparative advantage. Our key indicator measures the density of the links between a product and the local product space. Hence, it combines information on the intrinsic relatedness of a good with information on the local pattern of specialization. Our results indicate that exports grow faster for goods that have denser links with those currently produced in the firm's locality. The density of links between products seems to yield export-enhancing spillovers. However, we show that this positive effect of product relatedness on export performance is mainly limited to ordinary trade activities and domestic firms. It is also stronger for more productive firms, suggesting that spillover diffusion may be hindered by insufficient absorptive capacity.
    Schlagwort(e): F10 - General, F14 - Country and Industry Studies of Trade, O14 - Industrialization ; Manufacturing and Service Industries ; Choice of Technology
    Print ISSN: 0258-6770
    Digitale ISSN: 1564-698X
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
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    Bioenergy Supply and Environmental Impacts on Cropland: Insights from Multi-market Forecasts in a Great Lakes Subregional Bioeconomic Model (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-11-06
    Beschreibung: Using subregional models of crop production choices in central Wisconsin and southwest Michigan, we predict biomass production, land use, and environmental impacts with details that are unavailable from national scale models. When biomass prices are raised exogenously, we find that the subregional models overestimate the supply, the land use, and the beneficial environmental aspects of perennial biomass crops. Multi-market price feedbacks tied to realistic policy parameters predict high threshold absolute prices for biomass to enter production, resulting in intensified production of biomass from annual grain crops with damaging environmental impacts. Multi-market feedbacks also predict regional specialization in energy biomass production in areas with lower yields of food crops. Policies promoting biofuels will not necessarily generate environmental benefits in the absence of environmental regulations.
    Schlagwort(e): Q16 - R&D ; Agricultural Technology ; Agricultural Extension Services, Q42 - Alternative Energy Sources, Q50 - General
    Print ISSN: 2040-5790
    Digitale ISSN: 2040-5804
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
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    Payment decoupling and intra-European calf trade (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-07-29
    Beschreibung: The 2003 CAP reform introduced decoupled income transfers as a prominent policy instrument. However, member states were given discretion over the degree and timing of the reform implementation. As a result, different implementation schemes coexist, keeping certain parts of the income support coupled. This coexistence leads to distortions of production incentives, factor misallocations and artificial trade flows. Here, we examine these effects in the beef sector where full decoupling was not obligatory. We derive a sector-specific trade model to examine the effects of different implementation schemes on intra-European calf trade. Empirical results confirm that trade flow distortions occurred.
    Schlagwort(e): F13 - Trade Policy ; International Trade Organizations, F14 - Country and Industry Studies of Trade, Q17 - Agriculture in International Trade
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
    Digitale ISSN: 1464-3618
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
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    Reports and Minutes (1957)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publikationsdatum: 1957-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0002-9092
    Digitale ISSN: 1467-8276
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
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    Too Busy to Eat with the Kids? Parental Work and Children's Eating (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publikationsdatum: 2015-08-11
    Beschreibung: Parents influence their children's eating behavior by providing access to certain types of food, creating enjoyable mealtimes and associations with food, and by role modeling. In this study we investigate the association between parental employment and parental time spent eating with their children. Using data from the 2001/02 German Time Budget Survey, we explore associations between time spent eating with children and labor force participation in Germany. We find that parental labor force participation is negatively associated with time spent eating with children. Each additional hour of work per day by the mother is associated with a 2.4 minute decrease in the amount of time the mother spends eating with her children. For paternal hours of work, we find that the more time a father spends working, the less time the child spends eating with the father or with both parents. Overall, we find evidence of mother inter-gender time substitution and some amount of time/food away from home substitution. Understanding how parents allocate their time, where they are most likely to eat, and what drives these decisions is an important endeavor since parents play a critical role in shaping and reinforcing their children's eating practices.
    Schlagwort(e): D13 - Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation
    Print ISSN: 2040-5790
    Digitale ISSN: 2040-5804
    Thema: Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Gartenbau, Fischereiwirtschaft, Hauswirtschaft , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
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    Production and offtake rights in joint operating agreements: lessons from Pohokura{dagger} (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-09-29
    Beschreibung: In March of 2015 New Zealand’s Court of Appeal brought to a conclusion a long running dispute between the joint venture partners in the Pohokura gas and condensate field located in Taranaki, New Zealand. Todd Pohokura v. Shell Exploration NZ Limited et ano deals with the rights to production and offtake arising under the Association of International Petroleum Negotiator’s (AIPN) 1995 Model Form joint operating agreement (JOA), the powers of the Operating Committee in regards thereto and the practical implications of entering into a field development without documenting all the necessary gas sale and transportation arrangements in advance. The factual matrix provides an opportunity to review the principles of common law relevant to production and offtake, including the development of those principles from early English common law into U.S. domestic law, and how those principles have been reflected in model form JOAs on both sides of the Atlantic, including the AIPN forms and ultimately the Pohokura JOA. The analysis confirms the New Zealand courts’ rulings upholding the power of the Operating Committee to determine production rates under the AIPN Model form. However, it concludes that gas offtake arrangements that amend or add to the rights and obligations of the parties under the JOA must be agreed unanimously and are not within the jurisdiction of the Operating Committee to determine.
    Print ISSN: 1754-9957
    Digitale ISSN: 1754-9965
    Thema: Energietechnik , Rechtswissenschaft , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
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    2015 Student Writing Competition Editorial Note (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-09-29
    Print ISSN: 1754-9957
    Digitale ISSN: 1754-9965
    Thema: Energietechnik , Rechtswissenschaft , Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
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    How Bank Competition Affects Firms' Access to Finance (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-09-30
    Beschreibung: Using multi-year, firm-level surveys for 53 countries, this paper explores the impact of bank competition on firms’ access to finance. We find that low competition, as measured by high values on the Lerner index or Boone indicator, diminishes firms’ access to finance. In addition, the impact of competition on access to finance depends on the quality and scope of credit information sharing mechanisms, and better credit information mitigates the damaging impact of low competition. Overall, our paper offers consistent international evidence that supports the market power hypothesis, which argues that market power reduces access, and rejects the information hypothesis, which suggests that low competition improves access because it allows banks to internalize the investment in building firm-specific relationships.
    Schlagwort(e): G20 - General, L10 - General
    Print ISSN: 0258-6770
    Digitale ISSN: 1564-698X
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
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    Exchange Rate Volatility, Financial Constraints, and Trade: Empirical Evidence from Chinese Firms (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2015-09-30
    Beschreibung: In this paper, we study how firm-level export performance is affected by Real Exchange Rate (RER) volatility and investigate whether this effect depends on existing financial constraints. Our empirical analysis relies on export data for more than 100,000 Chinese exporters over the 2000–6 period. We confirm a trade-deterring effect of RER volatility. We find that firms' decision to begin exporting and the exported value decrease for destinations with a higher exchange rate volatility and that this effect is magnified for financially vulnerable firms. As expected, financial development seems to dampen this negative impact, especially on the intensive margin of export. These results provide micro-founded evidence suggesting that the existence of well-developed financial markets allows firms to hedge exchange rate risk. The results also support a key role of financial constraints in determining the macro impact of RER volatility on real outcomes.
    Schlagwort(e): F14 - Country and Industry Studies of Trade, F31 - Foreign Exchange, L25 - Firm Performance: Size, Diversification, and Scope
    Print ISSN: 0258-6770
    Digitale ISSN: 1564-698X
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Publiziert von Oxford University Press
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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